道德自我对利己和利他行为倾向的注意偏向*

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以大学生为被试，通过点探测任务考察高低道德自我水平对利他和利己词汇的注意偏向。结果发现：（1）高道德自我水平个体在利他-利己词语、利他-中性配对出现时，若探测点与利他词语位置一致，被试的反应时比较短，而当探测点与利他词语位置不一致时，被试的反应时会延长；（2）低道德自我水平的个体在探测点与利己词语同位时的反应时短，当探测点同利他词语或中性词语位置一致时反应时增加；（3）高道德自我水平个体对利他词语的注意偏向值为正，即存在注意警觉，而对利己词汇的注意偏向值为负，表现出注意回避；低道德自我水平个体对利己词汇也存在注意回避。结果表明道德自我水平的高低影响个体对利他和利己行为倾向的注意偏向。

关键词: 道德自我, 注意偏向, 利他词汇, 利己词汇

Abstract: To investigate whether individual preference of moral information begins from the attention stage, the current study examined whether individuals with high level of moral self-concept would have an attention bias on altruistic words while those with low level of moral self-control were more likely to pay attention to selfish words. Point detection tasks were carried out to study the effect of moral self-concept on the attention bias of altruistic information. Results showed that: 1)When the altruistic words paired with selfish words and the probe point appeared in the same side with altruistic words, the reaction time of participants with higher level of moral self-concept was significantly lower than those with lower level of moral self-control. 2)When altruistic words paired with neutral words and the probe point appeared in the same side with the neutral words, the reaction time of participants with lower moral self-concept was significantly lower than those with higher moral self-concept. Such result was the same for when selfish words paired with neutral word and the probe point appeared in the same side with the selfish words. 3)Participants with higher level of moral self-concept were more alert to altruistic words than those with lower level of moral self-control. Both people with high and low moral self-concept avoided selfish words, but no significant difference was found. In conclusion, the present findings demonstrated that moral self-concept influenced the attention bias to altruistic or selfish information.

Key words: moral self-concept, altruistic words, selfish words, attention bias.

中图分类号:

B848

聂衍刚,刘莉,曾燕玲,宁志军. 道德自我对利己和利他行为倾向的注意偏向*[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2015, 13(5): 678-683.

Nie Yangang, Liu Li, Zeng Yanling, Ning Zhijun. The Influence of Moral Self-Control on Altruistic Tendencies: A Study of Attention Bias[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2015, 13(5): 678-683.

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