Abstract: Cognition and its brain mechanisms are so important in psychological researches. Social cognition is how we know others’ intention and emotion during daily life. And it is the key for interpersonal relationship. The article discuss the automatic process in cognition and social cognition, which conclude recent researches and made the comparison between basic cognition and social cognition, especially from the aspect of their research paradigms. Automatic process widely exists in both basic cognition and social cognition. From the field of brain researches, lots of electrophysiology indexes such as N400 can be applied into the studies for implicit factors in social cognition. Furthermore, the article made the introduction of study methods for social cognition and how to introduce the neuroscience into social cognition researches.

摘要： 认知过程及其脑机制是心理学研究的重要内容。社会认知是人们在社会生活中对他人行为的意图及情感的认识,是人际互动的重要方面,具有深刻的理论和实践意义。本文全面深入地对社会认知和基础认知中自动加工过程进行了研究综述,对基础认知与社会认知的研究方式进行了比较。自动加工过程是社会认知和基础认知中都存在的重要过程,从脑机制研究角度,相关的电生理学指标(如N400等)都可以作为研究的指标来考察社会认知中的自动加工过程。本文从社会认知与基础认知的比较入手,介绍了各种领域的研究方法,特别是事件相关电位技术等认知神经科学研究方法。