
汉语新词学习中的睡眠依赖性记忆巩固
收稿日期: 2024-09-06
网络出版日期: 2025-07-18
基金资助
天津市哲学社会科学规划项目(TJJX21-004)。
版权
Sleep-Associated Memory Consolidation in Chinese New Word Learning
Received date: 2024-09-06
Online published: 2025-07-18
Copyright
睡眠在离线记忆巩固中起重要作用。本研究以动物古代雅称的双字生僻真词为材料,探讨立即与延迟睡眠在汉语新词语义学习中的作用。41名大学生被分为夜晚学习的睡眠−清醒组和清晨学习的清醒−睡眠组,并在学习后进行立即、12h和24h的三次测试。结果显示,在外显测试任务中,睡眠−清醒组在12h后的成绩提升(vs.立即)大于清醒−睡眠组,即立即睡眠有助于巩固记忆,其优势在定义任务中保持至24h;而清醒−睡眠组在24h的提升(vs.12h)更大,即延迟睡眠也能有效巩固记忆,且在图片命名任务中与立即睡眠作用相当。在内隐大小判断任务中,立即和延迟睡眠均促进了新词的语义整合,但方式不同。结果支持睡眠在记忆巩固中的积极巩固和被动保护的双重作用。
刘妮娜 , 孙文涛 , 于杰 , 高乾程 , 邬诗卉 . 汉语新词学习中的睡眠依赖性记忆巩固[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2025 , 23(3) : 289 -296 . DOI: 10.12139/j.1672-0628.2025.03.001
Research indicates that a prolonged period of time is needed for a new word to become integrated with the existing lexicon and generate stable and long-lasting memory representations, with sleep playing an important role in the offline consolidation of this process (known as sleep-associated memory consolidation). This study explored the effects of immediate and delayed sleep on the semantic learning of new Chinese words using rare, real ancient Chinese animal names. Forty-one university students were divided into two groups: a sleep-wake group that learned at night and a wake-sleep group that learned in the morning. Participants were tested immediately after learning, and again after 12 and 24 hours. Results showed that in the explicit word representation tasks, the sleep-wake group had greater performance improvement at the 12-hour mark (compared to immediately after learning) than the wake-sleep group, indicating that immediate sleep aids memory consolidation, with the advantage persisting for 24 hours in the definition task. However, the wake-sleep group showed greater improvement at 24 hours (compared to 12 hours), indicating that delayed sleep can also effectively consolidate memory, performing comparably to immediate sleep in the picture-naming task. In the implicit size judgment task, both immediate and delayed sleep promoted the semantic integration of new words, though in different ways. These findings support the dual role of sleep in both active consolidation and passive protection of memory.
Key words: sleep-associated memory consolidation; words learning; Chinese
|
董聪聪. (2022). 睡眠和图式对新词学习和巩固的影响(硕士学位论文). 浙江师范大学, 金华.
|
|
彭芝琳, 郑若颖, 胡晓晴, 张丹丹. 睡眠对婴幼儿学习的记忆巩固作用. 心理科学进展, 2024, 32 (2): 287- 299.
|
|
邵敬敏. (2016). 现代汉语通论 (第3版). 上海: 上海教育出版社.
|
|
孙鹏, 李雪晴, 张庆云, 尚怀乾, 凌晓丽. 睡眠对知觉与动作序列内隐学习离线巩固效应的影响. 心理学报, 2022, 54 (12): 1467- 1480.
|
|
张学新. 汉字拼义理论: 心理学对汉字本质的新定性. 华南师范大学学报(社会科学版), 2011, (4): 5- 13.
|
|
Antony, J. W., & Paller, K. A. Retrieval and sleep both counteract the forgetting of spatial information. Learning & Memory, 2018, 25 (6): 258- 263.
|
|
Basner, M., Mollicone, D., & Dinges, D. F. Validity and sensitivity of a brief psychomotor vigilance test (PVT-B) to total and partial sleep deprivation. Acta Astronautica, 2011, 69 (11–12): 949- 959.
|
|
Bates, D., Maechler, M., Bolker, B., Walker, S., Christensen, R. H. B., Singmann, H., … Boylan, R. D. (2023). lme4: Linear mixed-effects models using ‘Eigen’ and S4. Retrieved July 4, 2023, from https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/lme4/index.html
|
|
Blatter, K., & Cajochen, C. Circadian rhythms in cognitive performance: Methodological constraints, protocols, theoretical underpinnings. Physiology & Behavior, 2007, 90 (2–3): 196- 208.
|
|
Cordi, M. J., & Rasch, B. How robust are sleep-mediated memory benefits. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 2021, 67, 1- 7.
|
|
Davis, M. H., Di Betta, A. M., Macdonald, M. J. E., & Gaskell, M. G. Learning and consolidation of novel spoken words. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2009, 21 (4): 803- 820.
|
|
Davis, M. H., & Gaskell, M. G. A complementary systems account of word learning: Neural and behavioural evidence. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2009, 364 (1536): 3773- 3800.
|
|
Dumay, N., & Gaskell, M. G. Sleep-associated changes in the mental representation of spoken words. Psychological Science, 2007, 18 (1): 35- 39.
|
|
Fletcher, F. E., Knowland, V., Walker, S., Gaskell, M. G., Norbury, C., & Henderson, L. M. Atypicalities in sleep and semantic consolidation in autism. Developmental Science, 2020, 23 (3): e12906.
|
|
Green, P., & MacLeod, C. J. SIMR: An R package for power analysis of generalized linear mixed models by simulation. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2016, 7 (4): 493- 498.
|
|
Henderson, L. M., Weighall, A. R., Brown, H., & Gareth Gaskell, M. Consolidation of vocabulary is associated with sleep in children. Developmental Science, 2012, 15 (5): 674- 687.
|
|
Hoddes, E., Zarcone, V., Smythe, H., Phillips, R., & Dement, W. C. Quantification of sleepiness: A new approach. Psychophysiology, 1973, 10 (4): 431- 436.
|
|
Hulme, R. C., & Rodd, J. M. The role of sleep in learning new meanings for familiar words through stories. Journal of Cognition, 2023, 6 (1): 27.
|
|
James, E., Gaskell, M. G., & Henderson, L. M. Offline consolidation supersedes prior knowledge benefits in children’s (but not adults’) word learning. Developmental Science, 2019, 22 (3): e12776.
|
|
James, E., Gaskell, M. G., & Henderson, L. M. (2020). Sleep-dependent consolidation in children with comprehension and vocabulary weaknesses: It’ll be alright on the night? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 61(10), 1104–1115.
|
|
Lipinska, G., Stuart, B., Thomas, K. G. F., Baldwin, D. S., & Bolinger, E. Preferential consolidation of emotional memory during sleep: A meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 2019, 10, 1014.
|
|
Liu, N., Wang, X., Yan, G. L., Paterson, K. B., & Pagán, A. Eye movements of developing Chinese readers: Effects of word frequency and predictability. Scientific Studies of Reading, 2021, 25 (3): 234- 250.
|
|
Mak, M. H., & Gaskell, M. G. (2023). Effects of sleep and retrieval practice on verbal paired-associate learning across 12 and 24 hours. Retrieved August 4, 2024, from https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/phe5j_v1
|
|
McBride, C. A. Is Chinese special? Four aspects of Chinese literacy acquisition that might distinguish learning Chinese from learning alphabetic orthographies. Educational Psychology Review, 2016, 28 (3): 523- 549.
|
|
McClelland, J. L. Incorporating rapid neocortical learning of new schema-consistent information into complementary learning systems theory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2013, 142 (4): 1190- 1210.
|
|
Moyer, R. S. Comparing objects in memory: Evidence suggesting an internal psychophysics. Perception & Psychophysics, 1973, 13 (2): 180- 184.
|
|
Payne, J. D., Tucker, M. A., Ellenbogen, J. M., Wamsley, E. J., Walker, M. P., Schacter, D. L., & Stickgold, R. Memory for semantically related and unrelated declarative information: The benefit of sleep, the cost of wake. PLoS ONE, 2012, 7 (3): e33079.
|
|
Rubinsten, O., & Henik, A. Is an ant larger than a lion. Acta Psychologica, 2002, 111 (1): 141- 154.
|
|
Stickgold, R. Sleep-dependent memory consolidation. Nature, 2005, 437 (7063): 1272- 1278.
|
|
Tham, E. K. H., Lindsay, S., & Gaskell, M. G. Markers of automaticity in sleep-associated consolidation of novel words. Neuropsychologia, 2015, 71, 146- 157.
|
|
Venables, W. N., & Ripley, B. D. (2002). Random and mixed effects. In W. N. Venables & B. D. Ripley (Eds.), Modern applied statistics with S (4th ed., pp. 271–300). New York: Springer.
|
|
Yonelinas, A. P., Ranganath, C., Ekstrom, A. D., & Wiltgen, B. J. A contextual binding theory of episodic memory: Systems consolidation reconsidered. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2019, 20 (6): 364- 375.
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |