认知闭合需求对身份转换改变内隐态度的影响

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2022.06.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

身份转换对内隐态度的改变是否会受到个体认知闭合需求水平的影响？实验1通过转换被试的社会身份，使用问卷测量其认知闭合需求，考察认知闭合需求对身份转换促进内隐态度转变的影响；实验2通过噪音操纵认知闭合需求，进一步考察认知闭合需求对身份转换促进内隐态度转变的影响。结果发现，个体的认知闭合需求越高，内隐态度转换的灵活性越低；低认知闭合需求组被试在身份转换前后形成外群偏见，而高认知闭合需求组被试只在身份转换前形成内群偏爱。结果表明，高认知闭合需求个体经历身份转换后，其内隐态度较难发生转变。

关键词: 认知闭合需求, 社会身份, 内隐态度

Abstract:

Is the conversion of implicit attitude influenced by the level of need for cognitive closure (NFCC)? In Experiment 1, a questionnaire was used to measure the NFCC, aiming to investigate the effect of the NFCC on implicit evaluation conversion. In Experiment 2, we manipulated the NFCC through environmental noise to further investigate the NFCC on implicit evaluation conversion. The results showed that the higher the individuals’ NFCC, the more difficult it was to shift their implicit intergroup attitudes. The low NFCC group formed implicit out-group bias before and after social identity shifts while the high NFCC group formed implicit in-group preference before social identity shifts. These results suggest that the high NFCC individuals hinder the conversion of implicit evaluation.

Key words: need for cognitive closure, social identity, implicit attitude

中图分类号:

B849

杨阳, 张园, 马唐鑫, 贾亦心, 蒋丽玮. 认知闭合需求对身份转换改变内隐态度的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(6): 835-841.

Yang YANG, Yuan ZHANG, Tangxin MA, Yixin JIA, Liwei JIANG. The Influence of the Need for Cognitive Closure on Implicit Attitude Conversion Facilitated by Social Identity Shifts[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(6): 835-841.

图/表 5

图1 身份转换前不同身份启动被试对积极和消极图片的反应时注：误差线为标准误，以下同。

图2 身份转换后不同身份启动被试对积极和消极图片的反应时

图3 高认知闭合需求条件下身份转换前不同身份启动被试对积极和消极图片的反应时

图4 低认知闭合需求条件下身份转换前不同身份启动被试对积极和消极图片的反应时

图5 低认知闭合需求条件下身份转换后不同身份启动被试对积极和消极图片的反应时

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