准确性提示降低错误信息的分享意愿

陈婉婷; 张逸飞; 何清华

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2023.06.005

心理与行为研究 >

2023 , Vol. 21 >Issue 6: 751 - 759

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12139/j.1672-0628.2023.06.005

基础心理学

准确性提示降低错误信息的分享意愿

陈婉婷 ,
张逸飞 ,
何清华

展开

1. 西南大学心理学部，重庆 400715
2. 四川省纪检监察心理与行为重点实验室，成都 610066

何清华，E-mail：heqinghua@swu.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2022-07-27

网络出版日期: 2024-01-24

基金资助

国家自然科学基金(31972906)；纪检监察心理与行为四川省哲学社会科学重点实验室(四川师范大学)2023年度项目(SJX230101)

版权

收起

The Role of Accuracy Nudge in False Information Sharing

Wanting CHEN ,
Yifei ZHANG ,
Qinghua HE

Expand

1. Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715
2. Sichuan Key Laboratory of Psychology and Behavior of Discipline Inspection and Supervision, Chengdu 610066

Received date: 2022-07-27

Online published: 2024-01-24

Copyright

Fold

摘要

错误信息的传播破坏个体对真实世界的认识。准确性提示在不限制自由选择的情况下巧妙地引导个体关注信息的准确性，减少错误信息的分享。本研究以近期热点事件的不实信息和社会假新闻为材料，通过两个实验探究个体分享错误信息的心理机制，验证准确性提示的有效性。结果发现，准确性提示会降低个体错误信息的分享意愿，这意味着准确性提示是一种有效干预错误信息分享的方法。当个体具有良好的信息辨别能力时，准确性提示将具有更广泛的应用前景。

关键词： 准确性提示; 错误信息; 分享意愿

本文引用格式

陈婉婷 , 张逸飞 , 何清华 . 准确性提示降低错误信息的分享意愿[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2023 , 21(6) : 751 -759 . DOI: 10.12139/j.1672-0628.2023.06.005

Abstract

The dissemination of false information undermines individuals’ understanding of the real world. Accuracy nudges skillfully guide individuals to focus on the accuracy of information without restricting their freedom of choice and reduce the sharing of false information. This study used misinformation of hot topic and social fake news as materials, conducting two experiments to explore the cognitive process of individuals sharing misinformation and to verify the effect of accuracy nudges. This study found that accuracy nudges reduce individuals’ willingness to share misinformation, indicating that accuracy nudges are an effective intervention method for curbing the sharing of misinformation. When individuals possess great truth-discernment, the accuracy nudge has bright prospects in the application.

Key words： accuracy nudge; false information; sharing willingness

参考文献

	陈婉婷, 何清华. 错误价值感知对社交媒体假新闻分享意愿的影响——受众选择和分享信息的心理动机研究. 新闻记者, 2023, (2): 60- 70.
	何贵兵, 李纾, 梁竹苑. 以小拨大: 行为决策助推社会发展. 心理学报, 2018, 50 (8): 803- 813.
	金花, 贾丽娜, 单金磊. 相关度对老年人错误信息持续影响效应的影响: 死亡态度和健康焦虑的作用. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19 (3): 389- 395.
	李艳红, 刘佳诺. 人们为什么相信假新闻: 对“假新闻信念”的认知心理学解释. 新闻界, 2022, (8): 14- 26.
	卢超. (2017). 社会新闻的采编策略. 西部广播电视, (6), 55, 60.
	年度虚假新闻研究课题组, 白红义, 曹诗语, 陈斌. 2020年虚假新闻研究报告. 新闻记者, 2021, (1): 23- 37.
	汪祚军, 欧创巍, 李纾. 整合模型还是占优启发式模型? 从齐当别模型视角进行的检验. 心理学报, 2010, 42 (8): 821- 833.
	杨志. 热点新闻的特性认知和价值判断. 青年记者, 2023, (11): 36- 37.
	Ecker, U. K. H., Lewandowsky, S., Cook, J., Schmid, P., Fazio, L. K., Brashier, N., … Amazeen, M. A.. The psychological drivers of misinformation belief and its resistance to correction. Nature Reviews Psychology, 2022, 1 (1): 13- 29.
	Edmunds, A., & Morris, A.. The problem of information overload in business organisations: A review of the literature. International Journal of Information Management, 2000, 20 (1): 17- 28.
	Guess, A. M., Lerner, M., Lyons, B., Montgomery, J. M., Nyhan, B., Reifler, J., & Sircar, N.. A digital media literacy intervention increases discernment between mainstream and false news in the United States and India. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020, 117 (27): 15536- 15545.
	Lazer, D. M. J., Baum, M. A., Benkler, Y., Berinsky, A. J., Greenhill, K. M., Menczer, F., … Zittrain, J. L.. The science of fake news. Science, 2018, 359 (6380): 1094- 1096.
	Lewandowsky, S., Ecker, U. K. H., & Cook, J.. Beyond misinformation: Understanding and coping with the “post-truth” era. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 2017, 6 (4): 353- 369.
	Meel, P., & Vishwakarma, D. K.. Fake news, rumor, information pollution in social media and web: A contemporary survey of state-of-the-arts, challenges and opportunities. Expert Systems with Applications, 2020, 153, 112986.
	Moravec, P. L., Minas, R. K., & Dennis, A. R.. Fake news on social media: People believe what they want to believe when it makes no sense at all. MIS Quarterly, 2019, 43 (4): 1343- 1360.
	Pennycook, G., Epstein, Z., Mosleh, M., Arechar, A. A., Eckles, D., & Rand, D. G.. Shifting attention to accuracy can reduce misinformation online. Nature, 2021, 592 (7855): 590- 595.
	Pennycook, G., McPhetres, J., Zhang, Y. H., Lu, J. G., & Rand, D. G.. Fighting COVID-19 misinformation on social media: Experimental evidence for a scalable accuracy-nudge intervention. Psychological Science, 2020, 31 (7): 770- 780.
	Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. G.. The psychology of fake news. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 2021, 25 (5): 388- 402.
	Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. G.. Accuracy prompts are a replicable and generalizable approach for reducing the spread of misinformation. Nature Communications, 2022a, 13, 2333.
	Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. G.. Nudging social media toward accuracy. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 2022b, 700 (1): 152- 164.
	Porter, E., & Wood, T. J.. The global effectiveness of fact-checking: Evidence from simultaneous experiments in Argentina, Nigeria, South Africa, and the United Kingdom. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021, 118 (37): e2104235118.
	Qiu, X. Y., Oliveira, D. F. M., Shirazi, A. S., Flammini, A., & Menczer, F.. Limited individual attention and online virality of low-quality information. Nature Human Behaviour, 2017, 1, 0132.
	Roozenbeek, J., Freeman, A. L. J., & van der Linden, S.. How accurate are accuracy-nudge interventions? A preregistered direct replication of Pennycook et al. (2020). Psychological Science, 2021, 32 (7): 1169- 1178.
	Simon, H. A., & Newell, A.. Human problem solving: The state of the theory in 1970. American Psychologist, 1971, 26 (2): 145- 159.
	Singh, K., Lima, G., Cha, M., Cha, C., Kulshrestha, J., Ahn, Y. Y., & Varol, O.. Misinformation, believability, and vaccine acceptance over 40 countries: Takeaways from the initial phase of the COVID-19 infodemic. PLoS One, 2022, 17 (2): e0263381.
	Ulitzsch, E., Pohl, S., Khorramdel, L., Kroehne, U., & von Davier, M.. A response-time-based latent response mixture model for identifying and modeling careless and insufficient effort responding in survey data. Psychometrika, 2022, 87, 593- 619.
	Vinhas, O., & Bastos, M.. Fact-checking misinformation: Eight notes on consensus reality. Journalism Studies, 2022, 23 (4): 448- 468.
	Wang, M., Rao, M. K., & Sun, Z. P.. Typology, etiology, and fact-checking: A pathological study of top fake news in China. Journalism Practice, 2022, 16 (4): 719- 737.
	Weng, L., Flammini, A., Vespignani, A., & Menczer, F.. Competition among memes in a world with limited attention. Scientific Reports, 2012, 2, 335.
	Zhang, X. C., & Ghorbani, A. A.. An overview of online fake news: Characterization, detection, and discussion. Information Processing & Management, 2020, 57 (2): 102025.

Options

文章导航

模态框（Modal）标题

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献