视觉空间注意定向对中小学生数字加工距离效应的影响

心理与行为研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (5): 582-588.

视觉空间注意定向对中小学生数字加工距离效应的影响

潘运¹,白学军²

1 贵州师范大学教育科学学院，贵阳 550001;
2 天津师范大学心理与行为研究院，天津 300074

收稿日期:2013-05-27 出版日期:2013-09-20 发布日期:2015-01-21
通讯作者: 白学军，男，天津师范大学心理与行为研究院教授。博士生导师，E-mail：bxuejun@126.com。
作者简介:潘运，男，贵州师范大学教育科学学院副教授。
基金资助:
*本研究得到国家自然科学基金项目（31260234）、贵州省科学技术基金项目（黔科合J字[2013]2210号）的资助。

Research on Visual-spatial Attention Orientations Affected Primary and Middle School Students’ Distance Effect of Number Processing

Pan Yun, Bai Xuejun

School of Educational Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001;
Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tanjin Normal University, Tianjin 300074

Received:2013-05-27 Online:2013-09-20 Published:2015-01-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用Posner的内源性和外源性注意定向实验范式，材料为小数（1~4）和大数（6~9）的阿拉伯数字，以判断数字是否大于5为任务，考察视觉空间注意定向对中小学生数字加工距离效应的影响。结果发现：（1）内源性线索和外源性线索条件下，中小学生在数字加工任务中所表现出来的数字距离效应随着年龄增长逐渐增大；（2）内源性和外源性有效线索提示条件下，各年级学生均表现出显著的数字距离效应；（3）内源性无效线索提示条件下，小学五年级、初中二年级和高中二年级学生均能够表现出显著的数字距离效应，但小学三年级学生的数字距离效应不明显；外源性无效线索提示条件下，小学三年级学生的大小数字距离效应不显著，小学五年级学生的小数字距离效应显著，但大数字距离效应不显著，中学生表现出明显的数字距离效应。

关键词: 内源性注意, 外源性注意, 数字距离效应, 数字加工, 中小学生。

Abstract: In the present study, Posner’s experimental paradigms of endogenous and exogenous attention orientations were used to investigate the primary and middle school students’ distance effect of number processing.The stimuli were small numbers (1~4) and large numbers (6~9) in Arabic. Subjects’ task was to decide whether the presented number was larger or smaller than 5. The results showed that: (1) in the endogenous and exogenous cues, the development of the number distance effect increased with age from primary school to senior high school under the task of number processing; (2) in valid conditions of endogenous and exogenous cues, there were significant number distance effects from primary school to senior high school students; (3) in invalid condition of endogenous cue, there were significant number distance effects in fifth grade of primary and middle school students, but not in third grade of primary school students; in invalid condition of exogenous cue, there was not significant large or small number distance effect in third grade of primary school students. The fifth grade of primary school students performed the significant small number distance effect, but not large number distance effect. Moreover, middle school students showed significant number distance effect.

Key words: endogenous attention, exogenous attention, number distance effect, number processing, primary and middle school.

中图分类号:

B842

潘运,白学军. 视觉空间注意定向对中小学生数字加工距离效应的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2013, 11(5): 582-588.

Pan Yun, Bai Xuejun. Research on Visual-spatial Attention Orientations Affected Primary and Middle School Students’ Distance Effect of Number Processing[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2013, 11(5): 582-588.

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