心理与行为研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (6): 846-852.

• 研究综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

发展性阅读障碍与工作记忆损伤研究进展*

刘艳1, 陶云2, 3, 王晓曦4, 马谐2, 3, 陈睿2, 3, 李思齐2   

  1. 1 昆明理工大学外国语言文化学院,昆明 650500;
    2 云南师范大学教育科学与管理学院,昆明 650500;
    3 民族信息化教育部重点实验室(云南师范大学),昆明 650500;
    4 西南大学心理学部,重庆 400715
  • 收稿日期:2015-05-18 出版日期:2015-11-20 发布日期:2015-12-24
  • 通讯作者: 陶 云,E-mail:taoyun2011@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    云南省教育科学“十二五”规划课题(GY11025)

Advances of Developmental Dyslexia and Working Memory Injury

Liu Yan1, Tao Yun2, 3, Wang Xiaoxi4, Ma Xie2, 3, Chen Rui2, 3, Li Siqi2   

  1. 1 Faculty of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500;
    2 Department of Educational Science and Management, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500;
    3 Key Laboratory of Educational Information for Nationalities(YNNU), Ministry of Education, Kunming 650500;
    4 School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715;
  • Received:2015-05-18 Online:2015-11-20 Published:2015-12-24

摘要: 发展性阅读障碍是一种常见的学习障碍,而工作记忆损伤是造成发展性阅读障碍的一个重要因素。工作记忆的三个子成分分别与发展性阅读障碍存在一定关系:中央执行器的三项功能均与阅读能力密切相关;语音环损伤是造成阅读障碍的主要因素,并对词汇识别和句子理解产生影响;视觉工作记忆影响正字法意识、推理及句子理解等。另外,中文发展性阅读障碍的机制可能与拼音文字不同。对工作记忆与发展性阅读障碍关系的研究将为发展性阅读障碍的矫治提供更多可能。

关键词: 发展性阅读障碍, 工作记忆, 中央执行器, 语音环, 视空间模板。

Abstract: Developmental dyslexia(DD)is a common learning disability which can make negative effect on children′s school learning. Recently, working memory has been regarded as a main factor of developmental dyslexia, and it also has provided a new perspective for the study. The sub-components of working memoy can effect reading process both as whole and independently. This review based on Baddley′s multi-component model of working memory: three separable components as central executive shifting, updating and inhibition are all closely correlated to reading comprehension; the impairment of phonological loop is the core reason of developmental dyslexia; visual-spatial sketchpad contribute to orthographic regularity and reasoning, but the studies hold heterogeneity. In addition, Chinese developmental dyslexia may hold it′s own features. To sum up, although the results of past studies remain some difference, it all shows that working memory has important impact on developmental dyslexia. The studies of relationship between working memory and developmental dyslexia can provide effective ways for the treatment of the disease.

Key words: developmental dyslexia, working memory, central executive, phonological loop, visual spatial sketch pad.