敬畏与智慧推理：正负效价的分离机制

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2025.01.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为检验敬畏与智慧推理的关系及敬畏正负效价的分离机制，研究采取问卷调查与实验法从特质与状态层面分别探讨二者的关系及潜在机制。研究结果发现特质积极敬畏(研究1)与诱发状态积极敬畏(研究2a)均可正向预测智慧推理，也可通过平衡时间取向正向影响智慧推理。不过，特质消极敬畏(研究1)与诱发状态消极敬畏(研究2b)均不能预测智慧推理，更无法通过平衡时间取向影响智慧推理，表明消极敬畏对智慧推理的促进作用有限。敬畏对智慧推理的影响存在正负分离机制，表现为积极敬畏可预测智慧推理发展，也能通过平衡时间取向提升智慧推理水平，但消极敬畏未表现出相同模式。

关键词: 积极敬畏, 消极敬畏, 智慧推理, 平衡时间取向, 分离机制

Abstract:

To investigate the relationship between awe and wise reasoning, as well as the differential mechanism of their positive and negative valences, this study employed both questionnaire survey and experimental designs. By examining these relationships and mechanisms from the perspectives of trait and state, we found that trait positive awe (Study 1) and induced state positive awe (Study 2a) positively predicted wise reasoning and also enhanced wise reasoning through a balanced time perspective. In contrast, trait negative awe (Study 1) and induced state negative awe (Study 2b) neither predicted nor enhanced wise reasoning via a balanced time perspective, which suggests limited effects of negative awe on wise reasoning. The findings reveal a distinct mechanism through which awe influences wise reasoning. Specifically, positive awe can directly promote wise reasoning, or indirectly do so through a balanced time perspective. However, negative awe does not exhibit the same pattern. In doing so, the present study offers a comprehensive understanding of how awe can foster wise reasoning.

Key words: positive awe, negative awe, wise reasoning, balanced time perspective, differential mechanism

王笑笑, 王伊萌, 汪凤炎. 敬畏与智慧推理：正负效价的分离机制[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2025, 23(1): 17-24.

Xiaoxiao WANG, Yimeng WANG, Fengyan WANG. Awe and Wise Reasoning: The Differential Mechanism of Positive and Negative Valence[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2025, 23(1): 17-24.

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参考文献 0

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变量	M	SD	1	2	3
1.积极敬畏	5.54	0.75
2.消极敬畏	4.86	0.86	0.76***
3.平衡时间取向	31.31	7.90	0.49***	0.04
4.智慧推理	3.75	0.63	0.46***	0.09	0.43***

变量	M	SD	1	2	3
1.积极敬畏	5.54	0.75
2.消极敬畏	4.86	0.86	0.76***
3.平衡时间取向	31.31	7.90	0.49***	0.04
4.智慧推理	3.75	0.63	0.46***	0.09	0.43***

变量	M	SD	1	2
1.积极敬畏	4.83	1.85
2.平衡时间取向	36.80	5.87	0.48***
3.智慧推理	3.68	0.73	0.31***	0.53***

变量	M	SD	1	2
1.积极敬畏	4.83	1.85
2.平衡时间取向	36.80	5.87	0.48***
3.智慧推理	3.68	0.73	0.31***	0.53***

变量	F(1, 216)	p	η${_{\rm p}^2} $
情绪
生气	0.38	0.536	0.002
悲伤	0.00	1.000	0.000
敬畏	61.27	<0.001	0.221
厌恶	0.35	0.553	0.002
开心	2.91	0.090	0.013
害怕	15.69	<0.001	0.068
智慧推理	0.13	0.720	0.001
平衡时间取向	0.90	0.344	0.004