社交回避与青少年自杀意念的关系：有调节的中介模型

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2023.05.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究旨在探讨青少年社交回避对自杀意念的影响以及同伴侵害和心理韧性在其中的作用。青少年被试完成了自评问卷。结果发现：(1)在控制了害羞、社交淡漠、性别和年龄因素后，社交回避显著正向预测青少年自杀意念；(2)同伴侵害部分中介了社交回避对自杀意念的影响；(3)相较于高心理韧性青少年，在低心理韧性青少年中社交回避通过同伴侵害对自杀意念的影响更强。这些发现提示在降低社交回避青少年自杀意念水平时，减少同伴侵害和增强心理韧性也许是有效的途径。

关键词: 社交回避, 同伴侵害, 自杀意念, 心理韧性, 青少年

Abstract:

The current study aimed to examine the effect of adolescent social avoidance on suicidal ideation and the role of peer victimization and resilience in this effect. The adolescents completed self-assessment questionnaires. The results were as follows: 1) after controlling for shyness, unsociability, gender and age, social avoidance positively predicted the adolescents’ suicide ideation; 2) peer victimization partially mediated the association between adolescents’ social avoidance and suicide ideation; 3) the effect of social avoidance on suicidal ideation through peer victimization was only observed among adolescents with low resilience, rather than those with high resilience. These findings suggest that reducing peer victimization and enhancing psychological resilience may be effective ways to reduce the level of suicidal ideation in adolescents with high levels of social avoidance.

Key words: social avoidance, peer victimization, suicide ideation, resilience, adolescents

中图分类号:

B849

刘峻君, 何晓燕, 李松, 冉光明. 社交回避与青少年自杀意念的关系：有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2023, 21(5): 675-681.

Junjun LIU, Xiaoyan HE, Song LI, Guangming RAN. Social Avoidance and Adolescents’ Suicide Ideation: A Moderated Mediation Model[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2023, 21(5): 675-681.

图/表 8

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变量	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1.社交淡漠
2.羞怯	0.26***
3.社交回避	0.66***	0.33***
4.同伴侵害	0.25***	0.17***	0.34***
5.自杀意念	0.41***	0.35***	0.44***	0.43***
6.心理韧性	−0.48***	−0.48***	−0.49***	−0.38***	−0.71***
7.年龄	0.14***	0.06**	0.12***	−0.02	0.04	− 0.08**
8.性别	0.14***	0.02	0.01	−0.02	0.15***	−0.12***	−0.11***
峰度	0.04	−0.14	1.24	9.22	2.72	−0.22	0.32
偏度	0.60	0.09	1.00	2.65	1.54	−0.12	0.09
M	2.34	2.69	1.85	1.56	1.72	3.53	12.67
SD	0.87	0.81	0.72	0.73	0.65	0.67	0.66

变量	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1.社交淡漠
2.羞怯	0.26***
3.社交回避	0.66***	0.33***
4.同伴侵害	0.25***	0.17***	0.34***
5.自杀意念	0.41***	0.35***	0.44***	0.43***
6.心理韧性	−0.48***	−0.48***	−0.49***	−0.38***	−0.71***
7.年龄	0.14***	0.06**	0.12***	−0.02	0.04	− 0.08**
8.性别	0.14***	0.02	0.01	−0.02	0.15***	−0.12***	−0.11***
峰度	0.04	−0.14	1.24	9.22	2.72	−0.22	0.32
偏度	0.60	0.09	1.00	2.65	1.54	−0.12	0.09
M	2.34	2.69	1.85	1.56	1.72	3.53	12.67
SD	0.87	0.81	0.72	0.73	0.65	0.67	0.66

预测变量	模型1(自杀意念)		模型2(同伴侵害)		模型3(自杀意念)
预测变量	B	t	B	t	B	t
年龄	−0.01	−0.47	−0.08	−2.66**	−0.01	−0.42
性别	0.15	4.94***	−0.06	−1.47	0.17	5.73***
社交淡漠	0.13	5.43**	0.04	1.54	0.12	5.20***
羞怯	0.18	9.03***	0.06	2.52*	0.16	8.65***
社交回避	0.23	7.90***	0.30	8.37***	0.15	5.31***
同伴侵害					0.27	12.66***
R²		0.28***		0.13***		0.35***
F		101.42		38.76		121.37

预测变量	模型1(自杀意念)		模型2(同伴侵害)		模型3(自杀意念)
预测变量	B	t	B	t	B	t
年龄	−0.01	−0.47	−0.08	−2.66**	−0.01	−0.42
性别	0.15	4.94***	−0.06	−1.47	0.17	5.73***
社交淡漠	0.13	5.43**	0.04	1.54	0.12	5.20***
羞怯	0.18	9.03***	0.06	2.52*	0.16	8.65***
社交回避	0.23	7.90***	0.30	8.37***	0.15	5.31***
同伴侵害					0.27	12.66***
R²		0.28***		0.13***		0.35***
F		101.42		38.76		121.37

预测变量	模型1(同伴侵害)		模型2(自杀意念)
预测变量	B	t	B	t
年龄	−0.08	−2.88**	−0.01	−0.47
性别	−0.10	−2.65*	0.10	3.96***
社交淡漠	−0.02	−0.78	0.01	0.60
羞怯	−0.03	−1.28	0.02	1.06
社交回避	0.19	5.39***	0.05	1.92
心理韧性	−0.36	−10.28***	−0.58	−24.76***
社交回避×心理韧性	−0.11	−3.32***	−0.08	−3.28**
同伴侵害			0.08	3.79***
同伴侵害×心理韧性			−0.14	−5.49***
R²		0.20***		0.57***
F		46.05		192.24