社区绿化感知特征与老年人主观幸福感：社区依恋的中介作用和家庭亲密度的调节作用

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2023.05.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于生态系统理论，以310名60岁及以上社区居民为对象，考察社区绿化与主观幸福感关系及社会心理机制。结果发现，控制社会人口学变量后，社区绿化正向预测了主观幸福感，社区依恋完全中介了社区绿化与主观幸福感间关系，家庭亲密度调节了社区依恋在社区绿化和主观幸福感间的中介作用。结果表明，在社区管理实践层面上，改善社区绿化条件，从个体−家庭−社区层面为老年人营造适宜的就地养老环境，是积极应对老龄化和提高其生活质量的必要条件。

关键词: 社区绿化感知特征, 社区依恋, 主观幸福感, 家庭亲密度, 生态系统理论

Abstract:

Based on the ecological systems theory, this study examined the relationship between neighborhood greening and subjective well-being among 310 community residents aged 60 and over. The study also investigated the underlying psychosocial mechanisms that contribute to this relationship. The results showed that, after controlling for sociodemographic factors, neighborhood greening had a positive association with subjective well-being. Specifically, neighborhood attachment fully mediated the relationship between neighborhood greening and subjective well-being. Additionally, family cohesion moderated the mediating effect of neighborhood attachment between neighborhood greening and subjective well-being. These findings suggest that improving community greening conditions and creating a suitable environment for aging in place can significantly improve the overall quality of life for older adults at the individual, family, and community levels.

Key words: perceived characteristics of neighborhood greening, neighborhood attachment, subjective well-being, family cohesion, ecological systems theory

中图分类号:

B849

赵怡霖, 王兰爽, 陈兰双, 毛燕辉, 张镇. 社区绿化感知特征与老年人主观幸福感：社区依恋的中介作用和家庭亲密度的调节作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2023, 21(5): 682-690.

Yilin ZHAO, Lanshuang WANG, Lanshuang CHEN, Yanhui MAO, Zhen ZHANG. Perceived Characteristics of Neighborhood Greening and Subjective Well-Being of the Elderly: The Mediating Effect of Neighborhood Attachment and the Moderating Effect of Family Cohesion[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2023, 21(5): 682-690.

图/表 9

参考文献

	董慰, 娄健坤, 董禹. 社区可步行性对老年人地方依恋及就地养老意愿影响研究——以哈尔滨市香坊老工业区为例. 上海城市规划, 2020, (6): 30- 35.
	董禹, 李珍, 董慰. 生活性街道环境感知特征对居民心理健康的影响: 哈尔滨市老城区的实证研究. 中国园林, 2021, 37 (11): 45- 50.
	国家统计局. (2021). 第七次全国人口普查公报(第五号). 2022-07-11取自https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2021-05/11/content_5605787.htm
	韩冰冰, 冷红. 寒地社区绿色空间对老年人主观幸福感影响——以长春市为例. 风景园林, 2022, 29 (1): 115- 121.
	申琳琳, 张镇. 隔代教养意愿与祖辈主观幸福感的关系: 家庭亲密度与生命意义感的链式中介作用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2020, 28 (4): 834- 839.
	汪向东, 王希林, 马弘. (1999). 心理卫生评定量表手册(增订版). 北京: 中国心理卫生杂志社.
	吴艳, 温忠麟. 结构方程建模中的题目打包策略. 心理科学进展, 2011, 19 (12): 1859- 1867.
	谢涤湘, 谭俊杰, 常江. 广州市老城区老年人及青壮年的社区依恋异同研究. 城市发展研究, 2019, 26 (5): 16- 21. DOI
	杨波. (2019). 安土重迁: 中国老年人就地养老与心理福利研究. 老龄科学研究, 7(12), 9–21, 47.
	袁媛, 陈玉洁, 刘晔, 丁凯丽. 广州社区绿化环境对居民自评健康的邻里影响. 地理学报, 2021, 76 (8): 1965- 1975. DOI
	岳亚飞, 杨东峰, 徐丹. 建成环境对城市老年居民心理健康的影响机制——基于客观和感知的对比视角. 现代城市研究, 2022, (1): 6- 14. DOI
	周浩, 龙立荣. 共同方法偏差的统计检验与控制方法. 心理科学进展, 2004, 12 (6): 942- 950. DOI
	Astell-Burt, T., Navakatikyan, M. A., Walsan, R., Davis, W., Figtree, G., Arnolda, L., & Feng, X. Q.. Green space and cardiovascular health in people with type 2 diabetes. Health & Place, 2021, 69, 102554.
	Biernacka, M., & Kronenberg, J.. Classification of institutional barriers affecting the availability, accessibility and attractiveness of urban green spaces. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2018, 36, 22- 33.
	Billig, M., Kohn, R., & Levav, I.. Anticipatory stress in the population facing forced removal from the Gaza Strip. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 2006, 194 (3): 195- 200. DOI
	Bonaiuto, M., Aiello, A., Perugini, M., Bonnes, M., & Ercolani, A. P.. Multidimensional perception of residential environment quality and neighbourhood attachment in the urban environment. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 1999, 19 (4): 331- 352. DOI
	Bonaiuto, M., Fornara, F., Ariccio, S., Cancellieri, U. G., & Rahimi, L.. Perceived Residential Environment Quality Indicators (PREQIs) relevance for UN-HABITAT City Prosperity Index (CPI). Habitat International, 2015, 45, 53- 63. DOI
	Bow, V., & Buys, E. (2003). Sense of community and place attachment: The natural environment plays a vital role in developing a sense of community. In L. Buys, J. Lyddon, & R. Bradley (Eds.), Social change in the 21st century 2003 conference refereed proceedings (pp. 1–18). Brisbane, Australia: School of Humanities and Human Services QUT.
	Bronfenbrenner, U. (1992). Ecological systems theory. In R. Vasta (Ed.), Six theories of child development: Revised formulations and current issues (pp. 187–249). London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
	Carstensen, L. L.. Socioemotional selectivity theory: The role of perceived endings in human motivation. The Gerontologist, 2021, 61 (8): 1188- 1196. DOI
	Cheng, X. Y., Zhong, W., & Li, D. Q.. Urban neighborhood self-governance and community attachment: Evidence from southwest China. Cities, 2021, 112, 103128. DOI
	Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S.. The Satisfaction With Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 1985, 49 (1): 71- 75. DOI
	Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L.. Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 1999, 125 (2): 276- 302. DOI
	Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D. W., Oishi, S., & Biswas-Diener, R.. New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 2010, 97 (2): 143- 156. DOI
	Douglas, O., Lennon, M., & Scott, M. (2017). Green space benefits for health and well-being: A life-course approach for urban planning, design and management. Cities, 66, 53–62.
	Ferreira, I. A., Johansson, M., Sternudd, C., & Fornara, F.. Transport walking in urban neighbourhoods—Impact of perceived neighbourhood qualities and emotional relationship. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2016, 150, 60- 69. DOI
	Fleming, C. M., Manning, M., & Ambrey, C. L.. Crime, greenspace and life satisfaction: An evaluation of the New Zealand experience. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2016, 149, 1- 10. DOI
	Francis, J., Giles-Corti, B., Wood, L., & Knuiman, M.. Creating sense of community: The role of public space. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2012, 32 (4): 401- 409. DOI
	Han, B., Li, D. Y., & Chang, P. J.. The effect of place attachment and greenway attributes on well-being among older adults in Taiwan. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2021, 65, 127306.
	Harris, P. B., Werner, C. M., Brown, B. B., & Ingebritsen, D.. Relocation and privacy regulation: A cross-cultural analysis. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 1995, 15 (4): 311- 320. DOI
	Hernández, B., Hidalgo, M. C., Salazar-Laplace, M. E., & Hess, S.. Place attachment and place identity in natives and non-natives. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2007, 27 (4): 310- 319. DOI
	Hooyman, N. R., & Kiyak, H. A. (2002). Social gerontology: A multidisciplinary perspective (6th ed.). Boston: Pearson Education.
	Kamalipour, H., Yeganeh, A. J., & Alalhesabi, M.. Predictors of place attachment in urban residential environments: A residential complex case study. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012, 35, 459- 467. DOI
	Kasarda, J. D., & Janowitz, M.. Community attachment in mass society. American Sociological Review, 1974, 39 (3): 328- 339. DOI
	Li, F., Bai, X. W., & Wang, Y.. The Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE): Psychometric properties and normative data in a large Chinese sample. PLoS One, 2013, 8 (4): e61137. DOI
	Maas, J., Verheij, R. A., de Vries, S., Spreeuwenberg, P., Schellevis, F. G., & Groenewegen, P. P.. Morbidity is related to a green living environment. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 2009, 63 (12): 967- 973.
	Mao, Y. H., Fornara, F., Manca, S., Bonnes, M., & Bonaiuto, M.. Perceived Residential Environment Quality Indicators and neighborhood attachment: A confirmation study on a Chinese sample in Chongqing. Psych Journal, 2015, 4 (3): 123- 137. DOI
	Markevych, I., Schoierer, J., Hartig, T., Chudnovsky, A., Hystad, P., Dzhambov, A. M., ... Fuertes, E.. Exploring pathways linking greenspace to health: Theoretical and methodological guidance. Environmental Research, 2017, 158, 301- 317. DOI
	Marsh, H. W., Hau, K. T., & Wen, Z. L.. In search of golden rules: Comment on hypothesis-testing approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler’s (1999) findings. Structural Equation Modeling, 2004, 11 (3): 320- 341. DOI
	Mazumdar, S., Chong, S., Astell-Burt, T., Feng, X. Q., Morgan, G., & Jalaludin, B.. Which green space metric best predicts a lowered odds of Type 2 diabetes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021, 18 (8): 4088. DOI
	Moos, R. H., & Moos, B. S. (1981). Family environment scale manual. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
	Nasar, J. L., & Julian, D. A.. The psychological sense of community in the neighborhood. Journal of the American planning Association, 1995, 61 (2): 178- 184. DOI
	Raymond, C. M., Brown, G., & Weber, D.. The measurement of place attachment: Personal, community, and environmental connections. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2010, 30 (4): 422- 434. DOI
	Rollero, C., & De Piccoli, N.. Does place attachment affect social well-being. European Review of Applied Psychology, 2010, 60 (4): 233- 238. DOI
	Rowles, G. D.. Evolving images of place in aging and ‘Aging in Place’. Generations, 1993, 17 (2): 65- 70.
	Scannell, L., & Gifford, R.. Defining place attachment: A tripartite organizing framework. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2010, 30 (1): 1- 10. DOI
	Spokane, A. R., Mori, Y., & Martinez, F.. Housing arrays following disasters: Social vulnerability considerations in designing transitional communities. Environment and Behavior, 2013, 45 (7): 887- 911. DOI
	Stigsdotter, U. K., Ekholm, O., Schipperijn, J., Toftager, M., Kamper-Jørgensen, F., & Randrup, T. B.. Health promoting outdoor environments—Associations between green space, and health, health-related quality of life and stress based on a Danish national representative survey. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 2010, 38 (4): 411- 417. DOI
	Sugihara, S., & Evans, G. W.. Place attachment and social support at continuing care retirement communities. Environment and Behavior, 2000, 32 (3): 400- 409.
	Sugiyama, M., Chau, H., Abe, T., Kato, Y., Jamei, E., Veeroja, P., … Sugiyama, T. (2022). Third places for older adults’ social engagement: A scoping review and research agenda. The Gerontologist. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/00139160021972586
	Twigger-Ross, C. L., & Uzzell, D. L.. Place and identity processes. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 1996, 16 (3): 205- 220. DOI
	Villanueva, K., Badland, H., Hooper, P., Koohsari, M. J., Mavoa, S., Davern, M., ... Giles-Corti, B.. Developing indicators of public open space to promote health and wellbeing in communities. Applied Geography, 2015, 57, 112- 119. DOI
	Wang, X. M.. Subjective well-being associated with size of social network and social support of elderly. Journal of Health Psychology, 2016, 21 (6): 1037- 1042. DOI
	World Health Organization. (2002). Active aging: A policy framework. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
	World Health Organization. (2015). Measuring the age-friendliness of cities: A guide to using core indicators. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
	Zhang, Y., Van Dijk, T., Tang, J. J., & van den Berg, A. E.. Green space attachment and health: A comparative study in two urban neighborhoods. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2015, 12 (11): 14342- 14363. DOI
	Zhang, Z., & Zhang, J. X.. Perceived residential environment of neighborhood and subjective well-being among the elderly in China: A mediating role of sense of community. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2017, 51, 82- 94. DOI

变量	类别	人数	百分比(%)
年龄	60～69岁	176	56.8
	70～79岁	105	33.9
	80岁以上	29	9.3
性别	男	136	43.9
性别	女	174	56.1
婚姻状况	无配偶	57	18.4
婚姻状况	有配偶	253	81.6
受教育程度	小学及以下	58	18.7
	初中	68	21.9
	高中或中专	114	36.8
	大专及以上	70	22.6
个人月收入	1000元以下	32	10.3
	1000～2000元	36	11.6
	2000～3000元	106	34.2
	3000～4000元	68	21.9
	4000～5000元	39	12.6
	5000～6000元	17	5.5
	6000元以上	12	3.9
身体状况	很差	7	2.3
	较差	25	8.1
	一般	130	41.9
	较好	122	39.3
	很好	26	8.4
社区建成时长	小于5年	29	9.4
	5～10年	83	26.8
	10～20年	85	27.4
	20年以上	113	36.4
居住时长	小于5年	68	22.0
	5～10年	85	27.4
	10～20年	68	21.9
	20年以上	89	28.7

变量	类别	人数	百分比(%)
年龄	60～69岁	176	56.8
	70～79岁	105	33.9
	80岁以上	29	9.3
性别	男	136	43.9
性别	女	174	56.1
婚姻状况	无配偶	57	18.4
婚姻状况	有配偶	253	81.6
受教育程度	小学及以下	58	18.7
	初中	68	21.9
	高中或中专	114	36.8
	大专及以上	70	22.6
个人月收入	1000元以下	32	10.3
	1000～2000元	36	11.6
	2000～3000元	106	34.2
	3000～4000元	68	21.9
	4000～5000元	39	12.6
	5000～6000元	17	5.5
	6000元以上	12	3.9
身体状况	很差	7	2.3
	较差	25	8.1
	一般	130	41.9
	较好	122	39.3
	很好	26	8.4
社区建成时长	小于5年	29	9.4
	5～10年	83	26.8
	10～20年	85	27.4
	20年以上	113	36.4
居住时长	小于5年	68	22.0
	5～10年	85	27.4
	10～20年	68	21.9
	20年以上	89	28.7

变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5
1.社区绿化	3.12	0.92
2.社区依恋	3.48	0.62	0.46***
3.家庭亲密度	4.14	0.61	0.15**	0.36***
4.正向情绪	3.29	0.84	0.19**	0.32***	0.37***
5.负向情绪	1.56	0.55	−0.04	−0.21***	−0.43***	−0.24***
6.生活满意度	3.54	0.86	0.26***	0.27***	0.41***	0.51***	−0.30***

变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5
1.社区绿化	3.12	0.92
2.社区依恋	3.48	0.62	0.46***
3.家庭亲密度	4.14	0.61	0.15**	0.36***
4.正向情绪	3.29	0.84	0.19**	0.32***	0.37***
5.负向情绪	1.56	0.55	−0.04	−0.21***	−0.43***	−0.24***
6.生活满意度	3.54	0.86	0.26***	0.27***	0.41***	0.51***	−0.30***

	χ²/df	RMSEA	CFI	TLI	SRMR
估计值	1.68	0.05	0.96	0.94	0.07