1 引言
2 实验1:汉字转换任务中的加减法优势差异
2.1 研究方法
2.1.1 被试
2.1.2 实验材料
表1 加法和减法条件下目标字的平均字频及差异比较 |
| 加法 | 减法 | Mann-Whitney检验统计量 | p | |
| 目标字 | 281.53 | 294.55 | 551.00 | 0.741 |
注:单位为次/百万,参考现代汉语语料库的汉字字频表(http://www.chineselexicaldatabase.com)。 |

问题解决中的加法倾向性—来自汉字转换任务的证据
收稿日期: 2024-03-26
网络出版日期: 2024-12-12
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(32271118);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(21YJC190025)。
版权
Additive Tendencies in Problem Solving: Evidence from The Chinese Character Conversion Task
Received date: 2024-03-26
Online published: 2024-12-12
Copyright
林正希 , 张忠炉 . 问题解决中的加法倾向性—来自汉字转换任务的证据[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2024 , 22(4) : 457 -462 . DOI: 10.12139/j.1672-0628.2024.04.004
Previous studies have found that people are more inclined to use additive strategies and ignore favorable subtractive strategies when solving problems, however, what factors influence this preference for addition remains unclear. The present study explored this issue by using a Chinese character conversion task. Experiment 1 found that when using a single strategy (either adding or subtracting one stroke alone) to convert a false character into a valid one, the frequency of subtractive answers was higher than that of additive ones, which suggests that subtraction is easier than addition. Experiment 2 demonstrated that the frequency of additive answers was higher than subtractive ones under a free-choice strategy condition where participants could choose to add or subtract one stroke. Additionally, the high perceptual integration condition caused higher proportion of additive answers compared to the low perceptual integration condition. This study validates the additive tendency and reveals a new finding, that is, the intercomponent perceptual integration enhances the additive tendency.
表1 加法和减法条件下目标字的平均字频及差异比较 |
| 加法 | 减法 | Mann-Whitney检验统计量 | p | |
| 目标字 | 281.53 | 294.55 | 551.00 | 0.741 |
注:单位为次/百万,参考现代汉语语料库的汉字字频表(http://www.chineselexicaldatabase.com)。 |
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