心理与行为研究

心理与行为研究 ›› 2006, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (3): 207-212.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

启发信息对个体顿悟问题解决影响的眼动研究

姚海娟1,2,沈德立1   

  1. 1 天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津 300074;
    2 天津商学院法政学院,天津 300134
  • 收稿日期:2006-07-12 出版日期:2006-09-20 发布日期:2006-09-20
  • 作者简介:姚海娟,女,天津商学院法政学院教师,天津师范大学心理与行为研究院硕士。Email: yhjrenfei@163.com。沈德立,男,天津师范大学心理与行为研究院教授,博士生导师。
  • 基金资助:
    本研究得到教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地01JAZJDXLX003和02JAZJDXLX004重大项目、全国教育科学“十五”规划国家青年基金CBA01022项目、天津市科委科技发展计划项目和教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”的资助

EYE MOVEMENT STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF HEURISTIC INFORMATION IN INSIGHT PROBLEM SOLVING

Yao Haijuan1,2,Shen Deli1   

  1. 1 Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300074;
    2 College of Law and Political Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134
  • Received:2006-07-12 Online:2006-09-20 Published:2006-09-20

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摘要： 本研究以火柴棒算式问题为实验材料,采用2（问题类型：问题A、问题B）×2（启发类型：有、无）×2（认知风格：场独立型、场依存型）×5（兴趣区：第一个加数、加号、第二个加数、等号和结果）实验设计,考察顿悟问题解决时个体的眼动差异。结果发现：相对于场依存型个体,场独立型个体能够更有效地利用启发信息来减小表征变换时的心理加工负荷,进而提高加工效率;启发信息促进问题解决者对问题的表征从数值表征转变到符号表征,从而成功地产生了顿悟。

关键词: 顿悟, 认知风格, 进程监控, 表征变化, 启发信息

Abstract: Match arithmetic problems were used to investigate the effects of heuristic information in insight problem solving and the characteristic of on-line process about individuals with different cognitive styles. The experimental design was 2(types of problem: A, B)×2(types of heuristic: heuristic team, control team)×2(cognitive style: Field Independent, Field Dependent)×5(areas of interest: the first number, plus sign, the second number, equal sign and result). The results showed that compared to field dependence solvers, field independence solvers achieved heuristic information more effectively to reduce processing load and they improved processing efficiency; heuristic information promoted problem solvers from value representation to symbol representation, and insight occurred successfully.

Key words: insight, cognitive style, progress monitoring, representational change, heuristic information

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