干预不同个体记忆内容对负性刺激诱发的情绪水平影响*

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探讨记忆在情绪发生和调节中的作用,通过干预个体对负性刺激的记忆内容,研究了积极干预、消极干预和不干预三组被试在接受负性刺激后产生的情绪水平差异,以及不同认知方式个体对诱发情绪的不同反应。结果表明,干预类型对负性刺激诱发的消极情绪产生了一定影响:积极干预组和不干预组在消极情绪后测上的得分显著低于消极干预组,积极干预组与不干预组的得分差异不显著。认知方式、性别及干预顺序对诱发情绪的影响不显著。结论:干预记忆内容可影响负性刺激诱发的消极情绪水平,接受积极干预比消极干预产生的消极情绪水平更低,因此对记忆内容的积极干预可有效降低产生的消极情绪水平。

关键词: 情绪水平, 干预类型, 负性刺激, 认知方式

Abstract: The study exams the role of memory in the occurrence and regulation of emotions and how cognition style and intervention to the contents of memory impact negative emotional level induced by negative stimulations, participants accept one of positive intervention, negative intervention and non-intervention. The results show that intervention type has a significant main impact on negative emotions, participants who accept positive intervention and non-intervention would lead to produce more lower level of negative emotions than those who accept negative intervention and the score difference of positive intervention and non-intervention is not significant. Cognition style, sex and intervention order have no significant impact on both positive and negative emotions. To sum up, intervention to the contents of memory influences emotional level. Accepting positive intervention can produce more lower negative emotional level than those who accept negative intervention, positive intervention to the contents of memory influences negative emotional level.

Key words: Emotional level, intervention type, negative stimulations, cognition style

中图分类号:

B842.61

郭翠翠，王有智. 干预不同个体记忆内容对负性刺激诱发的情绪水平影响^*[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2014, 12(5): 588-592.

Guo Cuicui,Wang Youzhi. Impacts of Intervention to the Contents of Memory on Emotions Induced by Negative Stimulations[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2014, 12(5): 588-592.

参考文献

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袭开国.(2007).大学生认知风格与情绪的关系研究. 中国临床心理学杂志, 15(6), 595-597.
赵富才, 宋灵青, 赵夫明. (2007). 认知方式与情绪唤醒对大学生从事宗教信仰决策的影响. 中国健康心理学杂志, 15(5), 418-419.
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Fiedler, K. (1988). Emotional mood, cognitive style, and behavior regulation. In K. Fiedler ＆ J.
Forgas (Eds.), Affect, cognition, and social behavior(pp. 100-119). Toronto, Canada: Hogrefe.
Gross, James, J， John, ＆ Oliver, P. (1988). Mapping the domain of expressivity: Multimethod evidence for a hierarchical model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(1), 170-191.
Josephson, Singer, ＆ Salovey. (1996). Mood regulation and memory: Repairing sad moods with happy memories. Cognition ＆ Emotion. 10(4), 437-444.
Kensinger, Elizabeth, A， Corkin, ＆ Suzanne. (2003). Effect of negative emotional content on working memory and longterm. memory.Emotion, 3(4), 378-393.
Levine, ＆ Linda, J. (1997). Reconstructing memory for emotions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 126(2), 165-177.
Most, S..B， Chun, M. M， Widders, D. M，＆ Zald, D. H. (2005). Attentional rubbernecking: Cognitive control and personality in emotion induced blindness. Psychonomic Bulletin ＆ Review, 12 (4), 654-661.
Niedenthal, P. M， Halberstadt, J. B，＆ Setterlund, M. B. (1997). Being happy and seeing happy: Emotional state mediates visual word recognition. Cognition and Emotion, 11 (4), 403-432.
Payne, B. K，＆ Corrigan, E. (2007). Emotional constraints on intentional forgetting. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43(5), 780-786.
Philippe, F. L， Koestner, R， Lecours, S， et al. (2011). The role of autobiographical memory networks in the experience of negative emotions: How our remembered past elicits our current feelings. Emotion, 11(6), 1279-1290.
Philippot, P， Schaefer, ＆ Herbette. (2003). Consequences of specific processing of emotional information:Impact of general versus specific autobiographical memory priming on emotion elicitation. Emotion, 3(3), 270-283.
Pillemer, D. (2003). Directive functions of autobiographical memory: The guiding power of the specific episode. Memory, 11(2), 193-201.
Raquel, C. S， José, L. O. B，＆ Sylvie, D. V. (2013). Emotion and longterm memory for duration: Resistance against interference. Behavioral Processes, 97, 6-10.
Rose, D. T， Abramson, L. Y， Hodulik, C. J， Halberstadt, L，＆ Leff, G. (1994). Heterogeneity of cognitive style among depressed inpatients. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103(3), 419-429.
Witkin, H. A, ＆ Goodenough, D. R. (1977). Field dependence and interpersonal behavior. Psychology Bulletin, 84(4), 661-689.
陈晓慧, 葛明贵, 谢莹. (2007). 大学生认知风格与学习策略及学业成绩的相关研究. 扬州大学学报, 11（2）, 47-50.
李静, 卢家媚. (2007). 不同情绪调节方式对记忆的影响. 心理学报, 39(6), 1084-1092.
李寿欣. (2013). 情绪对注意灵活性的影响：任务难度和认知方式的调节作用. 博士学位论文. 山东师范大学.宋灵青, 李玉环, 刘儒德. (2010). 情绪与认知方式对决策的影响. 中国临床心理学杂志, 18(1), 116-118.
袭开国.(2007).大学生认知风格与情绪的关系研究. 中国临床心理学杂志, 15(6), 595-597.
赵富才, 宋灵青, 赵夫明. (2007). 认知方式与情绪唤醒对大学生从事宗教信仰决策的影响. 中国健康心理学杂志, 15(5), 418-419.
Christianson, S. A，＆ LeDoux. (1992). Remembering emotional events: Potential mechanisms. The handbook of emotion and memory: Research and theory, 20（3), 307-340.
Ekman, P， Friesen, W. V，＆ Ancoli, S. (1980). Facial signs of emotion experience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39（6）, 1124-1134.
Fiedler, K. (1988). Emotional mood, cognitive style, and behavior regulation. In K. Fiedler ＆ J.
Forgas (Eds.), Affect, cognition, and social behavior(pp. 100-119). Toronto, Canada: Hogrefe.
Gross, James, J， John, ＆ Oliver, P. (1988). Mapping the domain of expressivity: Multimethod evidence for a hierarchical model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(1), 170-191.
Josephson, Singer, ＆ Salovey. (1996). Mood regulation and memory: Repairing sad moods with happy memories. Cognition ＆ Emotion. 10(4), 437-444.
Kensinger, Elizabeth, A， Corkin, ＆ Suzanne. (2003). Effect of negative emotional content on working memory and longterm. memory.Emotion, 3(4), 378-393.
Levine, ＆ Linda, J. (1997). Reconstructing memory for emotions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 126(2), 165-177.
Most, S..B， Chun, M. M， Widders, D. M，＆ Zald, D. H. (2005). Attentional rubbernecking: Cognitive control and personality in emotion induced blindness. Psychonomic Bulletin ＆ Review, 12 (4), 654-661.
Niedenthal, P. M， Halberstadt, J. B，＆ Setterlund, M. B. (1997). Being happy and seeing happy: Emotional state mediates visual word recognition. Cognition and Emotion, 11 (4), 403-432.
Payne, B. K，＆ Corrigan, E. (2007). Emotional constraints on intentional forgetting. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43(5), 780-786.
Philippe, F. L， Koestner, R， Lecours, S， et al. (2011). The role of autobiographical memory networks in the experience of negative emotions: How our remembered past elicits our current feelings. Emotion, 11(6), 1279-1290.
Philippot, P， Schaefer, ＆ Herbette. (2003). Consequences of specific processing of emotional information:Impact of general versus specific autobiographical memory priming on emotion elicitation. Emotion, 3(3), 270-283.
Pillemer, D. (2003). Directive functions of autobiographical memory: The guiding power of the specific episode. Memory, 11(2), 193-201.
Raquel, C. S， José, L. O. B，＆ Sylvie, D. V. (2013). Emotion and longterm memory for duration: Resistance against interference. Behavioral Processes, 97, 6-10.
Rose, D. T， Abramson, L. Y， Hodulik, C. J， Halberstadt, L，＆ Leff, G. (1994). Heterogeneity of cognitive style among depressed inpatients. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103(3), 419-429.
Witkin, H. A, ＆ Goodenough, D. R. (1977). Field dependence and interpersonal behavior. Psychology Bulletin, 84(4), 661-689.

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干预不同个体记忆内容对负性刺激诱发的情绪水平影响^*

Impacts of Intervention to the Contents of Memory on Emotions Induced by Negative Stimulations

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