The Influence of Emotional Valence and Motivational Emotion on Creativity

Abstract

Abstract: This study explored the correlation between emotion and creativity by using pictures as the stimulus for emotional priming and Alternate Uses Test as a tool for measuring creativity. A 2 (emotional valence type: positive, negative) × 2 (motivational emotion types: high-survival motivation, low-survival motivation) design was used to test the correlation between emotional valence and motivational emotion. The results showed that the main effect of emotional valence was significant. The fluency, flexibility, novelty and total score of the positive emotions group were significantly higher than those of the negative emotions group. The results also showed that the creativity fluency, flexibility and total score of the low-survival motivational emotion were significantly higher than those of the high-survival motivational emotion, and thus the main effect of motivational emotion was significant. We also realized that the interaction between emotional valence and motivational emotion was not significant. Taken together, our findings indicate that positive emotions lead to more creative activities than negative emotions. The level of creativity under low-survival motivational emotion is higher than that under high-survival motivational emotion, but there is no interaction between emotional valence and motivational emotion on creativity.

Key words: emotional valence, survival motivation, emotional pictures, creativity

摘要： 以图片材料为情绪启动刺激，以多用途测验（AUT）为创造力测量工具，探究情绪与创造力的关系。采用2（情绪效价类型：积极、消极）×2（动机情绪类型：高生存动机、低生存动机）的被试间设计，结果表明：情绪效价主效应显著，积极情绪组的创造力流畅性、灵活性、新颖性及总分显著高于消极情绪组；动机情绪主效应显著，低生存动机情绪组的创造力流畅性、灵活性及总分显著高于高生存动机情绪组；情绪效价和动机情绪的交互作用不显著。研究表明，积极情绪比消极情绪引发更多的创造性活动；低生存动机情绪下的创造力水平高于高生存动机情绪下的创造力水平；情绪效价与动机情绪对创造力的影响不存在交互作用。

关键词: 情绪效价, 生存动机, 情绪图片, 创造力

CLC Number:

B842

DU Xiayu, SHI Congrong, ZHAO Ziyi, XUE Ting. The Influence of Emotional Valence and Motivational Emotion on Creativity[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(2): 160-165.

杜夏雨, 史从戎, 赵子仪, 薛婷. 情绪效价和动机情绪对创造力的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(2): 160-165.

References

蒋一聪. (2018). 不同动机强度的趋–避情绪对发散性思维的影响 (硕士学位论文). 浙江师范大学, 杭州.
孟昭兰. (1985). 当代情绪理论的发展. 心理学报, 17(2), 97–103
王天力. (2018). 一般创造力: 概念内涵、存在机理与影响因素. 黄河科技大学学报, 20(6), 83–89
杨丽珠, 董光恒, 金欣俐. (2007). 积极情绪和消极情绪的大脑反应差异研究综述. 心理与行为研究, 5(3), 224–228
姚海娟, 王金霞, 苏清丽, 白学军. (2018). 具身情绪与创造性思维: 情境性调节定向的调节作用. 心理与行为研究, 16(4), 441–448, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-0628.2018.04.002
张克, 杜秀敏, 董晓飞. (2018). 社会动机与“自我–他人”对创造性表现的影响. 心理与行为研究, 16(3), 414–420, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-0628.2018.03.019
邹吉林, 张小聪, 张环, 于靓, 周仁来. (2011). 超越效价和唤醒——情绪的动机维度模型述评. 心理科学进展, 19(9), 1339–1346
Baas, M., De Dreu, C. K. W., & Nijstad, B. A. (2011). When prevention promotes creativity: The role of mood, regulatory focus, and regulatory closure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100(5), 794–809, doi: 10.1037/a0022981.
Baas, M., Roskes, M., Koch, S., Cheng, Y. J., & De Dreu, C. K. W. (2019). Why social threat motivates malevolent creativity. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 45(11), 1590–1602, doi: 10.1177/0146167219838551.
Bechtoldt, M. N., De Dreu, C. K. W., Nijstad, B. A., & Choi, H. S. (2010). Motivated information processing, social tuning, and group creativity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 99(4), 622–637, doi: 10.1037/a0019386.
Carver, C. S., & Harmon-Jones, E. (2009). Anger is an approach-related affect: Evidence and implications. Psychological Bulletin, 135(2), 183–204, doi: 10.1037/a0013965.
De Dreu, C. K. W., Baas, M., & Nijstad, B. A. (2008). Hedonic tone and activation level in the mood-creativity link: Toward a dual pathway to creativity model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94(5), 739–756, doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.94.5.739.
Fitri, I., Aulia, T. B., & Fuady, M. (2020). The effect of public space availability on children’s creativity (Case study: Taman Sari kota Banda Aceh). IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 933, 012013, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/933/1/012013.
Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56(3), 218–226, doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.56.3.218.
Friedman, R. S., & Förster, J. (2001). The effects of promotion and prevention cues on creativity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(6), 1001–1013, doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.81.6.1001.
Friedman, R. S., & Förster, J. (2002). The influence of approach and avoidance motor actions on creative cognition. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38(1), 41–55, doi: 10.1006/jesp.2001.1488.
Gable, P. A., & Harmon-Jones, E. (2008). Approach-motivated positive affect reduces breadth of attention. Psychological Science, 19(5), 476–482, doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02112.x.
Gable, P. A., & Harmon-Jones, E. (2010a). The motivational dimensional model of affect: Implications for breadth of attention, memory, and cognitive categorisation. Cognition & Emotion, 24(2), 322–337.
Gable, P. A., & Harmon-Jones, E. (2010b). The blues broaden, but the nasty narrows: Attentional consequences of negative affects low and high in motivational intensity. Psychological Science, 21(2), 211–215, doi: 10.1177/0956797609359622.
Gasper, K. (2003). When necessity is the mother of invention: Mood and problem solving. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 39(3), 248–262, doi: 10.1016/S0022-1031(03)00023-4.
Grawitch, M. J., Munz, D. C., & Kramer, T. J. (2003). Effects of member mood states on creative performance in temporary workgroups. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 7(1), 41–54, doi: 10.1037/1089-2699.7.1.41.
Harmon-Jones, E. (2004). On the relationship of frontal brain activity and anger: Examining the role of attitude toward anger. Cognition and Emotion, 18(3), 337–361, doi: 10.1080/02699930341000059.
Harmon-Jones, E., & Gable, P. A. (2008). Incorporating motivational intensity and direction into the study of emotions: Implications for brain mechanisms of emotion and cognition-emotion interactions. Netherlands Journal of Psychology, 64(4), 132–142, doi: 10.1007/BF03076416.
Hennessey, B. A., & Amabile, T. M. (2010). Creativity. Annual Review of Psychology, 61(1), 569–598, doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100416.
Levine, L. J., & Edelstein, R. S. (2009). Emotion and memory narrowing: A review and goal-relevance approach. Cognition and Emotion, 23(5), 833–875, doi: 10.1080/02699930902738863.
Mastria, S., Agnoli, S., & Corazza, G. E. (2019). How does emotion influence the creativity evaluation of exogenous alternative ideas? PLoS ONE, 14(7), e0219298, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219298.
Ritter, S. M., & Ferguson, S. (2017). Happy creativity: Listening to happy music facilitates divergent thinking. PLoS ONE, 12(9), e0182210, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182210.
Roskes, M., De Dreu, C. K. W., & Nijstad, B. A. (2012). Necessity is the mother of invention: Avoidance motivation stimulates creativity through cognitive effort. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 103(2), 242–256, doi: 10.1037/a0028442.
Russell, J. A. (1980). A circumplex model of affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(6), 1161–1178, doi: 10.1037/h0077714.
Shalley, C. E., Zhou, J., & Oldham, G. R. (2004). The effects of personal and contextual characteristics on creativity: Where should we go from here? Journal of Management, 30(6), 933–958, doi: 10.1016/j.jm.2004.06.007.
Shao, Y., Nijstad, B. A., & Täuber, S. (2018). Linking self-construal to creativity: The role of approach motivation and cognitive flexibility. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1929, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01929.
Sutton, S. K., & Davidson, R. J. (1997). Prefrontal brain asymmetry: A biological substrate of the behavioral approach and inhibition systems. Psychological Science, 8(3), 204–210, doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00413.x.

[1]	LI Wenfu, ZHAI Jicun, LI Qingqing, CHEN Jingting. The Effect of Ego Depletion on the Prototype Elicitation Effects of Scientific Innovation Problems Solving [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(5): 677-683.
[2]	LI Jiaojiao, LIU Xiaobing, PEI Dandan, XU Bibo, YIN Xiyang. The Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence and College Students’ Malicious Creativity: A Moderated Mediation Model [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(4): 563-569.
[3]	ZHOU Aibao, ZHAO Haiyan, XIA Ruixue, YUAN Yue, JIA Tingting, XIE Pei. The Impact of Reference Styles, Emotional Valence, and Personality-Trait Assessment at Different Semantic Levels on Memory [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(2): 145-152.
[4]	ZHAO Siyi, LI Ying, WANG Yue. The Metaphorical Association Between Valence and Space Influences Emotional Word Learning in Adults and Children [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(2): 153-159.
[5]	XUE Yukang, TIAN Mengyuan, LI Qianqian, GUO Yaqi, MA Xiaoqing, GU Chuanhua. The Microgenetic Change of Social Creativity: A Study Based on Virtual Simulation Technique [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(1): 65-72.
[6]	LI Yongjie, LIU Chunhui, JIN Hua. A Study on the Group Differences of Undergraduates with High-Level Creativity [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2020, 18(4): 440-445.
[7]	LI Ang, ZHANG Jinghuan. The Prediction of Parent-Child Relationship and Empathy on Adolescents’ Social Creativity: The Mediating Role of Friendship Quality [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2020, 18(4): 496-502.
[8]	WANG Zhanqi, ZHANG Xingli. The Validity and Reliability of the Chinese Version of the Creative Achievement Questionnaire [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2020, 18(3): 390-397.
[9]	GONG Zhenxing, ZHANG Ying, LI Xinmin, ZHANG Tiantian. Seeking Consensus can Find Differences: The Impact of the Heterogeneity of the Learning Goal Orientation Between Leader and Subordinate on Creativity [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2020, 18(1): 128-135.
[10]	ZHANG Ke, DU Xiumin, DONG Xiaofei. The Impact of Social Motivation and Self-Others on Creative Performance [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2018, 16(3): 414-420.
[11]	YIN Kui, XING Lu, WANG Chongfeng. Graduate Students' Research Experience, Creativity and Research Career Aspiration: The Moderating Role of Learning Goal Orientation [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2017, 15(6): 799-806.
[12]	HUANG Shihua, ZENG Yanfen, ZHANG Wei. How Emotional Valence Affect the Reactive Control and Proactive Control of college students with Different Level of Depression [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2017, 15(6): 807-814.
[13]	JIN Tonglin, LU Guizhi, ZHANG Lu, LI Xiaoxiao, ZHANG Li. The Relationship between Person-Organization Fit and Employee Creativity: A Mediated Moderation Model [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2017, 15(6): 846-852.
[14]	ZHANG Pengcheng, DING Mengxia, WANG Canming. The Effect of Positive Emotion Experience on Creativity Based on an Empirical Study [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2017, 15(5): 613-618.
[15]	Zhang Jing, Shu Zeng, Hu Weiping, Su Hanyin, He Qiong, Leng Lu, Fang Xiaoyi. Teachers' Creativity Fostering Behaviors and Students' Creative Self-efficacy: A Moderated Mediation Model [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2017, 15(1): 92-100.