基于潜在剖面分析的多重家庭因素与中学生网络游戏成瘾的关系：非适应性认知的中介作用

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2024.03.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究以1043名中学生为研究对象，采用潜在剖面分析探索多重家庭风险和保护因素与网络游戏成瘾之间的特定组合模式，以及非适应性认知在多重家庭因素与网络游戏成瘾之间的中介效应。结果发现：(1)家庭因素与网络游戏成瘾的联合模式存在三种类型：“父母联合低风险–高支持–低成瘾组”、“父母冲突忽视–低支持–高成瘾组”以及“父母联合高风险–低支持–高成瘾组”；(2)非适应性认知在两者关系中的中介效应显著。在中学生网络游戏成瘾的干预中，应重视家庭环境中的多重风险和保护因素的关键作用，通过降低父母婚姻冲突、亲子冲突和提高父母支持水平减少中学生对网络游戏的非适应性认知，从而降低成瘾风险。

关键词: 多重家庭因素, 网络游戏成瘾, 非适应性认知, 潜在剖面分析, 中学生

Abstract:

A total of 1043 participants were recruited and researched to explore the relationship between multiple family factors and internet gaming disorder (IGD), as well as the mediating role of maladaptive cognition on such relationship among middle school students by using latent profile analysis (LPA) and structural equation models. The results showed that: 1) The LPA analysis suggested three sub-groups in combination of multiple family factors and IGD, low family risk - high support - low IGD group, marital conflict and parental neglect - low support - high IGD group and high family risk - low support - high IGD group. 2) Maladaptive cognition significantly mediated the relationship between multiple family factors and IGD. More attention should be paid to the accumulative impact of multiple risk factors and protective factors in the prevention and intervention of IGD. It is necessary to decrease marital conflict and parental conflict and enhance parental support to improve middle school students’ maladaptive cognition and prevent IGD.

Key words: multiple family factors, internet gaming disorder, maladaptive cognition, latent profile analysis, middle school students

杨华耕, 孙芳, 李欢欢. 基于潜在剖面分析的多重家庭因素与中学生网络游戏成瘾的关系：非适应性认知的中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2024, 22(3): 329-337.

Huageng YANG, Fang SUN, Huanhuan LI. A Latent Profile Analysis of Multiple Family Factors and Its Association with Internet Gaming Disorder Among Middle School Students: The Mediating Effect of Maladaptive Cognition[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2024, 22(3): 329-337.

图/表 10

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变量		M	SD	t	Cohen’s d
性别	男(n=457)	2.35	0.95	−7.28***	0.53
性别	女(n=586)	1.88	0.84	−7.28***	0.53
年级	初中(n=879)	2.10	0.92	−0.58
年级	高中(n=164)	2.01	0.92	−0.58
上学方式	住宿(n=705)	2.06	0.86	1.17
上学方式	走读(n=332)	2.13	1.02	1.17
独生子女	是(n=341)	2.10	0.95	0.17
独生子女	否(n=698)	2.07	0.90	0.17
家庭所在地	城市(n=504)	2.04	0.95	−1.74
	乡镇(n=188)	2.01	0.82
	农村(n=348)	2.18	0.91
家庭结构	双亲家庭(n=925)	2.07	0.91	0.82
	单亲家庭(n=103)	2.14	0.93
	由其他监护人抚养(n=12)	2.82	1.33
	小学及以下(n=130)	2.19	0.88
	初中(n=391)	2.08	0.86
父亲受教育程度	高中/中专/技校(n=240)	2.08	0.96	−0.60
	大学专科或本科(n=238)	2.01	0.95
	研究生及以上(n=41)	2.25	1.13
	小学及以下(n=161)	2.14	0.83
	初中(n=394)	2.13	0.89
母亲受教育程度	高中/中专/技校(n=221)	1.92	0.91	0.21
	大学专科或本科(n=223)	2.12	0.96
	研究生及以上(n=37)	2.18	1.23
	小于3万元(n=279)	2.09	0.84
	3～8万元(n=256)	2.07	0.86
家庭年收入	9～14万元(n=97)	2.13	0.94	0.61
	15～20万元(n=29)	1.99	0.96
	20万元以上(n=33)	2.17	1.08

变量		M	SD	t	Cohen’s d
性别	男(n=457)	2.35	0.95	−7.28***	0.53
性别	女(n=586)	1.88	0.84	−7.28***	0.53
年级	初中(n=879)	2.10	0.92	−0.58
年级	高中(n=164)	2.01	0.92	−0.58
上学方式	住宿(n=705)	2.06	0.86	1.17
上学方式	走读(n=332)	2.13	1.02	1.17
独生子女	是(n=341)	2.10	0.95	0.17
独生子女	否(n=698)	2.07	0.90	0.17
家庭所在地	城市(n=504)	2.04	0.95	−1.74
	乡镇(n=188)	2.01	0.82
	农村(n=348)	2.18	0.91
家庭结构	双亲家庭(n=925)	2.07	0.91	0.82
	单亲家庭(n=103)	2.14	0.93
	由其他监护人抚养(n=12)	2.82	1.33
	小学及以下(n=130)	2.19	0.88
	初中(n=391)	2.08	0.86
父亲受教育程度	高中/中专/技校(n=240)	2.08	0.96	−0.60
	大学专科或本科(n=238)	2.01	0.95
	研究生及以上(n=41)	2.25	1.13
	小学及以下(n=161)	2.14	0.83
	初中(n=394)	2.13	0.89
母亲受教育程度	高中/中专/技校(n=221)	1.92	0.91	0.21
	大学专科或本科(n=223)	2.12	0.96
	研究生及以上(n=37)	2.18	1.23
	小于3万元(n=279)	2.09	0.84
	3～8万元(n=256)	2.07	0.86
家庭年收入	9～14万元(n=97)	2.13	0.94	0.61
	15～20万元(n=29)	1.99	0.96
	20万元以上(n=33)	2.17	1.08

变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
1.性别
2.年龄			−0.08*
3.父母婚姻冲突	2.13	0.63	0.14**	−0.04
4.父母忽视	1.98	0.76	0.02	−0.05	0.41***
5.父子冲突	1.88	0.86	−0.02	−0.02	0.24***	0.24***
6.母子冲突	1.94	0.93	0.03	−0.07*	0.26***	0.20***	0.78***
7.母亲依恋	3.58	0.74	−0.05	0.01	−0.49***	−0.55***	−0.27***	−0.34***
8.父亲依恋	3.42	0.79	−0.10**	0.01	−0.54***	−0.52***	−0.32***	−0.27***	0.65***
9.父母自主支持	3.60	0.91	−0.10**	0.03	−0.41***	−0.44***	−0.31***	−0.28***	0.64***	0.61***
10.非适应性认知	2.58	0.98	−0.03	0.01	0.26***	0.28***	0.19***	0.20***	−0.31***	−0.31***	−0.15***
11.网络游戏成瘾	2.09	0.92	−0.26**	0.01	0.26***	0.26***	0.26***	0.25***	−0.28***	−0.28***	−0.17***	0.57***

变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
1.性别
2.年龄			−0.08*
3.父母婚姻冲突	2.13	0.63	0.14**	−0.04
4.父母忽视	1.98	0.76	0.02	−0.05	0.41***
5.父子冲突	1.88	0.86	−0.02	−0.02	0.24***	0.24***
6.母子冲突	1.94	0.93	0.03	−0.07*	0.26***	0.20***	0.78***
7.母亲依恋	3.58	0.74	−0.05	0.01	−0.49***	−0.55***	−0.27***	−0.34***
8.父亲依恋	3.42	0.79	−0.10**	0.01	−0.54***	−0.52***	−0.32***	−0.27***	0.65***
9.父母自主支持	3.60	0.91	−0.10**	0.03	−0.41***	−0.44***	−0.31***	−0.28***	0.64***	0.61***
10.非适应性认知	2.58	0.98	−0.03	0.01	0.26***	0.28***	0.19***	0.20***	−0.31***	−0.31***	−0.15***
11.网络游戏成瘾	2.09	0.92	−0.26**	0.01	0.26***	0.26***	0.26***	0.25***	−0.28***	−0.28***	−0.17***	0.57***

类别数量	AIC	BIC	aBIC	LMR(p)	BLRT(p)	Entropy	最小亚组占比(%)
2	60387.32	60511.06	60431.66	<0.001	<0.001	0.80	49.19
3	59739.90	59908.20	59800.21	0.001	<0.001	0.84	17.52
4	59245.72	59458.56	59321.99	0.014	<0.001	0.86	12.78
5	58981.89	59239.28	59074.12	0.141	<0.001	0.86	1.59