不同自我同一性状态大学生的回音适应行为表现

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2024.03.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

信息窄化(回音室效应)现象日益突出并带来消极影响，但人们会采取回音适应行为以应对或消除信息窄化的影响。大学生正处于角色转变的关键时期，回音适应行为表现可能与其自我同一性发展水平有关。研究基于身份资本假设与I³行为主义框架探究并解释这一问题。使用问卷法对366名大学生进行施测，结果发现：处于自我同一性完成状态的大学生，回音适应行为得分最高，转变状态下次之，弥散状态下最低；信息过载和感知效用解释了弥散状态大学生的回音适应行为；身份气泡强化和感知效用解释了转变状态下大学生的回音适应行为。结果表明，弥散状态个体采取回音适应行为可能与无效而过载的信息推荐有关；转变状态个体采取回音适应行为可能与信息推荐为建立“身份气泡”机制提供了有效信息有关。

关键词: 自我同一性, 回音适应行为, 信息过载, 身份气泡强化, 感知效用

Abstract:

Although the phenomenon of information narrowing (echo chamber effect) is becoming increasingly prominent and has negative consequences, people would engage in echo-adaptation to cope with or mitigate the effects of information narrowing. College students are at a critical period of role transition, and their engagement in echo-adaptation may be related to the level of development of their self-identity. This study explored this issue based on the assumptions of identity capital and the I³ behavioral framework. A questionnaire survey of 366 college students was conducted. The results showed that, the score of echo-adaptive behavior was highest for college students in the ego-identity completion state, then for the transformation, and was lowest for the diffuse state. The overload information and perceived utility explained the echo-adaptive behavior of college students in the diffuse state, while the identity bubble reinforcement and perceived utility explained the echo-adaptive behavior of college students in the transformation state. The results indicate that echo-adaptive behavior for individuals in a diffuse state may be associated with ineffective and overload information recommendation, while for individuals in a transitional state, it may be related to the effective information provided by information recommendation technologies that establishs an “identity bubble” mechanism for individuals.

Key words: ego-identity, echo-adaptive behavior, information overload, identity bubble reinforcement, perceived utility

杨权, 牛更枫, 孙晓军. 不同自我同一性状态大学生的回音适应行为表现[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2024, 22(3): 338-345.

Quan YANG, Gengfeng NIU, Xiaojun SUN. Echo-Adaptive Behavior of College Students with Different Self-Identity States[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2024, 22(3): 338-345.

图/表 4

表1 自我同一性状态分组

Model	AIC	BIC	Entropy	prob_min	prob_max	n_min	n_max	BLRT_p
1	5208.31	5247.33	1	1	1	1	1
2	4863.40	4925.85	0.88	0.93	0.98	0.23	0.77	0.01
3	4616.91	4702.76	0.82	0.89	0.95	0.15	0.49	0.01
4	4580.29	4689.56	0.75	0.82	0.97	0.15	0.41	0.01

图1 自我同一性状态分类

图2 不同自我同一性状态各变量事后比较结果注：柱形内的数字表示均值，误差线为标准误，上方横线为事后检验结果，事后检验采用t检验，并对p值了进行了Bonferroni矫正，每个窗口左上方为各变量在不同自我同一性状态下的单因素方差分析结果；p>0.05标记为ns，p<0.05标记为*，p<0.01标记为**，p<0.001标记为***，以下同。

表2 不同影响因素对回音适应行为的解释

变量	完成状态			转变状态			弥散状态
变量	β	SE	z	β	SE	z	β	SE	z
信息过载	−0.11	0.08	−1.42	0.14	0.09	1.58	0.28***	0.08	3.51
身份气泡强化	0.03	0.04	0.82	0.12***	0.03	3.71	0.04	0.03	1.31
感知效用	0.06	0.06	0.96	0.44***	0.07	6.78	0.30***	0.06	5.17

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