中老年人线上社会参与和抑郁症状的关系：基于自我决定理论

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2023.01.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为考察中老年人线上社会参与和抑郁症状的关系及其内在机制，采用老年人社交网络量表、流调中心抑郁量表、基本心理需求满足量表和社会网络量表对1063名50岁及以上城市中老年人进行调查。结果表明：(1)中老年人线上社会参与显著负向预测抑郁症状；(2)自主、胜任、关系需求满足在线上社会参与和抑郁症状之间起完全中介作用；(3)社会网络规模调节了“线上社会参与−基本心理需求满足−抑郁症状”这一中介效应的前半段路径。

关键词: 线上社会参与, 基本心理需求满足, 抑郁症状, 社会网络规模, 中老年人

Abstract:

This study aimed to explore the relationship between online social participation and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older adults and its underlying mechanism. A total of 1063 urban middle-aged and older adults aged 50 and above completed a set of questionnaires including SNS Older Adults Measure, Short Form of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction Scale and Social Network Scale. The results showed that: 1) online social participation had a significant negative prediction on depression symptoms in middle-aged and older adults; 2) autonomy, competence and relatedness needs satisfaction played complete mediating roles in the relationship between online social participation and depressive symptoms; 3) the first half path of the mediating effect of “online social participation - basic psychological need satisfaction - depressive symptoms” was moderated by social network size.

Key words: online social participation, basic psychological need satisfaction, depressive symptoms, social network size, middle-aged and older adults

中图分类号:

B844

丁轶飞, 陈兰双, 张镇. 中老年人线上社会参与和抑郁症状的关系：基于自我决定理论[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2023, 21(1): 86-93.

Yifei DING, Lanshuang CHEN, Zhen ZHANG. The Relationship Between Online Social Participation and Depressive Symptoms in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Based on Self-Determination Theory[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2023, 21(1): 86-93.

图/表 8

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变量		人数	M±SD	t/F	p	LSD事后检验
性别	男	694	54.04±10.49	4.63	<0.001
性别	女	369	57.09±9.78	4.63	<0.001
婚姻状况	无配偶	133	53.68±12.45	1.43	0.154
婚姻状况	有配偶	930	55.30±10.00	1.43	0.154
年龄	① 50～54岁	43	53.98±8.72	5.67	<0.001	⑦<①, ②, ③, ④, ⑤, ⑥
	② 55～59岁	158	56.51±9.40
	③ 60～64岁	419	54.69±9.35
	④ 65～69岁	268	55.70±10.75
	⑤ 70～74岁	100	56.20±10.76
	⑥ 75～79岁	39	56.23±12.26
	⑦ 80岁及以上	36	46.22±15.62
受教育程度	① 小学或以下	30	44.30±16.79	15.12	<0.001	④>①, ②⑤>①, ②
	② 初中	192	52.37±12.16
	③ 高中或中专	269	55.15±10.26
	④ 大专	311	56.45±8.32
	⑤ 本科及以上	261	56.68±9.08
家庭年收入	① 1万以下	168	54.27±11.06	3.17	<0.05	④>②⑤>①, ②, ③
	② 1～5万	274	53.93±10.74
	③ 5～8万	281	54.83±10.53
	④ 8～12万	180	56.40±10.08
	⑤ 12万以上	160	56.99±8.39
自评健康	① 很不健康	60	48.23±13.00	12.27	<0.001	④>①, ②, ③⑤>①, ②, ③
	② 不太健康	106	53.13±10.06
	③ 一般	461	54.64±10.52
	④ 比较健康	380	58.36±11.79
	⑤ 很健康	56	55.10±10.35

变量		人数	M±SD	t/F	p	LSD事后检验
性别	男	694	54.04±10.49	4.63	<0.001
性别	女	369	57.09±9.78	4.63	<0.001
婚姻状况	无配偶	133	53.68±12.45	1.43	0.154
婚姻状况	有配偶	930	55.30±10.00	1.43	0.154
年龄	① 50～54岁	43	53.98±8.72	5.67	<0.001	⑦<①, ②, ③, ④, ⑤, ⑥
	② 55～59岁	158	56.51±9.40
	③ 60～64岁	419	54.69±9.35
	④ 65～69岁	268	55.70±10.75
	⑤ 70～74岁	100	56.20±10.76
	⑥ 75～79岁	39	56.23±12.26
	⑦ 80岁及以上	36	46.22±15.62
受教育程度	① 小学或以下	30	44.30±16.79	15.12	<0.001	④>①, ②⑤>①, ②
	② 初中	192	52.37±12.16
	③ 高中或中专	269	55.15±10.26
	④ 大专	311	56.45±8.32
	⑤ 本科及以上	261	56.68±9.08
家庭年收入	① 1万以下	168	54.27±11.06	3.17	<0.05	④>②⑤>①, ②, ③
	② 1～5万	274	53.93±10.74
	③ 5～8万	281	54.83±10.53
	④ 8～12万	180	56.40±10.08
	⑤ 12万以上	160	56.99±8.39
自评健康	① 很不健康	60	48.23±13.00	12.27	<0.001	④>①, ②, ③⑤>①, ②, ③
	② 不太健康	106	53.13±10.06
	③ 一般	461	54.64±10.52
	④ 比较健康	380	58.36±11.79
	⑤ 很健康	56	55.10±10.35

变量	M±SD	1	2	3	4	5
1.线上社会参与	55.10±10.35
2.抑郁症状	7.24±4.23	−0.25***
3.自主需求满足	11.85±1.87	0.31***	−0.46***
4.胜任需求满足	11.10±2.14	0.39***	−0.43***	0.62***
5.关系需求满足	12.14±1.91	0.40***	−0.41***	0.56***	0.57***
6.社会网络规模	20.64±6.70	0.40***	−0.29***	0.28***	0.34***	0.36***

变量	M±SD	1	2	3	4	5
1.线上社会参与	55.10±10.35
2.抑郁症状	7.24±4.23	−0.25***
3.自主需求满足	11.85±1.87	0.31***	−0.46***
4.胜任需求满足	11.10±2.14	0.39***	−0.43***	0.62***
5.关系需求满足	12.14±1.91	0.40***	−0.41***	0.56***	0.57***
6.社会网络规模	20.64±6.70	0.40***	−0.29***	0.28***	0.34***	0.36***

路径	效应值	标准误	95%CI		相对中介效应占比(%)
路径	效应值	标准误	下限	上限	相对中介效应占比(%)
总间接效应	−0.36	0.05	−0.49	−0.28	83.72
自主需求满足	−0.16	0.04	−0.24	−0.10	37.20
胜任需求满足	−0.10	0.04	−0.18	−0.03	23.26
关系需求满足	−0.10	0.04	−0.18	−0.04	23.26