青少年心理复原力的发展趋势及性别的作用：基于动态发展视角

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2026.03.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 心理复原力是积极心理学的研究热点，在帮助个体应对压力，促进心理健康和增强社会适应方面发挥着重要作用。本研究首次将心理复原力操作化为动态的结果变量，通过纵向追踪设计考察了青少年心理复原力的发展趋势及性别差异。研究对1789名青少年进行历时18个月共四次的追踪调查，采用潜变量增长模型分析，结果显示：(1)青少年心理复原力呈显著增长趋势；(2)在心理复原力的发展速度上，女生的发展速度显著慢于男生，而在起始水平上，男女之间的差异不显著。研究结果揭示了青少年应对压力的动态发展规律及性别差异特征，为发展关键期青少年心理复原力的培育提供了新的理论依据和实践路径。

关键词: 青少年, 心理复原力, 性别差异, 发展趋势

Abstract: Resilience, a key focus in positive psychology, plays a vital role in helping individuals cope with stress, improve mental health, and enhance social adaptation. This study was the first to operationalize resilience as a dynamic outcome variable and investigated its developmental trajectories and gender differences among Chinese adolescents using a longitudinal design. A cohort of 1789 adolescents was tracked over 18 months, with resilience assessed via self-reports at four time points. Latent growth modeling analysis revealed that: 1) adolescents’ resilience increased in a linear trajectory over time; 2) with respect to the developmental rate of resilience, boys developed significantly faster than girls, despite no gender difference at the initial levels. These findings elucidate the dynamic developmental patterns of stress-coping and gender-specific characteristics in resilience, offering novel theoretical and practical insights for fostering resilience during the critical developmental period.

Key words: adolescent, psychological resilience, gender difference, developmental trajectories

中图分类号:

B844

赵海燕, 马燕, 周爱保. 青少年心理复原力的发展趋势及性别的作用：基于动态发展视角[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2026, 24(3): 335-342.

ZHAO Haiyan, MA Yan, ZHOU Aibao. Developmental Trajectories of Adolescent Resilience and the Role of Gender: A Dynamic Developmental Approach[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2026, 24(3): 335-342.

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