Abstract: Moral emotions arise when a person recognize that one's behavior transgresses moral norms or standards. Based on different criterions, moral emotions can be classified into different clusters. Among them, self-conscious emotions, which involve self-awareness and self-evaluation, have been concerned. Research has suggested that the development of moral emotions might be influence by various factors，such as temperament and parenting. Besides, both behavioral and neurological evidences have documented that moral emotions have a key effect on moral behaviors and the factors related to moral behaviors. Although it is believed that different moral emotions are associated with different behaviors, no consistent conclusions have been drawn. Thus, we proposed that future studies should focus on the potential mechanisms of the link between moral emotions and behaviors. Neuroscience studies were also suggested. Additionally, more attention should be paid to the dynamic associations between moral emotions and moral behaviors among young children, and more practical applications are needed.

Key words: moral emotion, moral behavior, guilt, shame, pride.

摘要： 道德情绪是在个体根据社会规范或行为准则对行为进行评价时所产生的情绪，可以根据不同的标准进行划分；道德情绪中的自我意识情绪需要自我意识和自我评价等过程的参与，其发展也受众多内外因素的影响；道德情绪具有重要的社会功能，行为和神经科学层面的研究都表明道德情绪对于个体的道德行为及相关因素有重要影响；不同的道德情绪对行为的影响存在差异，且现有的相关研究结果仍存在争议；未来研究应该加强关于道德情绪对道德行为影响的内在机制及脑科学研究，同时还应较多关注道德情绪及道德行为在较小儿童上的发展及实际应用。

关键词: 道德情绪, 道德行为, 内疚, 羞耻, 自豪