组间竞争对小学生合作绩效及言语互动策略的影响*

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以80名小学生为被试，采用拼图任务，对小组在竞争与非竞争情境下的合作绩效和言语互动策略进行比较。结果发现：（1）组间竞争提升了小学高年级儿童的合作效率，但对低年级儿童的合作绩效无明显影响。（2）组间竞争抑制了低年级儿童在小组合作过程中的言语沟通，而同样情境下高年级小组成员的言语沟通量显著增加。（3）组间竞争促进了高年级小组成员之间的积极言语互动。年级和情境在建议、询问、表扬、应答和指令等言语互动策略上的交互作用显著。由此可见，组间竞争对小学儿童的合作绩效和言语互动策略存在影响，但这种影响在不同年级存在差异。

关键词: 合作, 组间竞争, 合作绩效, 言语互动策略

Abstract: To explore the influence of intergroup competition on the in-group cooperative performance and interactive strategies of children who were studying in the primary school, 80 students were requested to cooperate to finish a puzzle task. We put four participants who came from the same class into a group, 8 groups were random assigned to the non-competitive situations, and 12 groups were assigned to the competitive context. Our results: 1, Intergroup competition increased the cooperative performance in the group of older students in primary. In grade 4, it was obvious that the account of puzzles accomplished in the competitive situation was more than the one in the non-competitive situation. 2, The intergroup competition played an obvious inhibition to communicative frequency in the group of younger students, but increased the communication quantity in the group of older students in primary. In grade 4, the students words in competitive situations were more than others in non-competitive situations. 3, Intergroup competition increased the active interaction in the group of older students in primary. The interaction between grade and situation had a significant influence on strategies such as advice, question, praise, response, and instruction. The trend was: in grade 2, the times of strategies used in non-competitive situations were more than the ones in competitive situations. And in grade 4, the students' interaction strategies in competitive situations were more than the ones in non-competitive situations. we draw a conclusion：Intergroup competition not only affected the group's cooperative efficiency, but also affected the members' interactive strategies, but its influence was relevant with the age of the child.

Key words: Intergroup competition, Cooperation, cooperative performance, Interactive strategy

中图分类号:

B844.1

崔丽莹,黄晓娇,陈晓梅. 组间竞争对小学生合作绩效及言语互动策略的影响^*[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2016, 14(6): 788-794.

Cui Liying, Huang Xiaojiao, Chen Xiaomei. A Study on the Influence of Intergroup Competition on Pupil's Cooperative Performance and Interactive Strategy[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2016, 14(6): 788-794.

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组间竞争对小学生合作绩效及言语互动策略的影响^*

A Study on the Influence of Intergroup Competition on Pupil's Cooperative Performance and Interactive Strategy

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