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20 May 2014, Volume 12 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Effects of Maintaining Verbal Working Memory on Time Perception Bi Cuihua,Huang Xiting 2014, 12(3):  289-293.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics This study employed a dual-task approach which combined of working memory and time judgment task to investigate the effects of maintenance of verbal working memory on time perception. We manipulated memory load and ISI (ISI: the time interval from offset of memory items to onset of time judgment task). The results showed that perceived duration was shortened, temporal sensitivity was decreased and decision time was lengthened as memory load increased. On the other hand, when ISI became shorter, shorter duration and longer decision time occurred. The results demonstrated that that time-keeping process and decision process were not independent, removing the possibility of their trade-off. However, the interaction between memory load and ISI had no effect on timing performance. These findings suggest that memory load and ISI influence time perception in separate approaches, and that working memory resource are shared by verbal working memory and temporal information processing.

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Is Vividness of Emotional Memory Accurate Qian Guoying,Jiang Yuan,Fang Ping 2014, 12(3):  294-297.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics In the present study, remember/know experimental paradigms of recognition were used to investigate the relationship of vividness and accurate of emotional memory. The stimuli were positive, negative and neutral pictures. The results showed that: 1) the enhanced remembering was much more by the emotional stimulus than neutral one, which showed emotional memory is more vivid; 2) vividness of emotional memory related accurate of emotional memory, and the relationship was significant on positive, negative or neutral pictures, which showed vividness of emotional memory was often associated with recovery of central contextual details.

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The Perceptual Span in Chinese When Reading Sentence Constructed by One-Character Words Tong Wen,Liu Nina,Fu Gan,Yan Guoli 2014, 12(3):  298-303.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The question concerning the basic processing unit in Chinese reading is a controversial issue. The present study examines this question by investigating the perceptual span when reading sentences that consisted entirely of one-character words. The moving window paradigm was used in this experiment. 120 sentences were presented in four different window conditions (L1R1, L1R2, L1R3, L1R4) and one normal condition. 20 participants’ data were collected. The results showed that the perceptual span was 2 characters to the right in these specific sentences. Prior research (CITATION) shows that when using sentences with words of varying lengths the perceptual span extends up to three characters to the right of fixation. The fact that the window was smaller with exclusively one-character words suggests the window is determined in terms of numbers of words, rather than characters. To some extent, it provides evidence that the unit of Chinese reading processing is based on words instead of the characters.

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The Study of Eye Movements in Features Process During Multiple Object Tracking Zhang Binyi,Ding Jinhong 2014, 12(3):  304-309.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The study investigated how the object color are processed by visual attention and presented by the eye movements during a multiple-object tracking (MOT) task,in which their eye movements were monitored.Results indicated that objects color could be encoded by visual system, but the degree which the color assisted tracking was limited by the competitive relationships between targets and distractions. The visual system used perceptual grouping strategy to fixate closer to the center of the polygon formed by the targets during MOT. The color of targets attract more exogenous attention , visual attention was influenced by exogenous and endogenous attention.

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An Eye Movement Study on Lexical Frequency Effect in Picture Naming Chen Xi,Weng Qiuxia 2014, 12(3):  310-314.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics There were two hypotheses about lexical frequency effect in picture naming, which one was input hypothesis and the other one was lexical access hypothesis. Almeida found lexical frequency effect in a delayed picture naming task and suggested that the lexical frequency effect was a signature effect of lexical access. Because their experiment dependent variable was reaction time, the lexical access could not be separated from the output stage. In current experiment, not only familiarity of pictures was controlled, but also fixation time on picture was used to reveal lexical access in a delayed picture naming task. The result showed that the fixation time on the picture not the output stage was modulated by lexical frequency, which further confirmed the lexical access hypothesis.

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Nonconscious Priming of Feelings of Power: An Study on Methods Yun Xiang,Li Xiaoping 2014, 12(3):  315-320.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Contextual priming is an important method in power researching from the perspective of implicit social cognitive. This article first describes the research techniques of two methods (contextual priming and mindset priming) of contextual priming, and then checks the applicability and validity of two methods in Chinese background by two experiments, and come to a conclusion that these two methods are applicable and valid , are possible to applied in power priming study in China. Finally, the paradigm, methods differences and mechanism of power conceptual priming and power mindset priming are discussed.

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A Research on Mixed Emotion Development of the Elementary School Children Shi Guoxing,Sun Guifeng 2014, 12(3):  321-325.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics This study trys to explore the development situation of the elementary school childrens understanding of mixed emotion through semi-structured interviews and the method of test with the classical mixed emotion understanding and 242 elementary school students. The research results are as follows: 1)There is significant age effect on the primary school childrens understanding level of mixed emotion.It presents that the mixed emotion understanding level is gradually improved and increased with ages. 2) There is significant differences between the mixed emotion understanding ability to others and the mixed emotion understanding ability to themself . The understanding of the mixed emotion to others is the foundation of mixed understand to self. 3) There is significant differences between the same nature`s and the different (conflicting) nature`s mixed emotion understanding. The different nature (conflicting) mixed emotion understanding ability is developed later. So the conclusion of the research is that the mixed emotion understanding ability is rapid development in the primary school stage, showing the significant differences among the age, the object of understanding, emotional nature.

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Mediating Role of Learning Persistence and Engagement in Relations among Self-Efficacy, Intrinsic Value and Academic Achievement Wei Jun,Liu Rude,He Yili,Tang Ming,Di Miaoci,Zhuang Hongjuan 2014, 12(3):  326-332.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics This study aims to explore the mediating role of learning persistence and engagement in relations among self-efficacy, intrinsic value and academic achievement. 407 primary school students completed questionnaires measuring learning persistence, self-efficacy, intrinsic value, and engagement. Students mid-term test scores were collected as objective parameters of achievement. The results showed that learning persistence positively correlated with self-efficacy, intrinsic value, engagement, and academic achievement. Besides, learning persistence partially mediated the relation between self-efficacy and engagement, as well as the relation between intrinsic value and engagement. Moreover, learning persistence significantly influence academic achievement through the mediating effect of engagement.

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Emotion Regulation’s Intermediate Effect Between Adolescent’s Self-identity Status and Father Neglect Wu Guolai,Zhong Qiongyao,Chen Hanqing 2014, 12(3):  333-338.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics According to previous scholars concluded that the emotion regulation as the intermediary, we discuss the mechanism that father neglect impact on adolescent self-identity. Data of Neglect-Father Scales,Emotion Regulation Scale(ERS) and The Dimensions of Identity Development Scale(DIDS) were collected and analyzed from a sample of 521 high school students. Results show that: Emotional distance and cognitive reappraisal had a strong predictive power for their self-identity. And cognitive reappraisal was the role of part intermediate in emotional distance and identity; also in father involvement and identity.

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Development and Application of Guilt and Shame Situation-Based Scales for Middle School Students: Based on the Research about Moral Emotion in the Multi-Ethnic Mixed Schools Yang Ling,Wang Hantao,Zhou Yanyan 2014, 12(3):  339-344.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Developed guilt and shame situation-based scales for middle school students and evaluated the characteristics of theirs guilt and shame. 2000 Students in the multi-ethnic mixed school responded to the scale. Results: Item analysis showed that the 20 items complied with the standard of Psychometric and the critical ration of the items were significant. Internal consistency analysis showed the Cronbachs α coefficient were 0.865, 0.870 and splited reliability were 0.814, 0.831, respectively; Factor analysis showed that the scale has good construct validity. Overall, the guilt was significantly higher than the shame in the middle school students, but gender and grades differences were found. Psychometric properties analysis shows that the scale achieves from good to excellent levels of the reliability and validity, so it can be used to test students in the multi-ethnic mixed schools.

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Development and Psychometric Validity of the Self-Regulation Scale Jiang Yingjie,Wang Yu,Yan Yan 2014, 12(3):  345-350.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The present paper describes the development of a self-report instrument to assess individuals self-regulation on the internet usage. From the scales being made, first surveyed, emended and remeasured, there were four dimensions confirmed, they were knowledge of internet usage, knowledge of internet-addiction, experience of internet-involvement and reg gulation behavior. The reliability and the validity of the scale was evaluated by a number of studies involving more 287 subjects. Criterion related validity of the Self-Regulation Scale was achieved by correlations with Adolescent Pathological Internet Use Scale (APIUS). The result indicated that pathological Internet usage was significantly and negatively correlated to ability of self-regulation across the entire range of consumption. The difference of self-regulation ability was significant between internet-addict and non-addict. Preliminary findings indicate that the SCS might be a useful instrument in research on self-control.

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The Relationship of College Students Social Support and Well-Being:The Mediating Role of Social Self-Esteem Li Yanjun,Zhu Xiaoshuang,Chen Yinghe 2014, 12(3):  351-356.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics This articleused Perceived social support scale, Texas Social Behavior Inventory and Multiple Happiness Questionnaire to survey 330 college students. It aimed to establish an equation including social support, social self-esteem and well-being and to explore the mediating role of social self-esteem between social support and well-being. The results showed that: 1) The college students social support has a significant positive prediction function for their social self-esteem, subjective well-being and psychological well-being; 2) College students social self-esteem on subjective well-being and psychological well-being has remarkable positive forecast function; 3) Social support can impact on subjective well-being and psychological well-being directly, it also can affect subjective well-being and psychological well-being through social self-esteem indirectly.

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The Relationship Between Internet Addiction and Life Events of College Students: The Mediating Effect of Escape Motivation Wei Hua,Zhou Zongkui,Li Xiong,Luo Qing,Gao Jie 2014, 12(3):  357-361.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics 472 college students were investigated to examine the relationships among stress life events, escape motivation of online game and online game addiction. The result suggest that: 1) There is a positive significant correlation among stress life events, escape motivation of online game and online game addiction. 2) There are not only indirect relation between stress life events and online game addiction through the mediator effect of escape motivation of online game, but also direct relation.

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Family Function, Resilience and Differentiation of Self in College Students Wang Yanyan,An Qin,Fang Qing 2014, 12(3):  362-365.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics To explore the mediating effect of resilience on the relation of family function to differentiation of self. Totally 378 college students completed the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale, Differentiation of Self Inventory, and Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents. Results, 1) The college students family function and differentiation of self were positively correlated with resilience. 2) The regression analysis showed that, the resilience factors of affect control, family support and help-seeking could predict differentiation of self to a certain extent. 3) Hierarchical regression analysis suggested that, considering all factors of resilience, cohesion of family function predicted differentiation of self significantly, but the effect was lower. Conclusion, Affect control, family support and help-seeking could partly have mediating effects on relation of cohesion of family function to differentiation of self.

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The Effect of English Reading Strategy Instruction on Non-English Major College Students Geng Xun,Xu Sheng 2014, 12(3):  366-370.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The article aims to explore the effect of English reading strategy instruction on the strategy use and reading ability of non-English major college students. In the study, the researcher carried out one-terms English reading strategy instruction, and made use of several reading tests and reading strategy questionnaire. The results indicate that English reading strategy instruction has a positive effect on both the use of English reading strategies and reading ability in English. In addition, compared with the high level readers, the low and middle level readers can benefit more from the strategy instruction.

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The Effect of Trust on Advice Taking in Career Decision-Making Process Kang Tinghu,Pang Qian,Zhang Feng 2014, 12(3):  371-376.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Career decision-making was an important matter for college students, and it usually required advice from others. Adopting Judge-Advisor System, this research investigated 62 college students, and explored the influence of trust and advice type on advice taking in career decision-making process. Results showed that: 1) Decision makers tended to insist on the initial faith in the final confidence; 2) The interaction between trust and advice type significantly affected advice taking, under the consistency of judges initial decision and advisors advice, the level of trust in the advisor had no influence on advice taking, whereas trust was a important predictor on advice taking under the inconsistency condition; 3) High confidence by advisors had a positive impact on Judges weight of advice, which significantly weakened the influence of trust on advice taking in career decision-making process. Current findings suggested that the effect of trust on advice taking depended on advice type, as well as advisors confidence.

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The Effects of Tolerance of Uncertainty on Decision Preference in Ambiguity Decision-Making and its Context-Dependency Huang Renhui,Zeng Xiaoqing,Li Wenhu 2014, 12(3):  377-383.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics This research investigated the influences of tolerance of uncertainty(TU) and other variables on decision preference in ambiguity decision-making. The results showed that when the probability was large or small, there was no difference between the high and low TU groups in choosing the ambiguous urn whether in the gain condition or in the loss condition. When the probability was large, they were both trend to avoid ambiguity in the gain condition and switched to seek ambiguity in the loss condition. When the probability was small, they were both subject to be ambiguity neutral in the gain condition and switched to avoid ambiguity in the loss condition. The participants with low TU showed significantly less ambiguity aversion compared with ones with high TU when probability of gain events was moderate, The former was ambiguity neutral, but the latter was ambiguity aversion; The participants with low TU were more likely to seek ambiguity compared with ones with high TU when probability of loss events was moderate, The former was ambiguity seeking, but the latter was ambiguity neutral. Taken together, these findings indicated that TU could influence ambiguity preferences and the influence was context-dependent.

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The Intervention Study of Adolescences Life Education Xu Xiaoying,Liu Shihong,Li Dan,Zong Aidong 2014, 12(3):  384-390.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The study is a trial for the life education on the basis of students` life cognition, and life satisfaction. The six-month, self-teaching intervention recruited two classes as experimental group from Grade 7th and Grade 10th students. The results showed: 1) The education strengthened adolescent ′s life satisfaction for parent-child relationships and life procedure to establish the individual internal support systems, and also relieved the negative effects of life stress events to deepen the positive emotion expression for life and death; 2) The intervention effectively enhance the life cognitive and emotional dimension, conceptual understanding and emotional expression, to promote logical and positive perspective towards life and death.

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The Intervention Effect of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on College Students with Mobile Phone Addiction Zhang Xiaoxu,Zhu Haixue 2014, 12(3):  391-394.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics This research filters 60 subjects from 820 s by using SAS and MPAI scale, and then randomly assigns them to the experimental group and the control group, expecting that the level of college students mobile phone addiction can be reduced through Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy. The results shows that, as of the experimental group which accepts group counseling training of Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy with a term of 4 weeks a frequency of 8 times, their total scores, and scores of uncontrolled response, withdrawal, inefficiency regarding mobile phone addiction are significantly lower than the pretest ones. Their aggregate score in the experiment is higher than the previous one, while there exists no significant difference between the two inefficiency scores of individual mobile phone addiction. Through this research we find that the intervention effect of cognitive therapy on individual mobile phone addiction is enormous.

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The Research of Golf Consumption Motive Based on Consumption Self-Concept Wang Zhiying,Su Yu 2014, 12(3):  395-399.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics This paper investigated consumers motivation of playing golf and buying golf club membership and analyzed the differences among various customers with specific self-concept. The consumer self-concept scale was revised and used to divide the consumers into five categories: profession-self, communication-self, astute-self, family-self, expression-self. The results showed that: 1) the main motivation of playing golf is to do physical exercises. The difference of the motivation of playing golf among various consumers with specific self-concept is the significant between profession-self customers and other kind of customers. 2) the main motivation of buying golf club membership of customers is business communication. The difference of the motivation of buying golf club membership of customers is among family-self customers with communication-self customers and expression-self customers.

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A Review on the Research of the Core Self-Evaluation Li Hongyu,Cui Yingwen ,He Yisu,Xiao Peng,Wang Lu 2014, 12(3):  400-406.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Core self-evaluation(CSE) has been taken much concerned to researchers since it proposed .Over the past fifteen years,the research on CSE is expanded from work domain to school mental health domain. Firstly,This article includes the background,concept,structure,measurement of CSE,and the relationship between CSE and Big Five personality traits. Besides,this article also includes the relationship between CSE and job satisfaction,the relationship between CSE and job performance,and how CSE influence the two criteria. Moreover,we review the cross-cultural and domestic studies of CSE. We conclude with a discussion of the contributions and limitations of core self-evaluation research and opportunities for future research.

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Review on Working Memory Training Li Cuihong,He Xu,Guo Chunyan 2014, 12(3):  407-412.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Results of previous studies show that working memory (WM) is a system with limited resource. However, recent studies find that the performance for low WM capacity individuals can be raised by WM training which practicing the ability of storage system and the central executive system. The evidence from the cognitive neuroscience has played an important role in evaluating the effects of WM training. Many achievements have been made about this issue, but there is still some controversy, such as the choice of training tasks and long-term maintenance of the training impacts.

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The Role of Phonology in the Meaning Access of Chinese Character:A Review Yu Linxin 2014, 12(3):  413-417.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The role of phonology in access to the meaning of Chinese characters has attracted much attention during the past 20 years. Direct-access hypothesis and interactive hypothesis, which differ in the relationship of phonology and meaning, are the two theories adopted by many researchers. The previous studies can be reviewed from 4 aspects: 1) the comparison between the time course of phonological and semantic activation, 2) the effect of homophone, 3) Neuropsychological and brain mapping research, and 4) the developmental transition phenomenon about the role of phonology in the meaning access. Finally, we point out the problems with experimental paradigms and materials of the past studies and propose the necessity to developing new researchs which combining with the characteristic of Chinese characters.

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Cyberloafing: Review and Prospect Dai Chunlin,Ji Huili,Mao Lihong 2014, 12(3):  418-422.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Cyberloafing is a workplace deviance based on the Internet of employee in company. For nearly a decade, the issue of cyberloafing was stressed by the researchers of human resources management and organizational behavior filed. The present paper reviews the origin, definition and measurement of cyberloafing, introduces social exchange theory, organizational justice theory and neutralization techniques theory for cyberloafing, analyses the effects of demographic characteristics, individual psychological and environmental factors on the cyberloafing. In a word, we integrate the theory of cyberloafing, present the limitation of current research and the perspective for future study.

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A Bibliometric Analysis of Psychology Based on Chinese Social Science Citation Index during 2007-2009 Sun Jianmin,Jiao Haitao,Zhao Jian 2014, 12(3):  423-430.  Abstract ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Based on CSSCI during 2007-2009, this paper takes 2907 literatures published on Acta Psychologica Sinica, Psychological Science, Psychological Development and Education, Studies of Psychology and Behavior, Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology, Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology as research objects. By using bibliometric analysis, this paper summarizes psychological research on the aspects of cooperation, institution, research areas, research contents, research methods and statistical methods. The purpose of this study is to summarize the condition of psychological research in China these years, and explore the trends of psychological research in the future.