The Relationship Between Narcissism and Aggression: The Moderating Effects of Perspective Taking and Empathy Concern

Abstract

Abstract: The present study aimed to explore the relationship between narcissism and aggression, as well as the moderating role of perspective taking and empathy concern. Five hundred and sixty-two college students were recruited to complete anonymous questionnaires, which included the Narcissistic Personality Inventory, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index and the Short-Form Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire. The results showed that: 1) Narcissism was positively related to aggression. 2) The predictive effect of narcissism on aggression was moderated by perspective taking and empathy concern; perspective taking and empathy concern were negatively associated with high narcissists’ aggression, but would not predict low narcissists’ aggression. Hence, improving perspective taking and enhancing empathy concern play an important role in the reduction of high narcissists’ aggressive behavior.

Key words: narcissism, aggression, moderating effect, perspective taking, empathy concern

摘要： 为考察自恋对攻击行为的影响以及观点采择和共情关注在其中的调节效应，采用自恋人格问卷、人际反应指针量表和简版Buss-Perry攻击问卷，对562名大学生进行调查。结果发现：（1）自恋显著正向预测攻击行为；（2）观点采择和共情关注均可负向调节自恋与攻击行为的关系，两者都能显著抑制高自恋者的攻击行为，却无法影响低自恋者的攻击行为。因此，提高观点采择和增强共情关注是减少高自恋者攻击行为的重要途径。

关键词: 自恋, 攻击行为, 调节作用, 观点采择, 共情关注

CLC Number:

B849

ZHANG Zhen. The Relationship Between Narcissism and Aggression: The Moderating Effects of Perspective Taking and Empathy Concern[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(1): 131-136.

张振. 自恋与攻击行为的关系：观点采择和共情关注的调节作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(1): 131-136.

References

丁如一, 周晖, 张豹, 陈晓. (2016). 自恋与青少年亲社会行为之间的关系. 心理学报, 48(8), 981–988
都芳, 齐凯, 鲁玮, 金岳龙, 王俊, 王金峰, .. 姚应水 (2018). 大学生遭受校园暴力现状及影响因素分析. 中国学校卫生, 39(6), 857–859
方杰, 温忠麟, 梁东梅, 李霓霓. (2015). 基于多元回归的调节效应分析. 心理科学, 38(3), 715–720
郭丰波. (2017). 自恋人格调节人际合作决策与结果评价(博士学位论文). 天津师范大学.
齐春辉, 张振, 张倩倩. (2019). 大学新生观点采择、人际信任在自我控制与攻击中的链式中介作用. 心理技术与应用, 7(7), 409–415
杨晨晨, 李彩娜, 王振宏, 边玉芳. (2016). 状态自恋与攻击行为——知觉到的威胁、愤怒情绪和敌意归因偏差的多重中介作用. 心理发展与教育, 32(2), 236–245
张凤凤, 董毅, 汪凯, 詹志禹, 谢伦芳. (2010). 中文版人际反应指针量表(IRI-C)的信度及效度研究. 中国临床心理学杂志, 18(2), 155–157
张文武, 吕梅, 杜琳, 杜亚松. (2009). 12-条目攻击问卷(AQ)在儿童青少年中的应用研究. 上海精神医学, 21(3), 136–139, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-0829.2009.03.003
张振, 齐春辉, 杨邵峰, 赵智军, 高晓雷, 熊建萍. (2019). 价值取向对大一新生普遍信任的影响: 多重中介效应分析. 心理与行为研究, 17(1), 63–67, 90
赵陵波, 蒋宇婧, 任志洪. (2016). 个体共情能力与攻击性关系的元分析. 福州大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 30(1), 86–93
周浩, 龙立荣. (2004). 共同方法偏差的统计检验与控制方法. 心理科学进展, 12(6), 942–950
Ames, D. R., Rose, P., & Anderson, C. P. (2006). The NPI-16 as a short measure of narcissism. Journal of Research in Personality, 40(4), 440–450, doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2005.03.002.
Barry, C. T., Kauten, R. L., & Lui, J. H. L. (2014). Self-perceptions of empathy and social support as potential moderators in the relation between adolescent narcissism and aggression. Individual Differences Research, 12(4-A), 170–179.
Bryant, F. B., & Smith, B. D. (2001). Refining the architecture of aggression: A measurement model for the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire. Journal of Research in Personality, 35(2), 138–167, doi: 10.1006/jrpe.2000.2302.
Decety, J. (2011). The neuroevolution of empathy. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1231(1), 35–45, doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06027.x.
Finkel, E. J., & Hall, A. N. (2018). The I³ Model: A metatheoretical framework for understanding aggression. Current Opinion in Psychology, 19, 125–130, doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.03.013.
Hepper, E. G., Hart, C. M., Meek, R., Cisek, S., & Sedikides, C. (2014). Narcissism and empathy in young offenders and non ‐ offenders. European Journal of Personality, 28(2), 201–210, doi: 10.1002/per.1939.
Keatley, D. A., Allom, V., & Mullan, B. (2017). The effects of implicit and explicit self-control on self-reported aggression. Personality and Individual Differences, 107, 154–158, doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.11.046.
Krizan, Z., & Herlache, A. D. (2018). The narcissism spectrum model: A synthetic view of narcissistic personality. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 22(1), 3–31, doi: 10.1177/1088868316685018.
Lambe, S., Hamilton-Giachritsis, C., Garner, E., & Walker, J. (2018). The role of narcissism in aggression and violence: A systematic review. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 19(2), 209–230.
Lishner, D. A., Hong, P. Y., Jiang, L. X., Vitacco, M. J., & Neumann, C. S. (2015). Psychopathy, narcissism, and borderline personality: A critical test of the affective empathy-impairment hypothesis. Personality and Individual Differences, 86, 257–265, doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2015.05.036.
Morf, C. C., & Rhodewalt, F. (2001). Unraveling the paradoxes of narcissism: A dynamic self-regulatory processing model. Psychological Inquiry, 12(4), 177–196, doi: 10.1207/S15327965PLI1204_1.
Myers, M. W., & Hodges, S. D. (2012). The structure of self-other overlap and its relationship to perspective taking. Personal Relationships, 19(4), 663–679, doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6811.2011.01382.x.
Nehrlich, A. D., Gebauer, J. E., Sedikides, C., & Schoel, C. (2019). Agentic narcissism, communal narcissism, and prosociality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 117(1), 142–165, doi: 10.1037/pspp0000190.
Pajevic, M., Vukosavljevic-Gvozden, T., Stevanovic, N., & Neumann, C. S. (2018). The relationship between the Dark Tetrad and a two-dimensional view of empathy. Personality and Individual Differences, 123, 125–130, doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.11.009.
Vreeke, G. J., & van der Mark, I. L. (2003). Empathy, an integrative model. New Ideas in Psychology, 21(3), 177–207, doi: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2003.09.003.

[1]	XING Xiaopei, JIAO Menghan, XIAO Yuyuan, HU Xia. Parental Psychological Aggression and School-Aged Children’s Problem Behavior: Mediating Roles of Children’s Anger and Sadness Management [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(4): 479-486.
[2]	DING Qian, LUO Xingyu. Influence of Perceived Discrimination on Left-Behind Adolescents’ Aggression: The Multiple Mediating Effect Analysis [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(3): 346-352.
[3]	BAI Huihui, WANG Yuqing, SUN Wanjing. The Resilience Status of Left-Behind Children: A Meta-Analysis [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(2): 261-267.
[4]	ZHOU Guangdong, ZHOU Guangmin. Peer Relationship and Children’s Reactive and Proactive Aggression: A Cross-Lagged Regression Analysis [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(5): 620-627.
[5]	YANG Jiawei, LI Dongling, LIU Jianrong. The Influence of Perceived Social Hostility on College Students’ Aggression: The Role of Negative Emotional Experience [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(3): 382-388.
[6]	ZHU Wenfeng, XIA Lingxiang. A Temporal Path Model of The Longitudinal Predictive Effect of Neuroticism on Aggressive Behavior in The College Students: The Bidirectional Mediation Roles of Hostile Attribution Bias and Anger Rumination [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(3): 396-402.
[7]	YAN Zhiqiang, LI Shan. The Association of Empathy on Depression: The Moderating Effect of Peer-Relationship [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(3): 424-430.
[8]	ZHAI Peixin, HU Yuxiang, LIU Li. Parental Harsh Discipline and Children’s Anxiety: The Mediating Role of Family Cohesion [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(2): 201-208.
[9]	LIU Xin, LIU Xiaowen. The Relationship Between Negative Life Events and Reactive Aggression in Childhood: A Structural Equation Model with Multiple Mediators [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(1): 82-88.
[10]	WANG Lu, SONG Juan, WEI Yanqiu, XIE Hongyu, PENG Yao, ZHANG Jingda. A Study of Relationship between Family Environment and Aggressiveness for Middle School Students——Mediating Effect of Empathy [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2019, 17(2): 216-222.
[11]	ZHANG Zhen, QI Chunhui, YANG Shaofeng, ZHAO Zhijun, GAO Xiaolei, XIONG Jianping. Influence of Value Orientation on Generalized Trust: Analysis of Multiple Mediation Effect [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2019, 17(1): 63-67,90.
[12]	ZHANG Shuhua, FAN Yangyang. The Effect of the Identity of New Generation Migrant Workers on the Implicit Intergroup Aggression:The Moderating Effect of Implicit Collective Self-esteem [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2018, 16(3): 371-377.
[13]	WEI Hua, ZHOU Zong-kui, ZHANG Yong-xin, DING Qian. Relationship between Stress and Internet Addiction: The Moderating Effects of Family Support and Friend Support [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2018, 16(2): 266-271.
[14]	Li Yaqiang, Chen Chaoyang, Su Yongqiang, Yang Linlin, Yang Yong. The Effects of Power on Social Perspective Taking: Moderating of Power Motivation [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2016, 14(3): 399-405.
[15]	Zhang lihua, Shi guochun, Zhang yiming. Attentional Bias for Aggression Cues in High School Students with Fragile High Self-esteem [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2016, 14(1): 36-41.