Personality Types of Primary and Secondary School Teachers and Their Moderating Effects on the Relationship Between Work Family Balance and Work Performance

Abstract

Abstract: Using the method of latent profile, the present study was to analyze and explore the personality types of primary and middle school teachers, and to test its role in regulating the relationship between work family balance and work performance. The results of a survey of 895 primary and middle school teachers in Guizhou showed that: 1) The personality of primary and middle school teachers could be classified into three types (i.e., over-controlling, mental resilient, and emotional). Among them, the proportion of teachers with mental resilient type was the highest, followed by the emotional type, and the proportion of teachers with over-controlling type was the least. There were significant differences in work performance between teachers of different personality types. 2) Personality types moderated the relationship between work family balance and work performance. The work family balance of teachers with mental resilient type or with emotional type was significantly positive in predicting work performance, while that of teachers with over-controlling personality had no positive predictive effect on work performance.

Key words: work family balance, work performance, big five personality, latent profile analysis

摘要： 应用潜剖面分析探索中小学教师人格类型，检验其对工作家庭平衡和工作绩效关系的调节作用。对贵州省895名中小学教师的调查结果表明：（1）中小学教师的人格可分为过度控制型、心理弹性型和情绪型三种类型，其中心理弹性型占比最高，情绪型次之，过度控制型最少，不同人格类型的教师工作绩效差异显著。（2）人格类型可以调节工作家庭平衡与工作绩效的关系，表现为心理弹性型和情绪型教师工作家庭平衡显著正向预测工作绩效，过度控制型教师工作家庭平衡对工作绩效的正向预测作用不显著。

关键词: 工作家庭平衡, 工作绩效, 大五人格, 潜在剖面分析

CLC Number:

B849

ZENG Lianping, TIAN Dandan, HUANG Yafu, ZHAO Shouying. Personality Types of Primary and Secondary School Teachers and Their Moderating Effects on the Relationship Between Work Family Balance and Work Performance[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(2): 280-286.

曾练平, 田丹丹, 黄亚夫, 赵守盈. 中小学教师人格类型及其对工作家庭平衡与工作绩效关系的调节作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(2): 280-286.

References

陈春晓, 张剑, 张莹, 田慧荣. (2020). 员工工作动机和工作投入与心理幸福感的关系. 中国心理卫生杂志, 34(1), 51–55
陈晓暾, 党艺伟, 葛雅利. (2019). 领导排斥对员工创新绩效的影响:反馈寻求行为和神经质的作用. 领导科学, (24), 87–90, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-2606.2019.24.026
姜红, 孙健敏, 姜金秋. (2017). 高校教师人格特征与工作绩效的关系: 组织认同的调节作用. 教师教育研究, 29(1), 79–86
金灿灿, 邹泓. (2013). 父母监控与青少年网络偏差行为的关系: 人格类型的调节作用. 中国特殊教育, (6), 63–68, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-3728.2013.06.012
李涛. (2019). 基于资源保存理论的人–组织匹配对高校青年教师工作满意度的影响研究——工作家庭平衡的中介作用. 华南师范大学学报(社会科学版), (5), 122–131
刘金培, 宋晓霞, 方琼红, 朱磊. (2017). 人格特征如何影响创新型员工工作绩效?——基于敬业度的中介作用. 科技管理研究, 37(4), 149–154. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7695.2017.04.026.
刘文婧, 许志星, 邹泓. (2012). 父母教养方式对青少年社会适应的影响:人格类型的调节作用. 心理发展与教育, 28(6), 625–633
刘正君. (2018). 领导宽恕与员工绩效——一个被有效调节的曲线模型. 领导科学, (20), 54–56, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-2606.2018.20.017
龙立荣. (2001). 职业生涯管理的结构及其关系研究 (博士学位论文). 中国科学院研究生院, 北京.
卢冬君. (2015). 基于组织行为学理论的中小学教师敬业度分析. 教育研究与实验, (3), 73–76
罗杰, 刘振会, 蹇世琼, 王孟成. (2019). 中文形容词大五人格量表简式版在小学教师群体中的应用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 27(3), 534–538
苏斌原, 张洁婷, 喻承甫, 张卫. (2015). 大学生心理行为问题的识别:基于潜在剖面分析. 心理发展与教育, 31(3), 350–359
汪先平. (2013). 小学教师专业性格的特征及塑造. 教学与管理, (21), 57–58
杨忠萍. (2019). 双职工工作家庭平衡的测评及其应用研究 (硕士学位论文). 贵州师范大学, 贵阳.
于悦, 周明洁, 郭昫澄, 贺琼, 张建新. (2016). 国企员工工作–家庭平衡对工作投入及满意度的影响:人格的调节作用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 24(3), 504–508
赵富强, 黄颢宇, 陈耘, 张秋红. (2018). 工作–家庭平衡型人力资源管理实践对工作绩效的影响:工作–家庭关系的中介作用与心理资本的调节作用. 中国人力资源开发, 35(11), 124–140
赵富强, 罗奎, 张光磊, 陈耘. (2016). 基于资源保存理论的工作家庭冲突对工作绩效的影响研究. 中国人力资源开发, 33(21), 25–33
邹佳颖. (2019). 中小学教师职业认同与工作绩效的关系——心理资本和工作–家庭增益的链式中介作用 (硕士学位论文). 济南大学.
邹容, 谢笑春, 李晶晶, 洪晓彬, 范翠英. (2019). 中学生人格类型与生活满意度的关系. 中国学校卫生, 40(10), 1506–1508
Carlson, D. S., Grzywacz, J. G., & Zivnuska, S. (2009). Is work-family balance more than conflict and enrichment? Human Relations, 62(10), 1459–1486, doi: 10.1177/0018726709336500.
Clark, S. C. (2000). Work/family border theory: A new theory of work/family balance. Human Relations, 53(6), 747–770, doi: 10.1177/0018726700536001.
Eysenck, H. J. (1992). Four ways five factors are not basic. Personality and Individual Differences, 13(6), 667–673, doi: 10.1016/0191-8869(92)90237-J.
Fischer, R., & Boer, D. (2015). Motivational basis of personality traits: A meta-analysis of value-personality correlations. Journal of Personality, 83(5), 491–510, doi: 10.1111/jopy.12125.
Gabriel, A. S., Daniels, M. A., Diefendorff, J. M., & Greguras, G. J. (2015). Emotional labor actors: A latent profile analysis of emotional labor strategies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 100(3), 863–879, doi: 10.1037/a0037408.
Gould, S. (1979). Characteristics of career planners in upwardly mobile occupations. Academy of Management Journal, 22(3), 539–550.
Judge, T. A., & Zapata, C. P. (2015). The person-situation debate revisited: Effect of situation strength and trait activation on the validity of the Big Five Personality traits in predicting job performance. Academy of Management Journal, 58(4), 1149–1179, doi: 10.5465/amj.2010.0837.
Jung Choi, H., & Tae Kim, Y. (2012). Work-family conflict, work-family facilitation, and job outcomes in the Korean hotel industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 24(7), 1011–1028, doi: 10.1108/09596111211258892.
Kaya, C., Ataman, G., & Aydin, B. Y. (2017). Workplace ostracism and work engagement: The moderating role of neuroticism. International Journal of Business and Management, (2), 17–28.
Kinnunen, M. L., Metsäpelto, R. L., Feldt, T., Kokko, K., Tolvanen, A., Kinnunen, U., … Pulkkinen, L. E. A. (2012). Personality profiles and health: Longitudinal evidence among Finnish adults. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 53(6), 512–522, doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.2012.00969.x.
Kokkinos, C. M. (2007). Job stressors, personality and burnout in primary school teachers. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 77(1), 229–243, doi: 10.1348/000709905X90344.
Merz, E. L., & Roesch, S. C. (2011). A latent profile analysis of the Five Factor Model of personality: Modeling trait interactions. Personality and Individual Differences, 51(8), 915–919, doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2011.07.022.
Muse, L. A., & Pichler, S. (2011). A comparison of types of support for lower-skill workers: Evidence for the importance of family supportive supervisors. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79(3), 653–666, doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2011.04.005.
Pazy, A. (1988). Joint responsibility: The relationships between organizational and individual career management and the effectiveness of careers. Group and Organization Management, 13(3), 311–331, doi: 10.1177/105960118801300305.
Perera, H. N., Granziera, H., & McIlveen, P. (2018). Profiles of teacher personality and relations with teacher self-efficacy, work engagement, and job satisfaction. Personality and Individual Differences, 120, 171–178, doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.08.034.
Tuteja, N., & Sharma, P. K. (2018). Linking job performance and Big Five Personality traits of employees in Chandigarh IT sector. Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science and English Language, 6(26), 7358–7370.
Zhang, J. T., Bray, B. C., Zhang, M. Q., & Lanza, S. T. (2015). Personality profiles and frequent heavy drinking in young adulthood. Personality and Individual Differences, 80, 18–21, doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2015.01.054.
Zhang, X. T., Wang, M. C., He, L. N., Jie, L., & Deng, J. X. (2019). The development and psychometric evaluation of the Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory-15. PLoS ONE, 14(8), e0221621, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221621.

[1]	CHENG Gang, ZOU Yan, YU Wei, DING Fangyuan, JIA Yuncheng. The Relationship Between the Big Five Personality and the Trajectory of High School Freshmen’s Subjective Social Status During the School Transition Period: A Latent Growth Curve Model [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(5): 692-699.
[2]	ZHANG Xinyu, SUN Qi, ZHOU Guangdong, Li Bing. A Latent Profile Analysis to Symptoms of Eating Disorder in College Students and Its Relation to Depression [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(1): 73-79.
[3]	WANG Jiaying, YAO Meilin, LIU Hongrui. Relationships Among Teachers’ Achievement Goals, Self-Efficacy, Anxiety, and Work Engagement: Variable-Centered and Person-Centered Perspectives [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(1): 122-129.
[4]	SHI Zifu, TANG Wanqiu, XIE Yuntian. Relationship Between Cognitive Needs and Math Academic Performance of Junior High School Students: Based on Latent Profile Analysis [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(4): 480-485.
[5]	WU Min, SUN Liping, LIANG Lichan, BIAN Yufang. Heterogeneity of Psychological Capital of Rural Primary Boarders and Its Social Adaptation: Evidence Based on Latent Profile Analysis [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(2): 186-192.
[6]	LI Changzhu, ZHENG Shichun, LU Suo, ZHANG Yuqing, LIU Zhengkui. The Relation Between the Neuroticism of Big Five Personality and Heart Rate Variability: A Correlation Study [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2020, 18(2): 275-280.
[7]	MIAO Peijun, XIE Shanshan, CHEN Zefei, LIAN Rong. The Relationship Between Psychological Resilience and Job Burnout in Preschool Teachers: Testing the Mediating Roles of Big Five Personality [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2018, 16(4): 512-517.
[8]	LIU Dan, ZHANG Jianxin, ZHANG Mingyan. Relationship between Discipline Inspector's Tolerance of Corruption and Organizational Loyalty [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2018, 16(1): 130-138.
[9]	FENG Yonghui, PENG Yunshi. Stress and Adolescents' Smoking: The Moderating Effect of Personality and Gender [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2017, 15(5): 697-701.
[10]	Wu Peng, Ma Sangni, Fang Ziqiong, Xu Bibo, Liu Huashan. The Latent Classes of Parenting Style: An Application of Latent Profile Analysis [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2016, 14(4): 523-530.
[11]	Liu Xu, Lv Yanhong, Ma Qiuping, Guo Fei, Yan Xiaojing, Ji Linqin. The Basic Features and Patterns of Character Strengths among Children and Adolescents in China [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2016, 14(2): 167-176.