压倒骆驼的最后一根稻草—重要失败经历对高、低耐挫大学生挫折心理的影响

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2023.03.012

心理与行为研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (3): 374-380.DOI: 10.12139/j.1672-0628.2023.03.012

压倒骆驼的最后一根稻草—重要失败经历对高、低耐挫大学生挫折心理的影响

都旭¹^,²(), 冯萌萌², 白学军²^,*()

1. 遵义师范学院教师教育学院，遵义 563006
2. 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地天津师范大学心理与行为研究院，天津师范大学心理学部，学生心理发展与学习天津市高校社会科学实验室，天津 300387

收稿日期:2022-05-05 出版日期:2023-05-20 发布日期:2023-05-20
通讯作者: 白学军
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金重大项目(20ZDA079)

The Straw that Breaks the Camel’s Back: The Effects of Major Failure on the Frustration Levels of Undergraduates with High and Low Perseverance

Xu DU¹^,²(), Mengmeng FENG², Xuejun BAI²^,*()

1. School of Teacher Education, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi 563006
2. Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students’ Mental Development and Learning, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387

Received:2022-05-05 Online:2023-05-20 Published:2023-05-20
Contact: Xuejun BAI

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为考察重要失败经历对高、低耐挫大学生挫折心理的影响，实验1操纵高、低耐挫大学生在非常重要和较重要任务上经历失败。结果发现，与较重要任务相比，在非常重要任务上失败后，大学生有更消极的情绪和更强的成功坚信程度；低耐挫大学生有更少的坚持意愿，高耐挫大学生有更多的坚持行为。实验2操纵高、低耐挫大学生在非常重要任务上经历连续失败。结果发现，高耐挫大学生的成功坚信程度在经历连续3次、4次失败时显著下降，坚持意愿在连续3次失败时显著下降。低耐挫大学生的情绪体验和成功坚信程度在经历连续3次、5次失败时显著下降；坚持意愿在经历连续2次、4次失败时显著下降。结果表明，任务重要程度影响高、低耐挫大学生的挫折心理；高、低耐挫大学生经历连续失败时的挫折心理变化趋势不同。

关键词: 失败经历, 任务重要程度, 挫折心理, 耐挫心理

Abstract:

The current study aimed to investigate the effects of major failure on the frustration levels of undergraduates with high and low perseverance. In study 1, undergraduates with high and low perseverance were asked to complete tasks differing in importance. The results showed that undergraduates had more negative emotions and more confidence about their success when they experienced failure in the most important task. Undergraduates with low perseverance expressed less intention to persist, while undergraduates with high perseverance displayed more persistence when they experienced failure in the most important task. In study 2, undergraduates with high and low perseverance were asked to complete a task and experience consecutive failures. For undergraduates with high perseverance, the results showed that their confidence in success decreased significantly after experiencing three or four consecutive failures. Also, their intention to persist decreased significantly after experiencing three consecutive failures. For undergraduates with low perseverance, the results showed that their emotional experience and intention to persist decreased significantly after experiencing three or five consecutive failures. Also, their confidence in success decreased significantly when they experienced two or four consecutive failures. These results indicate that task importance affects the frustration levels of undergraduates with high and low perseverance. The frustration levels of undergraduates with high and low perseverance who experienced consecutive failures showed different trends.

Key words: failure experience, task importance, frustration psychology, perseverance

中图分类号:

B849

都旭, 冯萌萌, 白学军. 压倒骆驼的最后一根稻草—重要失败经历对高、低耐挫大学生挫折心理的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2023, 21(3): 374-380.

Xu DU, Mengmeng FENG, Xuejun BAI. The Straw that Breaks the Camel’s Back: The Effects of Major Failure on the Frustration Levels of Undergraduates with High and Low Perseverance[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2023, 21(3): 374-380.

图/表 3

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压倒骆驼的最后一根稻草—重要失败经历对高、低耐挫大学生挫折心理的影响

The Straw that Breaks the Camel’s Back: The Effects of Major Failure on the Frustration Levels of Undergraduates with High and Low Perseverance

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