Differences in Looking at Own-Race and Other-Race Facial Expression: Evidence from Eye Movements

Abstract

Abstract: Do Chinese people observe faces of their own-race differently from those of other-race? The current study investigated the fixation characteristics of Chinese participants in processing their own-race and other-race (Caucasian) emotional faces, which based on the free browsing task. In the experiment, different facial expressions (positive/neutral/negative) were selected as materials, and the faces were divided into three areas of interest (eyes/nose/mouth). The results showed that when Chinese participants browsing facial expressions (positive/neutral/negative) of their own-race, participants’ fixation duration on eyes and nose were significantly higher than those of mouth, and their fixation counts on eyes and nose were significantly more than those of mouth. Upon browsing the emotional faces (positive/neutral/negative) of Caucasians, the counts and the duration of fixation on eyes and nose were significantly higher than those on mouth. Moreover, the counts and duration of fixation on nose were significantly higher than those on eyes. These results indicated that in processing own-race facial expressions, Chinese participants considered nose and eyes as the primary areas of fixation, while the nose was the most dominant area of fixation during the processing of other-race (Caucasian) facial expressions. There are differences in the fixation characteristics of Chinese participants processing the own-race and the other-race facial expressions.

Key words: facial expressions, race, fixation, face characteristics

摘要： 采用无任务浏览范式，选取积极、中性和消极的情绪面孔作为材料，将面孔划分为3个兴趣区（眼睛、鼻子和嘴），考察中国个体在加工本族与高加索情绪面孔的眼动注视特点。研究结果显示，在浏览本族的（积极、中性和消极）情绪面孔时，中国被试对眼睛和鼻子的注视次数和时长显著多于对嘴部的注视次数和时长。在浏览高加索的（积极、中性和消极）情绪面孔时，中国被试对眼睛和鼻子的注视次数和时长显著多于其对嘴部的注视次数和时长，并且对鼻子的注视次数和时长也显著多于眼睛的注视次数和时长。结果表明，在加工本族面孔表情，中国被试将鼻子和眼睛作为主要注视区域，而加工高加索面孔表情时则是将鼻子作为最主要注视区域，即中国被试加工本族和异族面孔表情的注视特点存在差异。

关键词: 面孔表情, 种族, 注视, 面孔特征

CLC Number:

B842

WANG Yuetan, MA Jialin, ZHANG Jingyi, LI Yitong, DING Xiaobin. Differences in Looking at Own-Race and Other-Race Facial Expression: Evidence from Eye Movements[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2020, 18(6): 749-754.

王月潭, 马嘉琳, 张竞艺, 李弈彤, 丁小斌. 本族和异族面孔表情注视的差异性：来自眼动的证据[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2020, 18(6): 749-754.

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