高低厌恶敏感性个体对不同情绪刺激的注意时程: 来自ERP研究的证据

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 选取高厌恶敏感性和低厌恶敏感性个体作为本实验的研究对象，运用ERP技术考察观看厌恶、中性情绪图片时，不同厌恶敏感性个体注意加工时程差异。结果发现，从早期波开始，相比低厌恶敏感性个体，高厌恶敏感性个体N1、N2波的波幅都增强，但到了晚期波，高低厌恶敏感性个体注意厌恶情绪图片差异不显著，但高厌恶个体注意中性图片的LPP波显著增强。这表明高厌恶敏感性个体不仅对高厌恶图片有高注意，对中性情绪图片也表现出较多注意。

关键词: 厌恶敏感性, 情绪, 注意, 事件相关电位

Abstract: In order to investigate the time-course difference of the attention that paid by high disgust sensitivity and low disgust sensitivity individuals when prcessing disgust emotional pictures and neutral emotional pictures, the presents study used the event-related potentials (ERPs) technique to study the difference of attention processing when they see. The results showed: For the N1, N2, high disgust sensitivity group was larger than low disgust sensitivity group. For the LPP, there was no significant difference between sensitivity groups for disgust pictures, but there was a significant difference between sensitivity groups for neutral pictures. These results suggest that high disgust sensitivity individuals shows higher attention to all stimulants. And as to the attention degree of neutral stimulant, high disgust sensitivity objects is still significantly higher than low disgust sensitivity objects.

Key words: disgust sensitivity, emotion, attention, event-related potentials (ERPs)

中图分类号:

B842.1

曾庆, 郑希付. 高低厌恶敏感性个体对不同情绪刺激的注意时程: 来自ERP研究的证据[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2019, 17(6): 743-749.

ZENG Qing, ZHENG XiFu. The Time-course Difference of the Attention Paid by High Disgust Sensitivity and Low Disgust Sensitivity Individuals when Processing Different Emotional Pictures: An Event-related Potentials Study[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2019, 17(6): 743-749.

参考文献

金艳, 郑希付. (2015). 生理性别和生理周期对条件性关联学习和条件性消退的影响:事件相关电位研究. 生理学报, 67(5), 470-478
孙楠, 郑希付. (2014). 条件性的关联学习和消退过程的性别差异. 心理学报, 46(4), 507-515
谭永红, 丛中, 鲁晓华. (2007). 中文厌恶感量表的初步编制及信度、效度检验. 中国心理卫生杂志, 21(10), 696-699, doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-6729.2007.10.011
曾庆, 郑希付. (2016). 国际厌恶与恐惧情绪图片的本土化评定与基于脑电的试用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 24(3), 417-420, 428
Calder, A. J., Beaver, J. D., Davis, M. H., van Ditzhuijzen, J., Keane, J., & Lawrence, A. D. (2007). Disgust sensitivity predicts the insula and pallidal response to pictures of disgusting foods. European Journal of Neuroscience, 25(11), 3422-3428, doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05604.x.
Campanella, S., Falbo, L., Rossignol, M., Grynberg, D., Balconi, M., Verbanck, P., & Maurage, P. (2012). Sex differences on emotional processing are modulated by subclinical levels of alexithymia and depression:A preliminary assessment using event-related potentials. Psychiatry Research, 197(1-2), 145-153, doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2011.12.026.
Caseras, X., Mataix-Cols, D., An, S. K., Lawrence, N. S., Speckens, A., Giampietro, V., … Phillips, M. L. (2007). Sex differences in neural responses to disgusting visual stimuli:Implications for disgust-related psychiatric disorders. Biological Psychiatry, 62(5), 464-471, doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.10.030.
Cisler, J. M., & Olatunji, B. O. (2008). Towards a causal model for disgust in the anxiety disorders:An integration of evidence from neuroscience. Current Psychiatry Reviews, 4(2), 101-107, doi:10.2174/157340008784529304.
Davey, G. C. L., MacDonald, B. A., & Brierley, L. (2008). The effect of disgust on anxiety ratings to fear-relevant, disgust-relevant and fear-irrelevant stimuli. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22(8), 1347-1354, doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.01.015.
Forscher, E. C., Zheng, Y., Ke, Z. J., Folstein, J., & Li, W. (2016). Decomposing fear perception:A combination of psychophysics and neurometric modeling of fear perception. Neuropsychologia, 91, 254-261, doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.08.018.
Foti, D., & Hajcak, G. (2008). Deconstructing reappraisal:Descriptions preceding arousing pictures modulate the subsequent neural response. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 20(6), 977-988, doi:10.1162/jocn.2008.20066.
Hajcak, G., & Nieuwenhuis, S. (2006). Reappraisal modulates the electrocortical response to unpleasant pictures. Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Neuroscience, 6(4), 291-297, doi:10.3758/CABN.6.4.291.
Kam, C. D., & Estes, B. A. (2016). Disgust sensitivity and public demand for protection. Journal of Politics, 78(2), 481-496, doi:10.1086/684611.
Kelley, N. J., Crowell, A. L., Tang, D., Harmon-Jones, E., & Schmeichel, B. J. (2015). Disgust sensitivity predicts defensive responding to mortality salience. Emotion, 15(5), 590-602, doi:10.1037/a0038915.
Klucken, T., Schweckendiek, J., Koppe, G., Merz, C. J., Kagerer, S., Walter, B., … Stark, R. (2012). Neural correlates of disgust-and fear-conditioned responses. Neuroscience, 201, 209-218, doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.11.007.
Lawrence, N. S., An, S. K., Mataix-Cols, D., Ruths, F., Speckens, A., & Phillips, M. L. (2007). Neural responses to facial expressions of disgust but not fear are modulated by washing symptoms in OCD. Biological Psychiatry, 61(9), 1072-1080, doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.06.033.
Lissek, S., Rabin, S. J., McDowell, D. J., Dvir, S., Bradford, D. E., Geraci, M., … Grillon, C. (2009). Impaired discriminative fear-conditioning resulting from elevated fear responding to learned safety cues among individuals with panic disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 47(2), 111-118, doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.10.017.
Luo, W. B., Feng, W. F., He, W. Q., Wang, N. Y., & Luo, Y. J. (2010). Three stages of facial expression processing:ERP study with rapid serial visual presentation. NeuroImage, 49(2), 1857-1867, doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.09.018.
Mataix-Cols, D., An, S. K., Lawrence, N. S., Caseras, X., Speckens, A., Giampietro, V., … Phillips, M. L. (2008). Individual differences in disgust sensitivity modulate neural responses to aversive/disgusting stimuli. European Journal of Neuroscience, 27(11), 3050-3058, doi:10.1111/ejn.2008.27.issue-11.
Olatunji, B. O., Forsyth, J. P., & Cherian, A. (2007). Evaluative differential conditioning of disgust:A sticky form of relational learning that is resistant to extinction. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 21(6), 820-834, doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2006.11.004.
Olatunji, B. O., Lohr, J. M., Smits, J. A. J., Sawchuk, C. N., & Patten, K. (2009). Evaluative conditioning of fear and disgust in blood-injection-injury phobia:Specificity and impact of individual differences in disgust sensitivity. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23(2), 153-159, doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.06.002.
Olatunji, B. O., & Sawchuk, C. N. (2005). Disgust:Characteristic features, social manifestations, and clinical implications. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 24(7), 932-962, doi:10.1521/jscp.2005.24.7.932.
Olatunji, B. O., Armstrong, T., & Elwood, L. (2017). Is disgust proneness associated with anxiety and related disorders? A qualitative review and meta-analysis of group comparison and correlational studies. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 12(3), 613-648.
Olofsson, J. K., Nordin, S., Sequeira, H., & Polich, J. (2008). Affective picture processing:An integrative review of ERP findings. Biological Psychology, 77(3), 247-265, doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.11.006.
Rohrmann, S., Schienle, A., Hodapp, V., & Netter, P. (2004). Experimentelle überprüfung des fragebogens zur erfassung der ekelempfindlichkeit (FEE). Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, 33(2), 91-100, doi:10.1026/0084-5345.33.2.91.
Schienle, A., Schäfer, A., Stark, R., Walter, B., & Vaitl, D. (2005). Relationship between disgust sensitivity, trait anxiety and brain activity during disgust induction. Neuropsychobiology, 51(2), 86-92, doi:10.1159/000084165.
Stark, R., Schienle, A., Sarlo, M., Palomba, D., Walter, B., & Vaitl, D. (2005). Influences of disgust sensitivity on hemodynamic responses towards a disgust-inducing film clip. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 57(1), 61-67, doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2005.01.010.
Stark, R., Walter, B., Schienle, A., & Vaitl, D. (2005). Psychophysiological correlates of disgust and disgust sensitivity. Journal of Psychophysiology, 19(1), 50-60, doi:10.1027/0269-8803.19.1.50.
Tabbert, K., Stark, R., Kirsch, P., & Vaitl, D. (2006). Dissociation of neural responses and skin conductance reactions during fear conditioning with and without awareness of stimulus contingencies. Neuroimage, 32(2), 761-770, doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.03.038.
Taboas, W., Ojserkis, R., & McKay, D. (2015). Change in disgust reactions following cognitive-behavioral therapy for childhood anxiety disorders. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 15(1), 1-7, doi:10.1016/j.ijchp.2014.06.002.
Woody, S. R., & Tolin, D. F. (2002). The relationship between disgust sensitivity and avoidant behavior:Studies of clinical and nonclinical samples. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 16(5), 543-559, doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(02)00173-1.
Ugland, C. C. O., Dyson, B. J., & Field, A. P. (2013). An ERP study of the interaction between verbal information and conditioning pathways to fear. Biological Psychology, 92(1), 69-81, doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.02.003.

[1]	金花, 严世振, 单金磊, 刘婷. 面孔生命性加工的时间进程：ERP研究[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(5): 577-584.
[2]	晏芹, 张清芳. 节奏在言语加工中的时间进程：来自元分析的证据[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(5): 607-614.
[3]	马丽云, 莫文. 自我损耗下积极情绪对亲社会行为的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(5): 684-691.
[4]	刘建榕, 谢林君, 郑琳. 社会性发展迟滞大学生的情绪韵律识别特点[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(5): 714-720.
[5]	李士一, 谢岩枫, 赵光, 白学军. 媒体多任务经验对不同注意模式下内隐记忆的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(4): 433-440.
[6]	鲍旭辉, 黄杰, 李娜, 李健军, 李亚红. 主动性人格对学习投入的影响：领悟社会支持和积极情绪的链式中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(4): 508-514.
[7]	李娇娇, 刘晓冰, 裴丹丹, 徐碧波, 尹锡杨. 情绪智力对大学生恶意创造力的影响：一个有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(4): 563-569.
[8]	李永占. 情绪智力在身体自尊与进食障碍倾向间的调节作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(4): 570-576.
[9]	刘芳, 霍瑞, 韩铖铖, 王美沂, 杨海波. 执行功能对个体情绪调节策略使用倾向和调节效果的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(3): 382-389.
[10]	郭丰波, 黄佳珊, 刘腾飞, 谷莉. 社会责任感调节群际替代性排斥中旁观者第三方惩罚[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(3): 397-403.
[11]	李鹏, 张志超, 杨洋, 杨佳奇, 李洪玉. 工作压力对中小学教师职业倦怠的影响：情绪劳动和工作满意度的链式中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(3): 412-418.
[12]	周爱保, 赵海燕, 夏瑞雪, 袁月, 贾婷婷, 谢珮. 不同语义水平下参照方式、情绪效价和特质评价对记忆的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(2): 145-152.
[13]	赵思怡, 李莹, 王悦. 情绪效价−空间动作隐喻联结对成人和儿童外语情绪词学习的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(2): 153-159.
[14]	刘艳艳, 李杰, 赵起超, 陈贝贝, 张禹. 三维动静态场景下返回抑制的扩散[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(1): 22-28.
[15]	王军利, 文彦茹, 林艺, 侯莉敏. 学前儿童情绪表达规则认知发展特征及其影响因素：一项追踪研究[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(6): 764-770.