挫折情境下自我肯定对执行功能的影响

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2022.05.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨挫折情境下自我肯定对执行功能的影响，创设挫折和非挫折情境，采用价值观自我肯定干预，通过Stroop范式和2-back范式分别测量抑制控制和工作记忆的刷新能力。结果发现，挫折情境下的Stroop任务和2-back任务反应时均高于非挫折情境；挫折情境下自我肯定组在Stroop任务和2-back任务上的反应时均显著低于非自我肯定组，而非挫折情境下两组的反应时没有显著性差异；Stroop效应量在情境与肯定条件上的交互作用不显著。结果表明挫折降低了执行功能的任务表现，自我肯定干预能够改善挫折情境下执行功能相关的任务成绩，促进了个体对工作记忆任务的刷新能力和Stroop任务的认知表现，但对抑制控制能力的改善没有明显作用。

关键词: 自我肯定, 执行功能, Stroop任务, 2-back任务, 挫折

Abstract: The current study aimed to assess the performance on executive functioning tasks following value affirmation in frustrating situations. The tasks measured core executive functioning aspects, that is, inhibition (assessed by a Stroop word-color naming task) and working memory (assessed by a 2-back task). The results revealed that: frustrated participants reacted slower in the Stroop task and 2-back task than non-frustrated participants. The self-affirmed participants in a frustrating situation reacted faster than non-affirmed participants. However, there was no significant difference between the response time of self-affirmed and non-affirmed participants in non-frustrating situation. The interaction between context and affirmative conditions was not significant in Stroop task. These findings suggest that the induced frustration can reduce aspects of performance on executive functioning and the self-affirming may improve performance on tasks related to executive functioning in frustrating situations which then improves updating of working memory and the achievement in Stroop task. However, self-affirmation does not improve inhibitory control.

Key words: self-affirmation, executive function, Stroop task, 2-back task, frustration

中图分类号:

B842

孙红梅, 孙小越, 郝雨. 挫折情境下自我肯定对执行功能的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(5): 615-621.

SUN Hongmei, SUN Xiaoyue, HAO Yu. The Influence of Self-Affirmation on Executive Functioning in a Frustrating Situation[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(5): 615-621.

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