Abstract: The current study utilized eye tracking to investigate attention bias underlying familiar versus unfamiliar face processing in autism. Eye movements of 11 autistic infants and 11 matched typically developing participants were recorded while passively viewing three face categories in the condition of multiple competition: a repeating highly familiar face, unfamiliar non-repeating faces, and a repeating previously unfamiliar face. Results showed that: (1) the autistic infants detect the 3 categories faces significantly more slowly than typically developing children, and fixation duration of them on the 3 categories faces were significantly less than the control group; (2) like with the typically children, autistic infants showed a detection biases for novel faces and a processing biases for familiar face in the target frame that the novel faces were detected significantly faster and the familiar faces were fixated significantly longer as compared to other categories. In conclusion,compared to the typically developing children, the autistic infant showed a similar pattern, however, the efficiency of faces detection and processing are more inferior. Familiar faces detection is not prioritized in comparison to other categories but rather to a difficulty to disengage attention.

Key words: autism, familiar face, attention bias.

摘要： 探讨自闭症幼儿对熟悉面孔的注意偏向，选取11名自闭症幼儿和11名正常幼儿，采用眼动追踪技术，采集在多重竞争条件下其观看不同熟悉度面孔图片的视觉指标。结果显示：（1）自闭症幼儿对不同熟悉度面孔的觉察时间均显著长于正常幼儿，对各类面孔的注视时间均显著少于正常幼儿；（2）自闭症幼儿与正常幼儿一样，优先觉察陌生面孔，对熟悉面孔注意维持时间最长。结果表明，自闭症儿童对面孔的觉察、加工的效率劣于正常儿童，但其模式与正常儿童相似；熟悉面孔没有优先觉察效应，但对其注视时间更久。

关键词: 自闭症, 熟悉面孔, 注意偏向。