编码-提取匹配和线索负荷对部分线索效应的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 编码-提取匹配的观点指出，提取线索与编码情境的匹配程度决定回忆成绩；但辨别过程的观点认为，除了编码-提取匹配外，还需考虑线索的负荷。通过两个实验，本研究考察上述观点能否解释部分线索对记忆提取的作用机制。实验1考察编码-提取匹配对部分线索效应的影响，结果发现：不匹配部分线索诱发经典的部分线索干扰效应，匹配性部分线索则产生部分线索促进效应；实验2进一步考察编码-提取匹配和线索负荷对部分线索效应的共同作用，结果发现：编码-提取匹配和线索负荷共同决定部分线索对记忆提取的作用，高编码-提取匹配、低线索负荷条件下，被试回忆成绩最好。结果表明，部分线索对记忆提取的作用取决于部分线索是否提供了关于目标项目的辨别性信息。

关键词: 部分线索, 记忆提取, 编码-提取匹配, 线索负荷, 辨别

Abstract: The encoding-retrieval match has been established as a means to improve memory performance. It has recently been proposed that memory performance is determined by the encoding-retrieval match and that the cue overload effect needs to be taken into account when predicting memory performance. Two experiments were conducted to explore the effect of encoding-retrieval match and cue-overload on part-list cuing effect. By adopting semantic match task, Experiment 1 examined the effect of encoding-retrieval match on part-list cuing effect. On the basis of Experiment 1, Experiment 2 Examined the combined effect of encoding-retrieval match and cue-overload on part-list cuing effect. The findings show that increasing the overall encoding-retrieval match reduces the negative influence of part-list cues, which is sensitive to cue-overload; only when the part-list cues provide the diagnostic information of target items, can the memory performance be improved. The results indicates that the combined action of encoding-retrieval match and cue-overload is a better predictor of memory performance when providing part-list cues.

Key words: part-list cues, memory retrieval, encoding-retrieval match, cue overload, memory-as-discrimination

中图分类号:

B842

刘湍丽, 赵宇飞, 邢敏, 白学军. 编码-提取匹配和线索负荷对部分线索效应的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2019, 17(4): 433-441.

LIU Tuanli, ZHAO Yufei, XING Min, BAI Xuejun. The Effect of Encoding-retrieval Match and Cue Overload on Part-list Cuing Effect[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2019, 17(4): 433-441.

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