社交情境类型对孤独症儿童响应性共同注意心理过程的影响

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2024.04.015

心理与行为研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (4): 538-544.DOI: 10.12139/j.1672-0628.2024.04.015

社交情境类型对孤独症儿童响应性共同注意心理过程的影响

王崇颖¹, 刘云婷*^,¹(), 孙凌*^,²()

1. 南开大学社会学院，南开大学孤独症研究中心，天津 300350
2. 天津市安定医院儿童青少年心理科，天津医科大学精神卫生中心，天津 300070

收稿日期:2022-02-25 出版日期:2024-07-20 发布日期:2024-07-20
通讯作者: 刘云婷, 孙凌
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金重大项目(21&ZD182)；天津市自然科学基金(23JCZXJC00320)；天津市安定医院院级课题(ADYKHT2020008)；天津市教委科研计划专项任务重点项目(心理健康教育，2023年)。

How Social Scenes Impact Responding Joint Attention Process in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Chongying WANG¹, Yunting LIU*^,¹(), Ling SUN*^,²()

1. Nankai University Autism Research Center, School of Sociology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350
2. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychology, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070

Received:2022-02-25 Online:2024-07-20 Published:2024-07-20
Contact: Yunting LIU, Ling SUN

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

社会交往障碍是孤独症谱系障碍患者的核心症状之一，而共同注意又是社交技能的一个重要组成部分。儿童早期的共同注意缺陷会损害其社会认知的发展。本研究旨在探究不同社交情境类型对孤独症儿童响应性共同注意心理过程的影响及其变化情况。32名3～6岁的孤独症儿童和40名年龄匹配的正常发育儿童参加了两个眼动追踪实验：人−物社交情境和人际社交情境。研究发现：当情境人数为两人时，孤独症儿童的注视知觉无明显缺陷，但当社会信息强度变化时，其注视知觉缺陷逐渐显现出来。此外，其注视追随能力在两类社交情境中均存在明显缺陷。

关键词: 响应性共同注意, 社交情境, 孤独症, 注视知觉, 注视追随

Abstract:

This study aimed to explore how social scenes impact responding joint attention process in children with ASD. Thirty-two ASD children aged 3~6 and forty typically developing (TD) children of the same age participated in two eye-tracking experiments: one involving a person-object social scene and the other an interpersonal social scene. The findings revealed that changes in the intensity of social information had a noticeable impact on the gaze perception of responding joint attention in ASD children compared to TD children. ASD children demonstrated significant impairments in their ability to follow gazes in both types of social situations.

Key words: responding joint attention, social scenes, autism spectrum disorders, gaze perception, gaze following

王崇颖, 刘云婷, 孙凌. 社交情境类型对孤独症儿童响应性共同注意心理过程的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2024, 22(4): 538-544.

Chongying WANG, Yunting LIU, Ling SUN. How Social Scenes Impact Responding Joint Attention Process in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2024, 22(4): 538-544.

图/表 4

图1 人−物社交情境两组儿童线索人物眼睛注视时间比

图2 人−物社交情境两组儿童的视线转移次数

图3 人际社交情境两组儿童线索人物眼睛注视时间比

图4 人际社交情境两组儿童的视线转移次数

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社交情境类型对孤独症儿童响应性共同注意心理过程的影响

How Social Scenes Impact Responding Joint Attention Process in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

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