3～6岁幼儿情绪理解与社会善念的关系：一个有调节的中介模型

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2024.05.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨3～6岁幼儿社会善念的发展特点以及情绪理解、心理理论对社会善念的影响机制，采用测验法对211名3～6岁幼儿进行了调查，结果显示：(1)3～6岁幼儿社会善念发展存在显著年龄差异；(2)情绪理解显著正向预测幼儿社会善念的发展；(3)心理理论在幼儿情绪理解和社会善念之间起着部分中介作用；(4)年龄调节了心理理论中介效应的前段路径。结果表明：情绪理解通过心理理论影响社会善念，随着幼儿年龄增长，情绪理解对心理理论的预测作用增强。

关键词: 社会善念, 情绪理解, 心理理论, 3~6岁幼儿

Abstract:

A survey of 211 children aged 3~6 years old were conducted to examine the development characteristics of social mindfulness, as well as the influence mechanism between emotional understanding, theory of mind and social mindfulness. The results showed that: 1) there was a significant age difference in the development of social mindfulness in 3~6 year old children; 2) emotional understanding significantly positively predicted the development of social mindfulness; 3) theory of mind partially mediated the relation between emotional understanding and social mindfulness; 4) age moderated the first half of the mediation effect of theory of mind. These results indicate that emotional understanding affects social mindfulness through theory of mind. Furthermore, the predictive effect of emotional understanding on social mindfulness is enhanced with the increase of age.

Key words: social mindfulness, emotional understanding, theory of mind, 3~6 year old children

但菲, 马岳毅, 丛龙昊. 3～6岁幼儿情绪理解与社会善念的关系：一个有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2024, 22(5): 666-672.

Fei DAN, Yueyi MA, Longhao CONG. The Relationship Between Emotional Understanding and Social Mindfulness in 3~6 Year Old Children: A Moderated Mediation Model[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2024, 22(5): 666-672.

图/表 6

参考文献 0

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变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4
1.心理理论	1.76	1.10
2.情绪理解	2.33	0.88	0.57***
3.社会善念	2.07	1.28	0.29***	0.29***
4.社会善念感知	1.37	0.82	0.31**	0.26**	0.79**
5.社会善念选择	0.70	0.80	0.14*	0.20**	0.78**	0.24**

变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4
1.心理理论	1.76	1.10
2.情绪理解	2.33	0.88	0.57***
3.社会善念	2.07	1.28	0.29***	0.29***
4.社会善念感知	1.37	0.82	0.31**	0.26**	0.79**
5.社会善念选择	0.70	0.80	0.14*	0.20**	0.78**	0.24**

结果变量	预测变量	R	R²	F	β	t	95%CI
社会善念		0.31	0.10	11.15***
	性别				0.30	1.77	[−0.03, 0.63]
	情绪理解				0.44	4.59***	[0.25, 0.64]
心理理论		0.57	0.33	51.20***
	性别				−0.03	−0.22	[−0.28, 0.22]
	情绪理解				0.72	9.98***	[0.57, 0.86]
社会善念		0.34	0.12	9.27***
	性别				0.31	1.82	[−0.03, 0.64]
	情绪理解				0.30	2.53*	[0.06, 0.53]
	心理理论				0.21	2.26*	[0.03, 0.39]

结果变量	预测变量	R	R²	F	β	t	95%CI
社会善念		0.31	0.10	11.15***
	性别				0.30	1.77	[−0.03, 0.63]
	情绪理解				0.44	4.59***	[0.25, 0.64]
心理理论		0.57	0.33	51.20***
	性别				−0.03	−0.22	[−0.28, 0.22]
	情绪理解				0.72	9.98***	[0.57, 0.86]
社会善念		0.34	0.12	9.27***
	性别				0.31	1.82	[−0.03, 0.64]
	情绪理解				0.30	2.53*	[0.06, 0.53]
	心理理论				0.21	2.26*	[0.03, 0.39]

	Effect	BootSE	95%CI	相对效应值(%)
总效应	0.45	0.10	[0.25, 0.64]
直接效应	0.30	0.12	[0.60, 0.84]	66.29
中介效应	0.15	0.07	[0.02, 0.28]	33.71