双框线索范式下任务难度影响水平优势而非纯粹的客体注意

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2025.05.002

心理与行为研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (5): 586-594.DOI: 10.12139/j.1672-0628.2025.05.002

双框线索范式下任务难度影响水平优势而非纯粹的客体注意

陈琦¹^,², 胡赛赛³, 赵晶晶*^,²^,⁴(), 王勇慧*^,²^,⁴()

1. 教育部高校思想政治工作队伍培训研修中心(陕西师范大学)，西安 710119
2. 陕西师范大学心理学院，西安 710062
3. 西北师范大学心理学院，兰州 730070
4. 陕西省行为与认知神经科学重点实验室，西安 710062

收稿日期:2024-04-18 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-09-20
通讯作者: 赵晶晶, 王勇慧
基金资助:
陕西省自然科学基金(2025JC-YBQN-254)；教育部高校思想政治工作队伍培训研修中心(陕西师范大学)研究生创新基金(yxzxBZ008)。

Task Difficulty Modulates Horizontal Advantage Rather than Pure Object-Based Attention in the Two-Rectangle Cuing Paradigm

Qi CHEN¹^,², Saisai HU³, Jingjing ZHAO*^,²^,⁴(), Yonghui WANG*^,²^,⁴()

1. Training and Research Center of Ideological and Political Work Team of Ministry of Education (Shaanxi Normal University), Xi’an 710019
2. School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062
3. School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070
4. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, Xi’an 710062

Received:2024-04-18 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-09-20
Contact: Jingjing ZHAO, Yonghui WANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以往关于客体朝向影响客体注意的研究结论尚存争议，或与研究中使用的任务难度差异有关。本研究采用双框线索范式，系统操作任务难度，分别在探测任务与简单辨别任务(实验1)以及简单辨别任务与困难辨别任务(实验2)中考察客体朝向对客体注意的影响。结果发现，任务难度越大，水平优势越大，客体朝向对客体注意的影响也越大；而纯粹的客体注意不受任务难度、线索−目标朝向的影响。实验3在实验2的基础上，将矩形框倾斜45°排除水平优势后，进一步证实了纯粹的客体注意不受任务难度和客体朝向的影响。本研究澄清了以往有关客体朝向影响客体注意的争议，并为双框线索范式下排除水平优势获得纯粹的客体注意提供了有效的实验方法。

关键词: 客体注意, 水平优势, 任务难度, 双框线索范式

Abstract:

The impact of object orientation on object-based attention has been inconsistently reported in previous studies, which may be attributed to variations in task difficulty. This study used the two-rectangle cuing paradigm and systematically manipulated task difficulty to investigate the influence of object orientation on object-based attention in two experimental conditions: detection task versus simple discrimination task (Experiment 1), and simple discrimination task versus difficult discrimination task (Experiment 2). The results showed that as task difficulty increased, the horizontal advantage became more pronounced, which strengthened the influence of object orientation on object-based attention. However, pure object-based attention was unaffected by task difficulty or cue-target orientation. In Experiment 3, based on Experiment 2, a 45° tilt of the rectangular frame was introduced to eliminate the horizontal advantage, further confirming that pure object-based attention was independent of task difficulty and object orientation. This study clarifies previous controversies regarding the influence of object orientation on object-based attention and proposes an effective experimental method for isolating pure object-based attention by eliminating the horizontal advantage in the two-rectangle cuing paradigm.

Key words: object-based attention, horizontal advantage, task difficulty, two-rectangle cuing paradigm

陈琦, 胡赛赛, 赵晶晶, 王勇慧. 双框线索范式下任务难度影响水平优势而非纯粹的客体注意[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2025, 23(5): 586-594.

Qi CHEN, Saisai HU, Jingjing ZHAO, Yonghui WANG. Task Difficulty Modulates Horizontal Advantage Rather than Pure Object-Based Attention in the Two-Rectangle Cuing Paradigm[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2025, 23(5): 586-594.

图/表 7

图1 双框线索范式流程图

图2 实验1流程图注：图中只呈现了垂直矩形以及目标为T的样例，以下同。

图3 实验1结果注：A为经典OBA(为方便比较OBA，图中未呈现V条件下的反应时)；B为剥离水平优势后纯粹的OBA；误差线为标准误，以下同。

图4 实验2困难辨别任务流程图

图5 实验2结果

图6 实验3中的实验刺激注：图中只呈现了左倾矩形框的样例。

图7 实验3结果

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双框线索范式下任务难度影响水平优势而非纯粹的客体注意

Task Difficulty Modulates Horizontal Advantage Rather than Pure Object-Based Attention in the Two-Rectangle Cuing Paradigm

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