童年中晚期同伴侵害与情绪适应：归因的中介作用

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以929名8-12岁儿童为被试，运用多维同伴侵害量表、儿童社交焦虑量表、儿童孤独量表和同伴侵害归因量表进行测量，考察归因在童年中晚期同伴侵害与情绪适应关系间的中介作用。结果表明：（1）童年中晚期同伴侵害归因包括互不喜欢、自身不足和同伴嫉妒三个维度；（2）身体侵害、关系侵害对社交焦虑的直接预测作用不显著，但通过互不喜欢的中介影响社交焦虑；（3）身体侵害对孤独的直接预测作用不显著，但通过互不喜欢的中介影响孤独，关系侵害对孤独的直接正向预测作用显著，同时通过三种归因方式的中介影响孤独。结论：童年中晚期同伴侵害归因包括互不喜欢、自身不足和同伴嫉妒三个维度，归因的中介作用模式因同伴侵害、情绪适应类型的不同而存在差异，同伴嫉妒的归因方式能够减少关系侵害后儿童的孤独情绪。

关键词: 童年中晚期, 同伴侵害, 情绪适应, 归因

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of peer victimization on children's emotion adjustment, and further explored the mediating role of attribution. The participants were 929 children aged 3 to 6 from two primary schools, and four questionnaires were used in this study: Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale (revised Chinese version), Social Anxiety Scale for Children, Children's Loneliness Scale and Why Kids Pick on Me Scale (revised Chinese version). The results indicated that: 1) Children's attributions to peer victimization included three dimensions which were dislike each other, personal shortcoming and peer jealousy. 2) Physical victimization and relational victimization had no direct effects on social anxiety, but social anxiety was indirectly influenced by the mediating role of dislike of each other. 3) Physical victimization had no direct effect on loneliness, but loneliness was indirectly influenced by the mediating role of dislike of each other. Relational victimization had direct positive effect on loneliness, and loneliness was indirectly influenced by the mediating roles of dislike of each other, personal shortcoming and peer jealousy. Conclusions: During middle and late childhood, attributions include three dimensions (including dislike each other, personal shortcoming and peer jealousy). The mediating roles of children's attribution varied with the types of peer victimization and emotion. Peer jealousy could reduce children's loneliness caused by relational victimization.

Key words: middle and late childhood, peer victimization, emotion adjustment, attribution

中图分类号:

B844

董会芹, 张文新. 童年中晚期同伴侵害与情绪适应：归因的中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2017, 15(5): 654-662.

DONG Huiqin, ZHANG Wenxin. Peer Victimization and Emotion Adjustment During Middle and Late Childhood: The Mediating Roles of Attributions[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2017, 15(5): 654-662.

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