妒忌情绪下的定向遗忘效应：基于情境模拟诱发

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 负性情绪会影响个体的注意与记忆。妒忌往往产生于社会比较，其对优势他人的指向性可能与定向遗忘指令产生“竞争”。研究以情境模拟法诱发妒忌情绪，以108名在校大学生为被试，采用2（情绪状态：妒忌、中性）×2（指示类型：记忆、遗忘）两因素混合实验设计，考察妒忌对项目法定向遗忘效应的影响。结果发现，中性情绪条件下，要求记住项目（TBR）的再认成绩显著高于要求遗忘项目（TBF），出现典型的定向遗忘效应。妒忌情绪条件下，TBF项目和TBR项目再认成绩未出现显著差异，未出现定向遗忘效应。该现象的产生可能与妒忌情绪的负性情绪和指向性两个特征所导致的注意抑制的削弱和对优势他人信息的选择性编码有关。

关键词: 定向遗忘, 妒忌, 负性情绪, 情境模拟诱发

Abstract: The effect of negative emotion on attention and memory has been well documented. Envy is often caused by an awareness of another person or group of persons who enjoy a desired possession. Individuals primed with envy tend to better attend to and more accurately recalled information about advantage others than did a control group, which may compete the ‘forget’ or ‘remember’ indicating during directed forgetting. The current experiment investigated whether activating envy would correspond to participants paying more attention to and being better able to recall information about envied targets, so as to interfere the item-method directed forgetting effect. Accordingly, the authors devised a 2 (emotion prime:envy vs. neutral)×2 (directing indicator:remember vs. forget) mixed design, with the emotion factor as between-participant variable, and the indicator factor as within-participant variable. There was a significant interaction between emotion prime and directing indicator. Specially, participants under neutral emotion condition recognized significantly more TBR items than TBF items, while under envy condition no significant difference was detected between recognition performance of TBR and TBF items. The results suggest that envy may deplete the attention inhibition (from negative emotion component of envy) and lead to selectively encode information of envied object (from social comparison component of envy) during directed forgetting.

Key words: directed forgetting, envy, negative emotion, episode evoked

中图分类号:

B842.3

杨丽娴, 李铃芳, 张锦坤. 妒忌情绪下的定向遗忘效应：基于情境模拟诱发[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2019, 17(3): 311-317.

YANG Lixian, LI Lingfang, ZHANG Jinkun. The Effect of Episode-Evoked Envy on Item-Method Directed Forgetting[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2019, 17(3): 311-317.

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