歧视知觉对留守青少年攻击行为的影响：多重中介效应分析

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2022.03.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为考察歧视知觉对留守青少年攻击行为的影响及其作用机制，采用问卷法对662名留守中学生进行调查。结果表明：（1）歧视知觉、抑郁、愤怒、道德推脱与攻击行为两两显著正相关。（2）歧视知觉不能直接影响留守青少年攻击行为，但存在四条显著的间接路径：愤怒的简单中介作用；道德推脱的简单中介作用；抑郁和道德推脱的链式中介作用；愤怒和道德推脱的链式中介作用。因此，抑郁、愤怒和道德推脱在歧视知觉与留守青少年攻击行为之间起多重中介作用。

关键词: 歧视知觉, 抑郁, 愤怒, 道德推脱, 攻击行为

Abstract: To investigate the relationship between perceived discrimination and left-behind adolescents’ aggression and its inner mechanism, 662 left-behind middle school students were recruited to complete relevant questionnaires. Results showed that: 1) Perceived discrimination, depression, anger, moral disengagement and aggression were positively correlated with each other. 2) Perceived discrimination could not directly affect left-behind adolescents’ aggression, but could indirectly affect it through four paths: the separate mediating effect of anger; the separate mediating effect of moral disengagement; the chain mediating effect of depression and moral disengagement; and the chain mediating effect of anger and moral disengagement. In conclusion, depression, anger and moral disengagement play the multiple chain mediation roles in the relationship between perceived discrimination and left-behind adolescents’ aggression.

Key words: perceived discrimination, depression, anger, moral disengagement, aggression

中图分类号:

B844

丁倩, 罗星雨. 歧视知觉对留守青少年攻击行为的影响：多重中介效应分析[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(3): 346-352.

DING Qian, LUO Xingyu. Influence of Perceived Discrimination on Left-Behind Adolescents’ Aggression: The Multiple Mediating Effect Analysis[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(3): 346-352.

参考文献

陈益专, 唐海波, 蒲唯丹. (2018). 品行障碍青少年冲动性人格在抑郁与攻击行为间的中介作用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 26(4), 716–720
戴斌荣. (2012). 农村留守儿童的心理特点及教育对策. 教育理论与实践, 32(5), 44–47
丁倩, 罗星雨. (2022). 歧视知觉对留守青少年自伤的影响: 愤怒的中介作用及性别差异. 信阳师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版), 42(1), 87–92
傅王倩, 张磊, 王达. (2016). 初中留守儿童歧视知觉及其与问题行为的关系: 社会支持的中介作用. 中国特殊教育, (1), 42–47
龚栩, 谢熹瑶, 徐蕊, 罗跃嘉. (2010). 抑郁?焦虑?压力量表简体中文版(DASS-21)在中国大学生中的测试报告. 中国临床心理学杂志, 18(4), 443–446
李董平, 许路, 鲍振宙, 陈武, 苏小慧, 张微. (2015). 家庭经济压力与青少年抑郁: 歧视知觉和亲子依恋的作用. 心理发展与教育, 31(3), 342–349
李献云, 费立鹏, 张亚利, 牛雅娟, 童永胜, 杨少杰. (2011). Buss和Perry攻击问卷中文版的修订和信效度. 中国神经精神疾病杂志, 37(10), 607–613
梁静, 张耀华. (2020). 青少年羞耻易感性与攻击行为的关系: 责备外化、敌意和愤怒的中介作用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 28(4), 840–845
刘铁川, 金小灵, 赵玉. (2021). 歧视知觉与贫困大学生攻击行为的关系: 相对剥夺感与核心自我评价的链式中介作用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 29(5), 1036−1039, 1044.
刘霞, 赵景欣, 师保国. (2011). 歧视知觉的影响效应及其机制. 心理发展与教育, 27(2), 216–223
潘清泉, 周宗奎. (2010). 儿童道德脱离量表的初步修订. 中国临床心理学杂志, 18(2), 165–167
桑标, 邓欣媚. (2015). 中国青少年情绪调节的发展特点. 心理发展与教育, 31(1), 37–43
苏志强, 张大均, 邵景进. (2015). 社会经济地位与留守儿童社会适应的关系: 歧视知觉的中介作用. 心理发展与教育, 31(2), 212–219
孙丽君, 杜红芹, 牛更枫, 李俊一, 胡祥恩. (2017). 心理虐待与忽视对青少年攻击行为的影响: 道德推脱的中介与调节作用. 心理发展与教育, 33(1), 65–75
王露璐, 李明建. (2014). 农村留守儿童道德教育的现状与思考. 教育研究与实验, (6), 41–44
王芃, 王忠军, 李松锴. (2013). 好人也会做坏事: 有限道德视角下的不道德行为. 心理科学进展, 21(8), 1502–1511
谢其利, 宛蓉, 张睿, 江光荣. (2016). 歧视知觉与农村贫困大学生孤独感: 核心自我评价、朋友支持的中介作用. 心理发展与教育, 32(5), 614–622
余青云, 王文超, 伍新春, 田雨馨. (2021). 创伤暴露对青少年暴力行为和自杀意念的影响: 创伤后应激障碍和抑郁的中介作用. 心理发展与教育, 37(1), 101–108
余青云, 张静. (2018). 拒绝敏感性和抑郁在贫困大学生歧视知觉与攻击行为间的中介作用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 26(6), 1100–1103
赵景欣, 刘霞. (2010). 农村留守儿童的抑郁和反社会行为: 日常积极事件的保护作用. 心理发展与教育, 26(6), 634–640
赵景欣, 刘霞, 张文新. (2013). 同伴拒绝、同伴接纳与农村留守儿童的心理适应: 亲子亲合与逆境信念的作用. 心理学报, 45(7), 797–810
Agnew, R. (1992). Foundation for a general strain theory of crime and delinquency. Criminology, 30(1), 47–88, doi: 10.1111/j.1745-9125.1992.tb01093.x.
Anderson, C. A., & Bushman, B. J. (2002). Human aggression. Annual Review of Psychology, 53(1), 27–51, doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135231.
Bandura, A. (1999). Moral disengagement in the perpetration of inhumanities. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 3(3), 193–209, doi: 10.1207/s15327957pspr0303_3.
Bandura, A. (2002). Selective moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency. Journal of Moral Education, 31(2), 101–119, doi: 10.1080/0305724022014322.
Berkowitz, L. (1989). Frustration-aggression hypothesis: Examination and reformulation. Psychological Bulletin, 106(1), 59–73, doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.106.1.59.
Beyers, J. M., & Loeber, R. (2003). Untangling developmental relations between depressed mood and delinquency in male adolescents. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 31(3), 247–266, doi: 10.1023/A:1023225428957.
Bridewell, W. B., & Chang, E. C. (1997). Distinguishing between anxiety, depression, and hostility: Relations to anger-in, anger-out, and anger control. Personality and Individual Differences, 22(4), 587–590, doi: 10.1016/S0191-8869(96)00224-3.
Byrne, D. G. (1976). Vigilance and arousal in depressive states. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 15(3), 267–274, doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1976.tb00034.x.
Caprara, G. V., Alessandri, G., Tisak, M. S., Paciello, M., Caprara, M. G., Gerbino, M., & Fontaine, R. G. (2013). Individual differences in personality conducive to engagement in aggression and violence. European Journal of Personality, 27(3), 290–303, doi: 10.1002/per.1855.
Dollard, J., Miller, N. E., Doob, L. W., Mowrer, O. H., & Sears, R. R. (1939). Frustration and aggression. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Hansen, N., & Sassenberg, K. (2006). Does social identification harm or serve as a buffer? The impact of social identification on anger after experiencing social discrimination. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32(7), 983–996, doi: 10.1177/0146167206287639.
Hartshorn, K. J. S., Whitbeck, L. B., & Hoyt, D. R. (2012). Exploring the relationships of perceived discrimination, anger, and aggression among North American indigenous adolescents. Society and Mental Health, 2(1), 53–67, doi: 10.1177/2156869312441185.
Hu, H. W., Gao, J. M., Jiang, H. C., Jiang, H. X., Guo, S. Y., Chen, K., .. Qi, Y. Y. (2018). A comparative study of behavior problems among left-behind children, migrant children and local children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(4), 655, doi: 10.3390/ijerph15040655.
Jiang, S., & Dong, L. (2020). The effects of teacher discrimination on depression among migrant adolescents: Mediated by school engagement and moderated by poverty status. Journal of Affective Disorders, 275, 260–267, doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.029.
Johnson, K. A., Johnson, J. E., & Petzel, T. P. (1992). Social anxiety, depression, and distorted cognitions in college students. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 11(2), 181–195, doi: 10.1521/jscp.1992.11.2.181.
Kiriakidis, S. P. (2008). Moral disengagement: Relation to delinquency and independence from indices of social dysfunction. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 52(5), 571–583, doi: 10.1177/0306624X07309063.
Koenig, A. L., Cicchetti, D., & Rogosch, F. A. (2004). Moral development: The association between maltreatment and young children’s prosocial behaviors and moral transgressions. Social Development, 13(1), 87–106, doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9507.2004.00258.x.
Kofler, M. J., McCart, M. R., Zajac, K., Ruggiero, K. J., Saunders, B. E., & Kilpatrick, D. G. (2011). Depression and delinquency covariation in an accelerated longitudinal sample of adolescents. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 79(4), 458–469, doi: 10.1037/a0024108.
Leadbeater, B. J., & Homel, J. (2015). Irritable and defiant sub-dimensions of ODD: Their stability and prediction of internalizing symptoms and conduct problems from adolescence to young adulthood. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 43(3), 407–421, doi: 10.1007/s10802-014-9908-3.
Mulvey, K. L., G?nülta?, S., Hope, E. C., Hoffman, A. J., DiStefano, C., Irvin, M. J., & Carlson, R. (2021). The complex nature of youth aggression: Relations between cognition, discrimination, and peer perceptions of bullying involvement. Youth & Society, 53(6), 979–1000.
Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Wisco, B. E., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2008). Rethinking rumination. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(5), 400–424, doi: 10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00088.x.
Paciello, M., Fida, R., Tramontano, C., Lupinetti, C., & Caprara, G. V. (2008). Stability and change of moral disengagement and its impact on aggression and violence in late adolescence. Child Development, 79(5), 1288–1309, doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2008.01189.x.
Pelton, J., Gound, M., Forehand, R., & Brody, G. (2004). The Moral Disengagement Scale: Extension with an American minority sample. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26(1), 31–39, doi: 10.1023/B:JOBA.0000007454.34707.a5.
Russell, J. A., & Mehrabian, A. (1974). Distinguishing anger and anxiety in terms of emotional response factors. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42(1), 79–83, doi: 10.1037/h0035915.
Wolff, J. C., & Ollendick, T. H. (2006). The comorbidity of conduct problems and depression in childhood and adolescence. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 9(3−4), 201−220.
Wu, X. Y., Qi, J. J., & Zhen, R. (2021). Bullying victimization and adolescents’ social anxiety: Roles of shame and self-esteem. Child Indicators Research, 14(2), 769–781, doi: 10.1007/s12187-020-09777-x.
Xiong, R. S., Xia, Y. W., & Li, S. D. (2021). Perceived discrimination and aggression among Chinese migrant adolescents: A moderated mediation model. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 651270, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.651270.
Zuroff, D. C., Mongrain, M., & Santor, D. A. (2004). Conceptualizing and measuring personality vulnerability to depression: Comment on Coyne and Whiffen (1995). Psychological Bulletin, 130(3), 489–511, doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.130.3.489

[1]	张鹏程, 李喜, 桑宇杰, 陈宁. 神经质人格对中小学生抑郁的影响：班级环境的跨层调节作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(5): 637-643.
[2]	罗芮, 赵云燕, 何然, 王耘, 陈福美. 二孩家庭父母偏爱的特点及其与青少年抑郁的关系[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(5): 657-664.
[3]	余益兵, 于家伟, 李艳如, 杜宜展. 农村留守儿童领悟家庭支持、朋友支持与抑郁的交叉滞后分析[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(4): 472-478.
[4]	邢晓沛, 焦梦涵, 肖宇苑, 胡夏. 父母心理攻击与小学中高年级儿童问题行为的关系：儿童愤怒和悲伤管理的中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(4): 479-486.
[5]	王跃鹏, 孟维杰. 班级欺凌规范对初中生旁观者行为的影响：道德推脱的中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(4): 522-528.
[6]	李娇娇, 刘晓冰, 裴丹丹, 徐碧波, 尹锡杨. 情绪智力对大学生恶意创造力的影响：一个有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(4): 563-569.
[7]	李晓玫, 姜英杰, 于明阳, 袁媛, 刘芳芳. 留守儿童心理虐待与攻击行为：心理弹性和人际敏感的链式中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(3): 353-360.
[8]	郭丰波, 黄佳珊, 刘腾飞, 谷莉. 社会责任感调节群际替代性排斥中旁观者第三方惩罚[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(3): 397-403.
[9]	张馨予, 孙琦, 周广东, 李冰. 大学生进食障碍症状的潜在剖面分析及其与抑郁的关系[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(1): 73-79.
[10]	朱莹莹, 马晓晴, 唐卓仪, 杨敏齐. 睡眠类型对大学生抑郁的影响：一个有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(5): 657-664,694.
[11]	陈兰双, 宋惠敏, 董静, 赵欢, 张镇. 老年大学学员组织融入度和抑郁症状的关系及其机制探索[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(5): 706-713.
[12]	陈佩儀, 陈瑜, 杨雪岭. 中庸思维对大学生抑郁症状的影响机制：消极认知情绪调节策略的中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(4): 571-576.
[13]	朱文凤, 夏凌翔. 大学生神经质纵向预测攻击行为的时间路径模型：敌意归因偏向和愤怒沉浸的双向中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(3): 396-402.
[14]	颜志强, 李珊. 共情和抑郁的关系：同伴关系的调节作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(3): 424-430.
[15]	孙芳, 李欢欢, 包佳敏, 甄子昂, 宋巍, 蒋松源. 教师支持、同伴支持与中学生心理危机的关系：歧视知觉的中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(2): 209-215.