中学生亲子依恋对主观幸福感的影响：师生关系及自尊的链式中介作用*

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究师生关系和自尊在中学生亲子依恋与主观幸福感关系之间的链式中介效应,使用亲子依恋问卷、师生关系量表、自尊量表、积极/消极情感量表和生活满意度量表对北京地区八所普通中学的2730名中学生进行调查。结果发现：（1）中学生亲子依恋、师生关系、自尊和主观幸福感显著相关。（2）中学生亲子依恋不仅直接影响其主观幸福感,而且还通过师生关系的中介作用、自尊的中介作用和师生关系—自尊的链式中介作用对主观幸福感产生间接效应。

关键词: 中学生, 亲子依恋, 师生关系, 自尊, 主观幸福感

Abstract: To explore the influence of parental attachment on middle school students' subjective well-being and the chain mediating effects of teacher-student relationship and self-esteem, 2730 middle school students from 8 General Secondary Schools in Beijing were investigated with the inventory of Parent Attachment, Student-Teacher Relationship Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Positive and Negative Affect Scales, and Satisfaction with Life Scale. The results reveal that: 1)Parent attachment, teacher-student relationship, self-esteem and subjective well-being correlated significantly with each other. 2)Parent attachment could exert effects on subjective well-being directly, also through the mediating effect of teacher-Student relationship, self-esteem, and the chain mediating effect of teacher-student relationship and self-esteem.

Key words: middle school student, parent attachment, teacher-student relationship, self-esteem, subjective well-being

中图分类号:

B842

郭明佳, 刘儒德, 甄瑞, 牟晓红, 庄鸿娟. 中学生亲子依恋对主观幸福感的影响：师生关系及自尊的链式中介作用*[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2017, 15(3): 351-358.

Guo Mingjia, Liu Rude, Zhen Rui, Mou Xiaohong, Zhuang Hongjuan. The Effect of Parent Attachment to Subjective Well-being: Chain Mediating Effect of Teacher-Student Relationship and Self-Esteem in Middle School Students[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2017, 15(3): 351-358.

参考文献

1 岑延远, 郑雪.(2005). 大学生自尊水平与应对方式的相关研究. 中国临床心理学杂志, 13(2), 167-169.
2 陈文锋, 张建新.(2004). 积极/消极情感量表中文版的结构和效度. 中国心理卫生杂志, 18(11), 763-765.
3 邓林园, 马博辉, 武永新.(2015). 初中生依恋与主观幸福感:自尊的中介作用. 心理发展与教育, 31(2), 230-238.
4 傅俏俏, 叶宝娟, 温忠麟.(2012). 压力性生活事件对青少年主观幸福感的影响机制. 心理发展与教育, 28(5), 516-523.
5 金灿灿, 邹泓, 曾荣, 窦东徽.(2010). 中学生亲子依恋的特点及其对社会适应的影响: 父母亲密的调节作用. 心理发展与教育, 26(6), 577-583.
6 孔风, 王庭照, 李彩娜, 和娟, 王瑾, 游旭群.(2012). 大学生的社会支持、孤独及自尊对主观幸福感的作用机制研究. 心理科学, 35(2), 408-411.
7 孔令艳, 刘长亮.(2009). 青少年自尊与人际关系的研究综述. 科教文汇旬刊,(19), 6-7.
8 李锦萍, 李董平, 张卫.(2016). 亲子依恋、学校联结对初中生攻击性行为的影响. 中国健康心理学杂志, 24(1), 68-72.
9 李勉媛.(2003). 初中生自尊的发展及其与师生关系、学业成绩的关系.(硕士学位论文), 广西师范大学.
10 李小青, 邹泓, 王瑞敏, 窦东徽(2008). 北京市流动儿童自尊的发展特点及其与学业行为, 师生关系的相关研究. 心理科学, 31(4), 909-913.
11 李晓巍, 刘艳.(2013). 父教缺失下农村留守儿童的亲子依恋、师生关系与主观幸福感. 中国临床心理学杂志, 21(3), 493-496.
12 林崇德, 李庆安.(2005). 青少年期身心发展特点. 北京师范大学学报: 社会科学版, (1), 48-56.
13 林崇德, 王耘, 姚计海.(2001). 师生关系与小学生自我概念的关系研究. 心理发展与教育, 17(4), 17-22.
14 刘春梅, 邹泓.(2007). 青少年的社会支持系统与自尊的关系. 心理科学, 30(3), 609-612.
15 刘洋.(2009). 初中生师生关系与主观幸福感的关系研究. 社会心理科学, (4), 43-45.
16 屈智勇.(2002). 中小学班级环境的特点及其与学校适应的关系. (硕士学位论文), 北京师范大学.
17 田丽丽, 刘旺.(2005). 多维学生生活满意度量表中文版的初步测试报告. 中国心理卫生杂志, 19(5), 301-303.
18 王极盛, 丁新华.(2003). 北京市初中生主观幸福感与父母教养方式的关系研究. 中国健康教育, 19(11), 868-869.
19 温忠麟, 侯杰泰, 马什赫伯特.(2004). 结构方程模型检验:拟合指数与卡方准则. 心理学报, 36(2), 186-194.
20 魏运华.(1998). 学校因素对少年儿童自尊发展影响的研究. 心理发展与教育, 14(2), 12-16.
21 吴水燕, 李惠怡, 彭蓉, 彭月, 覃艺, 杨森, 李涛.(2010). 大学生自尊对师生关系与学习倦怠的中介作用. 中国学校卫生, 31(8), 939-941.
22 熊红星, 张璟, 叶宝娟, 郑雪, 孙配贞.(2012). 共同方法变异的影响及其统计控制途径的模型分析. 心理科学进展, 20(5), 757-769.
23 徐维东, 吴明证, 邱扶东.(2005). 自尊与主观幸福感关系研究. 心理科学, 28(3), 562-565.
24 杨霞.(2005). 儿童同伴关系研究综述. 中北大学学报(社会科学版), 21(5), 85-88.
25 杨秀君, 孔克勤.(2003). 主观幸福感与人格关系的研究. 心理科学, 26(1), 121-123.
26 岳永华, 张光珍, 陈会昌, 梁宗保, 陈欣银.(2010). 儿童的依恋类型与其问题行为的关系. 心理科学, 33(2), 318-320.
27 张林, 李元元.(2009). 自尊社会计量器理论的研究述评. 心理科学进展, 17(4), 852-856.
28 张丽华, 张索玲, 宁微.(2009). 师生关系、同伴关系影响青少年自尊的路径分析. 中国健康心理学杂志, 17(11), 1378-1381.
29 张奇, 王锦.(2007). 大学生自尊与社会支持的关系. 心理与行为研究, 5(2), 93-99.
30 张文娟, 程玉洁, 邹泓, 杨颖.(2012). 中学生的情绪智力、社会问题解决技能对其师生关系的影响. 心理科学, 35(3), 624-630.
31 Agirdag, O., Houtte, M. V., & Avermaet, P. V.(2012). Ethnic school segregation and self-esteem: The role of teacher-pupil relationships. Urban Education, 47(6), 1135-1159.
32 Armsden, G. C., & Greenberg, M. T.(1987). The inventory of parent and peer attachment: Individual differences and their relationship to psychological well-being in adolescence. Journal of Youth & Adolescence, 16(5), 427-454.
33 Ayyash-Abdo, H., & Sánchez-Ruiz, M. J.(2012). Subjective well-being and its relationship with academic achievement and multilinguality among lebanese university students. International Journal of Psychology, 47(3), 192-202.
34 Bowlby, B. J.(1988). A secure base: Parent-child attachment and healthy development. New York: Basic Books.
35 Bradburn, N. M.(1969). The structure of psychological well-being. Chicago: Aldine.
36 Brofenbrenner, U.(1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
37 Buote, V. M., Wood, E., & Pratt, M.(2009). Exploring similarities and differences between online and offline friendships: the role of attachment style. Computers in Human Behavior, 25(2), 560-567.
38 Diener, E.(2009). The science of well-being: The collected works of ed diener. Nursing Standard Official Newspaper of the Royal College of Nursing, (47), 101-103.
39 Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Lucas, R. E.(2002). Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and life satisfaction. Oxford handbook of positive psychology, 2nded(pp 187-194).
40 Diener, E., & Seligman, M. E.(2002). Very happy people. Psychological Science, 13(1), 81-84.
41 Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L.(1999). Subjective well-being: three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125(2), 276-302.
42 Dodge, J. M.(1987). The relationship of family support to elder well-being. The University of Arizona, Master Dissertation.
43 Foster, J. D., Kernis, M. H., & Goldman, B. M.(2007). Linking adult attachment to self-esteem stability. Self & Identity, 6(1), 64-73.
44 Greenberg, M. T., Siegel, J. M., & Leitch, C. J.(1983). The nature and importance of attachment relationships to parents and peers during adolescence. Journal of Youth & Adolescence, 12(5), 373-86.
45 Huebner, E. S.(1994). Preliminary development and validation of a multidimensional life satisfaction scale of children. Psychological Assessment, 6(2), 149-158.
46 Hughes, J. N., Cavell, T. A., & Willson, V.(2001). Further support for the developmental significance of the quality of the teacher-student relationship. Journal of School Psychology, 39(4), 289-301.
47 Jacobsen, T., & Hofmann, V.(1997). Children′s attachment representations: Longitudinal relations to school behavior and academic competency in middle childhood and adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 33(4), 703-710.
48 Joshanloo, M., & Afshari, S.(2011). Big five personality traits and self-esteem as predictors of life satisfaction in iranian muslim university students. Journal of Happiness Studies, 12(1), 105-113.
49 Ju, Y. B., Doh, H. S., Sun, H. R., & Shin, J. H.(2015). The effects of maternal parenting behavior, relationships with friends, and relationships with teachers on the subjective well-being of children in late childhood. Korean Journal of Child Studies, 36(6), 59-83.
50 Kafetsios, K., & Sideridis, G. D.(2006). Attachment, social support and well-being in young and older adults. Journal of Health Psychology, 11(6), 863-875.
51 Kasser, T., & Ryan, R. M.(1996). Further examining the american dream: differential correlates of intrinsic and extrinsic goals. Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin, 22(3), 280-287.
52 Leary, M. R., Tambor, E. S., Terdal, S. K., & Downs, D. L.(1999). Self-esteem as an interpersonal monitor: The sociometer hypothesis. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 68(3), 270-274.
53 Lin, H. C.(2014). Fuzzy pls path modeling of interpersonal relationship, social support, job achievement and subjective well-being of school principals. International Journal of Intelligent Technologies & Applied Stat, 7(4), 323-337.
54 Liu, Y., Li, X., Chen, L., & Qu, Z.(2014). Perceived positive teacher-student relationship as a protective factor for chinese left-behind children′s emotional and behavioural adjustment. International Journal of Psychology, 50(5), 354-362.
55 Lopez, F. G., & Gover, M. R.(1993). Self-report measures of parent-adolescent attachment and separation-individuation: A selective review. Journal of Counseling & Development, 71(5), 560-569.
56 Ma, C. Q., & Huebner, E. S.(2008). Attachment relationships and adolescents′ life satisfaction: Some relationships matter more to girls than boys. Psychology in the Schools, 45(2), 177-190.
57 Martin, A. J., Marsh, H. W., Mcinerney, D. M., Green, J., & Dowson, M.(2007). Getting along with teachers and parents: The yields of good relationships for students′ achievement motivation and self-esteem. Australian Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 17(2), 109-125.
58 McCormack, J., Hudson, S. M., & Ward, T.(2002). Sexual offenders′ perceptions of their early interpersonal relationships: An attachment perspective. Journal of Sex Research, 39(2), 85-93.
59 OdacO, H., & CzkanCci.(2014). Problematic internet use in terms of gender, attachment styles and subjective well-being in university students. Computers in Human Behavior, 32(1), 61-66.
60 Padhy, M., Rana, S., & Mishra, M.(2011). Self esteem and subjective well-being: Correlates of academic achievement of students. The International Journal Research Publication′s, 1(7), 148-156.
61 Pianta, R. C.(2001). Student-teacher relationship scale: Professional manual. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
62 Rosenberg, M.(1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Social Forces, 3(2), 1780-1790.
63 Suh, E., Diener, E., & Fujita, F.(1996). Events and subjective well-being: Only recent events matter. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 70(5), 1091-1102.
64 Suldo, S. M., Shaffer, E. J., & Riley, K. N.(2008). A social-cognitive-behavioral model of academic predictors of adolescents′ life satisfaction. School Psychology Quarterly, 23(1), 56-69.
65 Taylor, A. B., Mackinnon, D. P., & Tein, J. Y.(2008). Tests of the three-path mediated effect. Organizational Research Methods, 11(2), 241-269.
66 Wilkinson, R. B.(2004). The role of parental and peer attachment in the psychological health and self-esteem of adolescents. Journal of Youth & Adolescence, 33(6), 479-493.

[1]	李永占. 情绪智力在身体自尊与进食障碍倾向间的调节作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(4): 570-576.
[2]	谭德琴, 谢瑞波, 丁菀, 吴伟, 宋省成, 李伟健. 亲子依恋和师生关系对留守儿童内化问题的影响：同伴依恋的中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(3): 339-345.
[3]	孙洪蕊, 柳铭心, 张兴利, 周晨浩, 刁雅欣, 包乃丽. 父亲和母亲自主支持的特点及其与青少年社会适应的关系：自尊的中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(3): 375-381.
[4]	王江洋, 王蒙歌. 拒绝敏感性与留守中学生病理性网络使用：生命意义感和自我污名的中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(2): 219-225.
[5]	朱海, 宋香, 周云, 杨晓平, 田泽永. 职业压力对西部山区中小学教师主观幸福感的影响：有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(1): 115-121.
[6]	姚崇, 惠琪, 王媛, 席海莎, 雒朝梁. 公费师范教师社会支持与职业倦怠的关系探究[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(6): 816-823.
[7]	高峰, 白学军. 越努力越幸福—中国背景下成就动机与主观幸福感的元分析[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(4): 466-472.
[8]	王欣竹, 邹何辉, 郝娜, 黄瑶, 吴琴, 崔丽莹. 抑制还是补偿？尴尬情绪对初中生合作倾向和行为的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(4): 549-555.
[9]	彭顺, 胡祥恩. 大学生压力与疲劳的关系：一个有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(4): 563-570.
[10]	张珊珊, 鞠睿, 李亚林, 王晓庄. 亲子依恋与青少年内外化问题的关系：心理韧性与同伴影响抵抗的链式中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(3): 354-360.
[11]	孙芳, 李欢欢, 包佳敏, 甄子昂, 宋巍, 蒋松源. 教师支持、同伴支持与中学生心理危机的关系：歧视知觉的中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(2): 209-215.
[12]	刘啸莳. 母亲受教育水平和青少年学业自尊的关系：母亲教养方式的中介作用和性别的调节作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(1): 59-65.
[13]	刘昕, 刘晓雯. 负性生活事件与儿童反应性攻击性之间的关系：一个有多重中介变量的结构方程模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(1): 82-88.
[14]	卢富荣, 宋煜静, 刘路培, 方选智. 父母冲突对儿童青少年抑郁情绪的影响：有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2020, 18(6): 770-776.
[15]	吴晓靓, 盖笑松, 王文, 谢笑春, 王宏, 顾婷玉. 中国中学生和大学生幸福感常模的制定[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2020, 18(4): 530-536.