Evaluation of Face Trustworthiness and Its Relationship with Trust Propensity

Abstract

Abstract: By the trust evaluations of randomly generated 300 faces, we found that, participants rated the unfamiliar faces in different trustworthiness levels. Which suggested that initial trust was directly influenced by trustworthiness level based on facial features. This study showed the characteristics of face trust evaluation, and then further explored its relationships with trust propensity. Results showed that there were significant positive correlations between trust propensity and face evaluation, and the correlation was remarkable between the evaluation of untrustworthy faces and trust propensity. These results suggested that the trustworthiness of face and trust propensity were two important factors in the period of initial trust establishment.

Key words: trust evaluation, facial trustworthiness, trust propensity, initial trust

摘要： 68名大学生对随机生成的300张面孔进行是否值得信任的评价,结果显示评价者对陌生面孔的初始信任程度不同,表明由结构特征所决定的面孔可信度的高低直接影响了评价者对其信任程度的高低。随后研究进一步考察了信任倾向与面孔信任评价间的关系,结果表明信任倾向与面孔信任评价间存在显著正相关,其中在“不值得信任面孔”评价中表现尤为显著。这些结果表明,面孔可信度和信任倾向两因素对于初始信任判断具有重要的影响作用。

关键词: 信任评价, 面孔可信度, 信任倾向, 初始信任

CLC Number:

B849

Xu Fen, Cai Weixiang, Ma Fengling, Wu Dingcheng. Evaluation of Face Trustworthiness and Its Relationship with Trust Propensity[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2013, 11(4): 433-439.

徐芬, 蔡维香, 马凤玲, 吴定诚. 面孔信任评价及其与信任倾向的关系[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2013, 11(4): 433-439.

References

1 Antoakis, J., & Dalgas, O.(2009). Predicting elections: child's play! Science, 323 (5918), 1183.
2 Ballew, C. C., & Todorov, A.(2007). Predicting political elections from rapid and unreflective face judgments. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 104 (46), 17948-17953.
3 Bernerth, J. B., & Walker, H. J.(2009). Propensity to trust and the impact on social exchange. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 15 (3), 217-226.
4 Brownlow, S.(1992). Seeing is believing: facial appearance, credibility, and attitude change. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 16 (2), 101-115.
5 Chen, M., & Bargh, J. A.(1999). Consequences of automatic evaluation: immediate behavioral predispositions to approach or avoid the stimulus. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25 (2), 215-224.
6 Eagly, A. H., Ashmore, R. D., Makhijani, M. G., & Longo, L. C.(1991). What is beautiful is good, but…: a meta-analytic review of research on the physical attractiveness stereotype. Psychological Bulletin, 110 (1), 109-128.
7 Engell, A. D., Haxby, J. V., & Todorov, A.(2007). Implicit trustworthiness decisions: Automatic coding of face properties in the human amygdala. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 19 (9), 1508-1519.
8 Gill, H., Boies, K., Finegan, J. E., & McNally, J.(2005). Antecedents of trust: establishing a boundary condition for the relation between propensity to trust and intention to Trust. Journal of Business and Psychology, 19 (3), 287-302.
9 Little, A. C., Burriss, R. P., Jones, B. C., & Roberts, S. C.(2007). Facial appearance affects voting decisions. Evolution and Human Behavior, 28 (1), 18-27.
10 Lowery, B. S., Hardin, C. D., & Sinclair, S.(2001). Social influence effects on automatic racial prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81 (5), 842-855.
11 Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H., & Schoorman, F. D.(1995). An integrative model of organizational trust. Academy of Management Review, 20 (3), 709-734.
12 McKnight, D. H., Cummings, L. L., & Chervany, N. L.(1998). Initial trust formation in new organizational relationships. Academy of Management Review, 23 (3), 473-490.
13 Olivola, C. Y., & Todorov, A.(2010). Elected in 100 milliseconds: Appearance-based trait inferences and voting. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 34 (2), 83-110.
14 Oosterhof, N. N., & Todorov, A.(2008). The functional basis of face evaluation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105 (32), 11087-11092.
15 Oosterhof, N. N., & Todorov, A.(2009). Shared perceptual basis of emotional expressions and trustworthiness impressions from faces. Emotion, 9 (1), 128-133.
16 Rotter, J. B.(1967). A new scale for the measurement of interpersonal trust. Journal of Personality, 35 (4), 651-655.
17 Rotter, J. B.(1971). Generalized expectancies for interpersonal trust. American Psychologist, 26 (5), 443-452.
18 Rotter, J. B.(1980). Interpersonal trust, trustworthiness, and gullibility. American Psychologist, 35 (1), 1-7.
19 Spector, M. D., & Jones, G. E.(2004). Trust in the workplace: factors affecting trust formation between team members. The Journal of Social Psychology, 144 (3), 311-321.
20 Stirrat, M., & Perrett, D. I.(2010). Valid facial cues to cooperation and trust: male facial width and trustworthiness. Psychological Science, 21 (23), 349-354.
21 Todorov, A., & Uleman, J. S.(2002). Spontaneous trait inferences are bound to actors′ faces: Evidence from a false recognition paradigm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83 (5), 1051-1065.
22 Todorov, A., Mandisodza, A. N., Goren, A., & Hall, C. C.(2005). Inferences of competence from faces predict election outcomes. Science, 308 (5728), 1623-1626.
23 Todorov, A.(2008). Evaluating faces on trustworthiness: An extension of systems for recognition of emotions signaling approach/avoidance behaviors. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1124 (1), 208-224.
24 Todorov, A., Baron, S. G., & Oosterhof, N. N.(2008). Evaluating face trustworthiness: a model based approach. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 3 (2), 119-127.
25 Vannatta, K., & Gartstein, M. A., & Zeller, M., et al.(2009). Peer acceptance and social behavior during childhood and adolescence: how important are appearance, athleticism, and academic competence? International Journal of Behavioral Development, 33 (4), 303-311.

[1]	YOU Xuqun, LI Qianqin, ZHANG Zhenyu, HUANG Pujiang, LIU Zhiyuan. Effectiveness of N-Back Working Memory Training: An Evidence from Meta-Analysis [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(6): 794-801.
[2]	XIONG Sicheng, ZHANG Bin, JIANG Yongzhi, JIANG Huaibin, CHENG Yun. Global Prevalence of Mobile Phone Addiction: A Meta-Analysis [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(6): 802-808.
[3]	GUO Ying, FAN Fumin, ZHANG Yingjun, LIU Yu. Development of the Competence Scale for Group Leaders [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(6): 809-815.
[4]	YAO Chong, HUI Qi, WANG Yuan, XI Haisha, LUO Chaoliang. Research on the Relationship Between Social Support and Job Burnout of Government-Supported Normal Teachers [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(6): 816-823.
[5]	LI Feifei, JIAO Runkai, LIU Dan, YIN Hang. Career Calling and Gratitude Trait in Kindergarten Teachers: A Cross-Lagged Analysis [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(6): 824-830.
[6]	ZHOU Yanbang, LI Qiang, BAO Qing. The Prominent Effect and Compatibility Effect of Intertemporal Preference Reversal [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(6): 831-837.
[7]	HOU Juan, ZHENG Xinyi, WANG Xiu, FANG Xiaoyi. The Effect of Money Priming and Time Priming on Mate Selection [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(6): 838-844.
[8]	DOU Yunlai, SHEN Yimo. How Does Participative Leadership Impact on the Employees’ Performance? Moderated Mediating Effect [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(6): 845-852.
[9]	YANG Huai, GONG Shaoying, MIAO Tianchang, LI Weihe. The Relationship Between the Congruence of Boundary Management and the University Counselors’ Job Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Job Engagement [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(6): 853-860.
[10]	WANG Yanli, CHEN Hong. The Development of Sense of Gain Questionnaire Among Urban Community Residents [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(5): 665-670.
[11]	JIA Xiaoshan, ZHU Haidong. Socioeconomic Status and Mental Health in Children and Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(5): 671-678.
[12]	HUANG Mingming, CHEN Liping, GUO Liping, ZHAO Shouying. The Relationship of Work-Family Conflict and Preschool Teachers’ Turnover Intentions: The Sequential Mediating Roles of Professional Identity and Job Burnout [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(5): 679-686.
[13]	LIU Chuanjun, XIE Zhongju, WANG Xingyuan. Will Incidental Happiness Reduce the Agent’s Moral Norms Sensitivity? [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(5): 687-694.
[14]	ZHANG Xiaoyu, ZHU Haiyan, CHEN Fengjiao, SU Xinyue. No Place Better than Hometown: The Influence of Hometown Label on Emotional Evaluation and Value Evaluation for Landscape Images [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(5): 695-700.
[15]	SU Mingyu, WANG Guangming. STEAM Training Can Improve Pupils’ Attentional Inhibition and Attentional Concentration Ability [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(5): 701-705.