?

The Influence of Positive Moral Emotions on Sharing Behavior in 3- to 5-Year-Old Children

  • Shuyue ZHANG ,
  • Feng ZHAO ,
  • Junqing HUANG ,
  • Chunhua PENG ,
  • Junli WANG
Expand
  • 1. Faculty of Education, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541006
    2. Guangxi University and College Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Applied Psychology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541006

Received date: 2021-12-20

  Online published: 2024-05-13

Copyright

, 2024, Copyright reserved © 2024.

Abstract

Sharing behavior plays a crucial role in promoting positive social adaptation among children. Previous studies have demonstrated that negative moral emotions enhanced children’s sharing behavior; however, the influence of positive moral emotions on such behavior remains to be explored. This study employed two priming paradigms (imaginative and actual priming) to investigate the influence of positive moral emotions on sharing behavior in children aged 3 to 5 years old. The results showed that: 1) children experiencing induced positive moral emotions demonstrated significantly increased sharing behaviors compared to the control group; 2) age-related difference in sharing behavior was evident, with 5-year-old children exhibiting more sharing behaviors than 3-year-old children.

Cite this article

Shuyue ZHANG , Feng ZHAO , Junqing HUANG , Chunhua PENG , Junli WANG . The Influence of Positive Moral Emotions on Sharing Behavior in 3- to 5-Year-Old Children[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2024 , 22(1) : 79 -85 . DOI: 10.12139/j.1672-0628.2024.01.011

References

陈英和, 白柳, 李龙凤. 道德情绪的特点、发展及其对行为的影响. 心理与行为研究, 2015, 13 (5): 627- 636.
  黄玺, 梁宏宇, 李放, 陈世民, 王巍欣, 林妙莲, 郑雪. (2018). 道德提升感: 一种提升道德情操的积极道德情绪. 心理科学进展, 26(7), 1253–1263.
  刘秀丽. 学前儿童心理理论及欺骗发展的关系研究. 心理发展与教育, 2005, 21 (4): 13- 18.
  任海霞, 崔丽莹. (2018). 国外儿童的道德情绪研究与教育启示. 外国中小学教育, (4), 30–35, 10.
  任俊, 高肖肖. 道德情绪: 道德行为的中介调节. 心理科学进展, 2011, 19 (8): 1224- 1232.
  汤明, 李伟强, 刘福会, 袁博. 内疚与亲社会行为的关系: 来自元分析的证据. 心理科学进展, 2019, 27 (5): 773- 788.
  张姝玥, 赵峰, 彭春花, 王军利, 徐科朋. 积极道德情绪和年龄对3~5岁幼儿安慰行为的影响. 心理科学, 2021, 44 (3): 575- 582.
  赵章留, 寇彧. 儿童四种典型亲社会行为发展的特点. 心理发展与教育, 2006, 22 (1): 117- 121.
  Algoe, S. B., & Haidt, J.. Witnessing excellence in action: The ‘other-praising’ emotions of elevation, gratitude, and admiration. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 2009, 4 (2): 105- 127.
  Beier, J. S., Gross, J. T., Brett, B. E., Stern, J. A., Martin, D. R., & Cassidy, J.. Helping, sharing, and comforting in young children: Links to individual differences in attachment. Child Development, 2019, 90 (2): e273- e289.
  Berndsen, M., & Feather, N. T.. Reflecting on schadenfreude: Serious consequences of a misfortune for which one is not responsible diminish previously expressed schadenfreude; the role of immorality appraisals and moral emotions. Motivation and Emotion, 2016, 40 (6): 895- 913.
  Brownell, C. A., Iesue, S. S., Nichols, S. R., & Svetlova, M.. Mine or yours? Development of sharing in toddlers in relation to ownership understanding. Child Development, 2013, 84 (3): 906- 920.
  Davidov, M., Vaish, A., Knafo-Noam, A., & Hastings, P. D.. The motivational foundations of prosocial behavior from a developmental perspective-evolutionary roots and key psychological mechanisms: Introduction to the special section. Child Development, 2016, 87 (6): 1655- 1667.
  Drummond, J. D. K., Hammond, S. I., Satlof-Bedrick, E., Waugh, W. E., & Brownell, C. A.. Helping the one you hurt: Toddlers’ rudimentary guilt, shame, and prosocial behavior after harming another. Child Development, 2017, 88 (4): 1382- 1397.
  Eisenberg, N.. Emotion, regulation, and moral development. Annual Review of Psychology, 2000, 51, 665- 697.
  Eisenberg, N., Spinrad, T. L., & Sadovsky, A. (2006). Empathy-related responding in children. In M. Killen & J. G. Smetana (Eds.), Handbook of moral development (pp. 517–549). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  Fredrickson, B. L.. The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 2001, 56 (3): 218- 226.
  Gummerum, M., Hanoch, Y., & Keller, M.. When child development meets economic game theory: An interdisciplinary approach to investigating social development. Human Development, 2008, 51 (4): 235- 261.
  Gummerum, M., Hanoch, Y., Keller, M., Parsons, K., & Hummel, A.. Preschoolers’ allocations in the dictator game: The role of moral emotions. Journal of Economic Psychology, 2010, 31 (1): 25- 34.
  Haidt, J. (2003). Elevation and the positive psychology of morality. In C. L. M. Keyes & J. Haidt (Eds.), Flourishing: Positive psychology and the life well-lived (pp. 275–289). Washington DC: American Psychological Association.
  Hamann, K., Warneken, F., Greenberg, J. R., & Tomasello, M.. Collaboration encourages equal sharing in children but not in chimpanzees. Nature, 2011, 476 (7360): 328- 331.
  Hart, D., & Matsuba, M. K. (2007). The development of pride and moral life. In J. L. Tracy, R. W. Robins, & J. P. Tangney (Eds.), The self-conscious emotions: Theory and research (pp. 114–133). New York: The Guilford Press.
  Johnston, M., & Krettenauer, T.. Moral self and moral emotion expectancies as predictors of anti- and pro-social behaviour in adolescence: A case for mediation. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2011, 8 (2): 228- 243.
  Knafo, A., & Plomin, R.. Prosocial behavior from early to middle childhood: Genetic and environmental influences on stability and change. Developmental Psychology, 2006, 42 (5): 771- 786.
  Krettenauer, T., & Johnston, M.. Positively versus negatively charged moral emotion expectancies in adolescence: The role of situational context and the developing moral self. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2011, 29 (3): 475- 488.
  Krettenauer, T., Malti, T., & Sokol, B. W.. The development of moral emotion expectancies and the happy victimizer phenomenon: A critical review of theory and application. International Journal of Developmental Science, 2008, 2 (3): 221- 235.
  Malti, T., Peplak, J., & Acland, E. (2020). Emotional experiences in moral contexts: Developmental perspectives. In L. A. Jensen (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of moral development: An interdisciplinary perspective (pp. 244–263). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  Mascolo, M. F., & Fischer, K. W. (1995). Developmental transformations in appraisals for pride, shame, and guilt. In J. P. Tangney & K. W. Fischer (Eds.), Self-conscious emotions: The psychology of shame, guilt, embarrassment, and pride (pp. 64–113). New York: The Guilford Press.
  Ongley, S. F., & Malti, T.. The role of moral emotions in the development of children’s sharing behavior. Developmental Psychology, 2014, 50 (4): 1148- 1159.
  Sabato, H., & Eyal, T.. Proud to help when I should: Children’s positive emotions following sharing decisions with a needy versus not-needy other. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2022, 219, 105400.
  Shlefer, S., & Kogut, T.. How did it feel? Affect as a feedback system in repeated donation decisions. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2021, 97, 104203.
  Tangney, J. P., Stuewig, J., & Mashek, D. J.. Moral emotions and moral behavior. Annual Review of Psychology, 2007, 58, 345- 372.
  Tignor, S. M., & Colvin, C. R.. The interpersonal adaptiveness of dispositional guilt and shame: A meta-analytic investigation. Journal of Personality, 2017, 85 (3): 341- 363.
  Vaish, A., Carpenter, M., & Tomasello, M.. Sympathy through affective perspective taking and its relation to prosocial behavior in toddlers. Developmental Psychology, 2009, 45 (2): 534- 543.
  van de Vyver, J., & Abrams, D.. Testing the prosocial effectiveness of the prototypical moral emotions: Elevation increases benevolent behaviors and outrage increases justice behaviors. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2015, 58, 23- 33.
  Vonk, J., Jett, S. E., Tomeny, T. S., Mercer, S. H., & Cwikla, J.. Young children’s theory of mind predicts more sharing with friends over time. Child Development, 2020, 91 (1): 63- 77.
  Weltzien, S., Marsh, L. E., & Hood, B.. Thinking of me: Self-focus reduces sharing and helping in seven- to eight-year-olds. PLoS One, 2018, 13 (1): e0189752.
  Yu, J., Zhu, L. Q., & Leslie, A. M.. Children’s sharing behavior in mini-dictator games: The role of in-group favoritism and theory of mind. Child Development, 2016, 87 (6): 1747- 1757.
  Zhang, H. Y., Chen, S. S., Wang, R., Jiang, J., Xu, Y., & Zhao, H. H.. How upward moral comparison influences prosocial behavioral intention: Examining the mediating role of guilt and the moderating role of moral identity. Frontiers in Psychology, 2017, 8, 1554.
Options
Outlines

/

Copyright © Editorial office of Studies of Psychology and Behavior
Tel: 022-23540231, 23541213 E-mail: psybeh@126.com