语言影响4~6岁彝、白、纳西族儿童延迟满足能力发展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用延迟满足范式，考察了彝、白、纳西族272名4~6岁儿童延迟满足能力发展。结果发现：（1）在延迟满足的"选择"阶段，三个民族95%儿童选择"延迟满足"，表现出一致选择倾向；（2）在延迟满足的"维持"阶段，4、5岁年龄组白族、纳西族儿童等待时间显著长于彝族儿童，而6岁年龄组三个民族在等待时间上未表现出显著差异；（3）加入协变量语言后，民族和年龄间主效应、民族与年龄间交互作用均不显著。研究表明，4~6岁彝、白、纳西族儿童表现出相当的价值评估能力，4~5岁的儿童延迟满足能力表现出民族差异性，而这种差异主要与其独特文化背景下形成的语言、生活历史策略等有关。

关键词: 4～6岁儿童, 少数民族, 语言, 延迟满足

Abstract: The study adopted the standard paradigm of delayed gratification to investigate developmental characteristic and cross-cultural comparison. There is 272 participants, aged from 4 to 6 years old. The results showed that, 1) at the selection stage of delayed gratification, three ethnic showed the same tendency of choice,more than 95% participants choose "delay of gratification"; 2) At the maintain stage of delayed gratification,At aged of 4~5 years old,the waiting time of Bai and Naxi ethnic were significantly longer than Yi; at age of 6 years old, three minorities had no significant difference; 3) Covariance analysis showed that main minority effect was not significant, the main age effect was not significant, and the interaction between minority and age were not significant, with treating language as concomitant variable. On the whole, these results indicate that Yi, Bai, Naxi children age from 4 to 6 years showed considerable value evaluation ability, but the ability of delayed gratification showed the ethnic differences at age from 4 to 5 years old. Results suggest that children's language and their own life history strategies may account for the difference on delay gratification.

Key words: 4 to 6 years old children, ethnic minority, language, delayed gratification

中图分类号:

B844.1

李泉, 宋武, 廉彬, 冯廷勇. 语言影响4~6岁彝、白、纳西族儿童延迟满足能力发展[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2018, 16(5): 657-664.

LI Quan, SONG Wu, LIAN Bin, FENG Tingyong. Language Impacts the Development of Delayed Gratification Among the Yi, Bai and Naxi Ethnic on 4~6 Years Old[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2018, 16(5): 657-664.

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