
有无代价与不公平方向对4~6岁儿童第三方惩罚的影响
收稿日期: 2025-04-19
网络出版日期: 2026-04-28
基金资助
国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA356);教育部高等学校心理学类专业教学指导委员会教育教学改革项目。
版权
The Impact of Cost Imposition and Inequity Direction on Third-Party Punishment in 4- to 6-Year-Old Children
Received date: 2025-04-19
Online published: 2026-04-28
Copyright
张雪 , 路杨 , 刘文 . 有无代价与不公平方向对4~6岁儿童第三方惩罚的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2026 , 24(2) : 212 -219 . DOI: 10.12139/j.1672-0628.2026.02.009
By using a third-party dictator game paradigm, this study examined how cost imposition (cost-free vs. costly) and inequity direction (disadvantageous vs. advantageous) influence third-party punishment and the role of negative emotions in 4- to 6-year-old children. The results showed that: 1) third-party punishment frequency increased significantly with age; 2) children exhibited significantly higher punishment rates in cost-free conditions than in costly conditions; 3) both punishment behavior and negative emotions were significantly stronger in disadvantageous inequity scenarios than in advantageous inequity scenarios, with negative emotions significantly subsided after punishment. The results indicate that cost imposition and inequity direction have a significant impact on children’s third-party punishment behavior. Children demonstrate both the maintenance of fairness norms and aversion to selfish distributions, with the latter being stronger. Children exhibit negative emotions, and third-party punishment effectively reduces children’s negative emotions.
Key words: children; third-party punishment; cost; inequity direction
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