心理与行为研究

›› 2006, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (4): 312-317.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

关系复杂性理论述评

张 丽 辛自强   

  1. （北京师范大学发展心理研究所，北京 100875）
  • 收稿日期:2006-06-20 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2006-12-20 发布日期:2006-12-20
  • 通讯作者: 辛自强

Review on the Theory of Relational Complexity

Zhang Li, Xin Ziqiang   

  1. (School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875)
  • Received:2006-06-20 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2006-12-20 Published:2006-12-20
  • Contact: Xin Ziqiang

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摘要： 任务复杂性的分析是发展心理学和心理测量学都非常关注的重要课题。哈尔福德等人提出了评估任务难度的关系复杂性理论，认为任务难度可由相关的变量数量即关系复杂性来确定；关系复杂性越大加工要求也越高，这时可采取概念组块和分解机制来减少复杂性；认知发展阶段可归因于随着年龄的增长能够加工的关系复杂性的增加。虽然该理论得到了很多实验证据的支持，但也存在一些不足。主要不足表现在没有区别问题难度与问题解决难度，对维度层次关系不够重视，以及一些基本的理论问题没有明确阐述。这都是今后进一步研究应解决的问题。

关键词: 任务分析, 关系复杂性, 加工能力

Abstract: The analysis of task complexity is an important subject of both developmental psychology and psychometrics. Halford et al. proposed a theory of relational complexity to interpret the essence of task difficulty. To be exact, the difficulty of task can be determined by the number of argument or dimension related, which is called the re?鄄lational complexity. The relational complexity is increased with the processing demand. We can adopt such mech?鄄anisms as conceptual chunking and segmentation to reduce the complexity. Cognitive development is due to the increase of the relational complexity with age. The problems of the theory lie in no distinguishing the ″problem difficulty″ from ″problem solving difficulty″, and paying little attention on the hierarchical relation among dimen?鄄sions and no explicit expounding some theoretical problems, which point out the direction for future study.

Key words: task analysis, relational complexity, processing capability

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