口吃儿童言语产生中的抑制控制：来自出声Go/Nogo任务的证据

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 抑制控制在言语产生中起重要作用，其功能异常可能是造成口吃的原因之一。前人研究发现成年口吃者存在与抑制控制相关的脑区（右侧额下回）的过度激活，但在口吃儿童中没有。此外，关于口吃儿童抑制控制的行为研究只运用了按键任务，结果也存在很大争议。故本研究运用出声Go/Nogo任务检验口吃儿童在言语产生中的反应抑制能力。结果发现，口吃组与对照组在击中和虚报的反应时、漏报率和虚报率上均未表现出组间差异，而且口吃组的这些指标与口吃程度也没有显著相关。在排除速度与准确率的权衡后，上述结果支持口吃儿童在言语产生中对发音运动的反应抑制并不存在普遍缺陷，在一定程度上支持了成年口吃者右侧额下回过度激活的补偿解释。

关键词: 口吃儿童, 出声Go/Nogo, 抑制控制

Abstract: Inhibitory control plays an important role in speech production, and its dysfunction may be one of the causes of stuttering. Previous studies have found that adults who stutter (AWS) have over-activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus, which is associated with inhibitory control, but not in the children who stutter (CWS). In addition, the previous researches on inhibitory control of CWS only involve the response of pressing buttons. These results are also controversial. Therefore, this study used the verbal Go/Nogo task to test the ability of inhibitory control of CWS in speech production. The results showed that there is no significant difference in reaction times of hit and false alarms, and percentages of miss trials and false alarms between the CWS and the control group. There is also no correlation between these indicators and the degree of stuttering for the CWS group. Ruling out the speed-accuracy trade-off, these results suggest the deficit in the inhibitory control of speech production is not universal for the CWS. This supports the speculation to some extent that the right inferior frontal gyrus of AWS is over-activated to compensate for the inadequate activation of the contralateral language area.

Key words: children who stutter, verbal Go/Nogo task, inhibitory control

中图分类号:

B842.1

赵黎明, 刘奕伶. 口吃儿童言语产生中的抑制控制：来自出声Go/Nogo任务的证据[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2019, 17(6): 780-786.

ZHAO Liming, LIU Yiling. Inhibitory Control in Speech Production of Children Who Stutter: Evidence from a Verbal Go/Nogo Task[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2019, 17(6): 780-786.

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