Abstract: The subjective social class is the position of the individual in the society when compared with others. In order to clarify the relationship between subjective social class and prosocial behavior, and the role of social distance, this study examined the effect of subjective social class on interpersonal relations orientation and altruistic behavior. In experiment 1, the questionnaire survey was used to investigate the differences of relationship orientation between high and low subjective social class. The result showed that the participants with high subjective social class exhibited higher scores on the communal relationship orientation scale than those with low subjective social class. In experiment 2, participants were randomly assigned to conditions in which they were primed with low and high feelings of subjective social class, then they were measured the altruistic behavior in the different conditions of short and far social distance. The measurement of altruistic behavior was based on the dictator game of amount allocation. The result showed that the subjective social class and the social distance had significant interaction effects to altruistic behavior. Simple effect test results showed that, there was no significant difference in altruistic behavior to short social distance between high and lower class, but the high class showed more altruism to the far social distance than the lower class. These results suggest that the higher subjective social class will exhibit more prosocial behavior, and the social distance has a moderating effect between subjective social class and prosocial behavior.

Key words: subjective social class, prosocial behavior, social distance, relationship orientation, altruistic behavior

摘要： 从特质性的主观阶层感和情境性的主观阶层感两个角度考察了主观社会阶层对个体亲社会行为的影响。实验1采用问卷调查法，发现主观社会阶层较高的被试在人际关系取向上更倾向于共享关系取向。实验2采用材料启动法，发现对社会距离近的他人，高阶层与低阶层利他行为差异不显著；对社会距离远的他人，高阶层的利他行为显著大于低阶层组。研究结论：主观社会阶层较高的个体表现出更多的亲社会行为；社会距离起调节作用。

关键词: 主观社会阶层, 亲社会行为, 社会距离, 人际关系取向, 利他行为