This study investigated the attributes of group coding and decoding of spatial position relations by testing the VWM (visual working memory) of a single object in a typical spatial relationship object pair in real-world scene. The findings of four experiments were as follows. First, when the object was presented in a way consistent with the spatial position relationship of the real scene, the VWM accuracy of a single object was higher. Second, under the condition of conforming to spatial position relationship, the extraction reaction time of a single object was longer, and the response time of the upper object was shorter. Moreover, the memory accuracy of the upper object was higher. Third, the active objects in the object pairs with both spatial and action relations had higher accuracy. In conclusion, there are decoding phenomena and retrieval order effects when extracting a single object in the object space grouping of real scenes, and the upper object and the active object have advantages on the VWM.
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