Value Occupied Quantity: Children Aged 5~10 Years’ Quantity Equality Decline and Value Equality Increase

  • ZHU Naping ,
  • WANG Wenping ,
  • LI Liqiong ,
  • LIU Yanling
Expand
  • 1. Faculty of Education, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330038;
    2. Jiangxi Bayi Nursery, Nanchang 330008;
    3. Nanchang Xihu District Xingfu Tree Kindergarten, Nanchang 330025

Received date: 2021-08-22

  Online published: 2022-03-20

Abstract

This study examined the characteristics of fair distribution of children aged 5~10 in different involvement situations by manipulating the relationship between the proportion of resource value and quantity. The results showed that: 1) after the age of 6, quantity equality declined and value equality increased; 2) the involvement situations affected the development of fair behavior of children aged 9~10, but fair cognition was not affected; 3) children’s fair cognitive development could actively guide fair behaviors, but the guidance effect was affected by involvement situations, age and gender.

Cite this article

ZHU Naping , WANG Wenping , LI Liqiong , LIU Yanling . Value Occupied Quantity: Children Aged 5~10 Years’ Quantity Equality Decline and Value Equality Increase[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022 , 20(2) : 233 -239 . DOI: 10.12139/j.1672-0628.2022.02.013

References

梁福成, 王心怡, 唐卫海. (2015). 不同分配情境下儿童公平行为的发展. 心理发展与教育, 31(6), 648–653, doi: 10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2015.06.02
刘璐, 肖雪, 刘丽莎, 徐良苑, 张旭然, 李燕芳. (2019). 儿童在不同卷入情境下基于资源价值的分配行为特点: 内群体偏爱的作用. 心理学报, 51(5), 584–597, doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2019.00584
刘文, 张雪, 张玉, 俞睿玮. (2017). 4~8岁儿童公平认知与行为差距: 社会比较的作用. 心理学报, 49(12), 1504–1512, doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2017.01504
刘文, 朱琳, 张雪, 张玉, 刘颖. (2015). 2~3岁儿童在分配情境下的公平敏感性. 心理学报, 47(11), 1341–1348, doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2015.01341
苏彦捷, 穆岩. (2004). 公平——精神道德观念还是互利合作机制. 心理学探新, 23(3), 26–29, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-5184.2004.03.006
王斯, 苏彦捷. (2013). 从理解到使用: 心理理论与儿童不同情境中的分配公平性. 心理学报, 45(11), 1242–1250, doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2013.01242
于静, 朱莉琪. (2010). 儿童公平行为的发展——来自博弈实验的证据. 心理科学进展, 18(7), 1182–1188
Baumard, N., Mascaro, O., & Chevallier, C. (2012). Preschoolers are able to take merit into account when distributing goods. Developmental Psychology, 48(2), 492–498, doi: 10.1037/a0026598.
Bear, A., & Rand, D. G. (2016). Intuition, deliberation, and the evolution of cooperation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 113(4), 936–941, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1517780113.
Chernyak, N., Harris, P. L., & Cordes, S. (2019). Explaining early moral hypocrisy: Numerical cognition promotes equal sharing behavior in preschool-aged children. Developmental Science, 22(1), e12695, doi: 10.1111/desc.12695.
Chernyak, N., & Kushnir, T. (2013). Giving preschoolers choice increases sharing behavior. Psychological Science, 24(10), 1971–1979, doi: 10.1177/0956797613482335.
Chernyak, N., Sandham, B., Harris, P. L., & Cordes, S. (2016). Numerical cognition explains age-related changes in third-party fairness. Developmental Psychology, 52(10), 1555–1562, doi: 10.1037/dev0000196.
Chernyak, N., & Sobel, D. M. (2016). Equal but not always fair: Value-laden sharing in preschool-aged children. Social Development, 25(2), 340–351, doi: 10.1111/sode.12136.
Dawkins, M. B., Sloane, S., & Baillargeon, R. (2019). Do infants in the first year of life expect equal resource allocations. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 116, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00116.
DeScioli, P., & Kurzban, R. (2013). A solution to the mysteries of morality. Psychological Bulletin, 139(2), 477–496, doi: 10.1037/a0029065.
Deutsch, M. (1975). Equity, equality, and need: What determines which value will be used as the basis of distributive justice. Journal of Social Issues, 31(3), 137–149, doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1975.tb01000.x.
Kenward, B., & Dahl, M. (2011). Preschoolers distribute scarce resources according to the moral valence of recipients’ previous actions. Developmental Psychology, 47(4), 1054–1064, doi: 10.1037/a0023869.
Li, J., Wang, W., Yu, J., & Zhu, L. Q. (2016). Young children’s development of fairness preference. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1274, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01274.
McAuliffe, K., Blake, P. R., Steinbeis, N., & Warneken, F. (2017). The developmental foundations of human fairness. Nature Human Behaviour, 1(2), 0042, doi: 10.1038/s41562-016-0042.
Olson, K. R., & Spelke, E. S. (2008). Foundations of cooperation in young children. Cognition, 108(1), 222–231, doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2007.12.003.
Rand, D. G., Brescoll, V. L., Everett, J. A. C., Capraro, V., & Barcelo, H. (2016). Social heuristics and social roles: Intuition favors altruism for women but not for men. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 145(4), 389–396, doi: 10.1037/xge0000154.
Rochat, P., Dias, M. D. G., Guo, L. P., Broesch, T., Passos-Ferreira, C., Winning, A., & Berg, B. (2009). Fairness in distributive justice by 3- and 5-year-olds across seven cultures. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 40(3), 416–442, doi: 10.1177/0022022109332844.
Shaw, A., DeScioli, P., & Olson, K. R. (2012). Fairness versus favoritism in children. Evolution and Human Behavior, 33(6), 736–745, doi: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2012.06.001.
Sheskin, M., Nadal, A., Croom, A., Mayer, T., Nissel, J., & Bloom, P. (2016). Some equalities are more equal than others: Quality equality emerges later than numerical equality. Child Development, 87(5), 1520–1528, doi: 10.1111/cdev.12544.
Shinohara, A., Kanakogi, Y., Okumura, Y., & Kobayashi, T. (2021). Children manage their reputation by caring about gossip. Social Development, 1–11. doi: 10.1111/sode.12548.
Smith, C. E., Blake, P. R., & Harris, P. L. (2013). I should but I won’t: Why young children endorse norms of fair sharing but do not follow them. PLoS One, 8(3), e59510, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059510.
Wang, Y., & Henderson, A. M. E. (2018). Just rewards: 17-month-old infants expect agents to take resources according to the principles of distributive justice. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 172, 25–40, doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2018.02.008.
Zhao, L., Sun, W. J., Jia, X. Y., He, X. X., Liu, Y., Lee, K., … Heyman, G. D. (2019). Young children selectively ignore quality to promote self-interest. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 188, 104679, doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2019.104679.
Ziv, T., & Sommerville, J. A. (2017). Developmental differences in infants’ fairness expectations from 6 to 15 months of age. Child Development, 88(6), 1930–1951, doi: 10.1111/cdev.12674.
Outlines

/

Copyright © Editorial office of Studies of Psychology and Behavior
Tel: 022-23540231, 23541213 E-mail: psybeh@126.com