抑制还是干扰？来自提取练习范式的证据

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2022.06.006

心理与行为研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (6): 753-759.DOI: 10.12139/j.1672-0628.2022.06.006

抑制还是干扰？来自提取练习范式的证据

杨邵峰¹^,²^,³^,*(), 张志超², 冀婷⁴

1. 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地天津师范大学心理与行为研究院，天津 300387
2. 天津师范大学心理学部，天津 ? ?300387
3. 学生心理发展与学习天津市高校社会科学实验室，天津 300387
4. 天津医科大学人事处，天津 ? ?300070

收稿日期:2022-03-14 出版日期:2022-11-20 发布日期:2022-11-20
通讯作者: 杨邵峰
基金资助:
教育部人文社会科学研究基地重大项目（18JJD190001）

Inhibition or Interference? Evidence from the Retrieval Practice Paradigm

Shaofeng YANG¹^,²^,³^,*(), Zhichao ZHANG², Ting JI⁴

1. Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387
2. Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin ? ?300387
3. Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students’ Mental Development and Learning, Tianjin 300387
4. Personnel Department, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin ? ?300070

Received:2022-03-14 Online:2022-11-20 Published:2022-11-20
Contact: Shaofeng YANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨抑制理论和干扰理论对提取诱发遗忘产生的不同解释，当前研究使用经典的提取练习范式，通过两个实验从不同角度对提取诱发遗忘进行了检验。实验1采用2（学习方式：类别学习、正常学习）×3（项目类型：Rp+、Rp−、Nrp）两因素混合设计，通过设置不同学习方式操纵项目的干扰程度，结果显示，相较于正常学习，类别学习条件下提取诱发遗忘效应量增加，即该条件下Rp−受到抑制更大。实验2采用单因素三水平设计（Rp+、Rp−、Nrp），控制样例提取方式以排除线索与项目的联结，结果仍然发现了提取诱发遗忘。两个实验的结果在一定程度上支持了提取诱发遗忘的抑制理论。

关键词: 提取诱发遗忘, 抑制理论, 干扰理论, 提取抑制, 提取练习范式

Abstract:

To explore the controversial issue of inhibition and interference theories for the explanation of retrieval-induced forgetting, the current study used the classical retrieval practice paradigm to investigate the mechanisms of retrieval-induced forgetting from different perspectives through two experiments. Experiment 1 used a 2 (learning style: in-category learning, normal learning)×3 (item type: Rp+, Rp−, Nrp) two-factor mixed design, manipulating the degree of interference of the items by setting different learning styles. The results showed an increase in the amount of retrieval-induced forgetting effect in the category learning condition compared to normal learning. Experiment 2 used a one-factor, three-level design (Rp+, Rp−, Nrp), by using sample extraction to exclude cue-item associations. The results still revealed retrieval-induced forgetting. The findings of both experiments provide some support for the theory of inhibition of retrieval-induced forgetting.

Key words: retrieval-induced forgetting, inhibition theory, interference theory, retrieval inhibition, retrieval practice paradigm

中图分类号:

B842

杨邵峰, 张志超, 冀婷. 抑制还是干扰？来自提取练习范式的证据[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(6): 753-759.

Shaofeng YANG, Zhichao ZHANG, Ting JI. Inhibition or Interference? Evidence from the Retrieval Practice Paradigm[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(6): 753-759.

图/表 2

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项目类型	Rp+	Rp−	Nrp
学习阶段	水果−香蕉	水果−葡萄	职业−医生
提取练习阶段	水果−香__	水果−葡__	职业−医__

项目类型	Rp+	Rp−	Nrp
学习阶段	水果−香蕉	水果−葡萄	职业−医生
提取练习阶段	水果−香__	水果−葡__	职业−医__

项目类型	Rp+	Rp−	Nrp	Nrp−Rp−
正常学习	86.57±14.81	47.22±18.90	54.88±17.16	7.66±5.48
类别学习	85.94±13.46	44.79±21.35	61.20±15.06	16.41±12.28

项目类型	Rp+	Rp−	Nrp	Nrp−Rp−
正常学习	86.57±14.81	47.22±18.90	54.88±17.16	7.66±5.48
类别学习	85.94±13.46	44.79±21.35	61.20±15.06	16.41±12.28

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抑制还是干扰？来自提取练习范式的证据

Inhibition or Interference? Evidence from the Retrieval Practice Paradigm

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