3～6岁儿童同胞关系的异质性及其影响因素：基于潜在剖面分析

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2024.03.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

运用潜在剖面分析探索3～6岁儿童同胞关系的不同特征模式，并且进一步探讨个体心理理论与亲子关系对儿童早期同胞关系类型的影响。采用同胞行为量表、社会理解量表、亲子关系量表对1410名二孩家庭的3～6岁儿童进行调查，结果发现：(1)儿童同胞关系可以分为磨合成长型(48.94%)、相对和谐型(47.09%)和矛盾冲突型(3.97%)三种类型；(2)儿童个体心理理论以及亲子关系亲密性越高，亲子关系冲突性越低，其同胞关系类型更倾向归属于相对和谐型。

关键词: 同胞关系, 心理理论, 亲子关系, 潜在剖面分析, 3～6岁儿童

Abstract:

Latent profile analysis was used to explore the potential patterns of sibling relationships of 3- to 6-year-old children, and to further explore the influence of children’s individual theory of mind and parent-child relationships on the categories of their sibling relationships. A total of 1410 3- to 6-year-old children from two-child families were recruited and their parents completed the Sibling Inventory of Behavior Scale, the Social Understanding Scale, and the Parent-Child Relationship Scale. Results reveal that: 1) children’s sibling relationships can be categorized into the growing (48.94%), relative harmonious (47.09%), and contradictory (3.97%) types, and 2) the higher children’s theory of mind as well as the parent-child intimacy, the lower parent-child conflictiveness, their sibling relationships are more inclined to be categorized into the harmonious type.

Key words: sibling relationship, theory of mind, parent-child relationship, latent profile analysis, 3~6 years old children

徐慧艳, 王小英. 3～6岁儿童同胞关系的异质性及其影响因素：基于潜在剖面分析[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2024, 22(3): 346-353.

Huiyan XU, Xiaoying WANG. Heterogeneity in Preschoolers’ Sibling Relationship and Its Predictors: A Latent Profile Analysis[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2024, 22(3): 346-353.

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		n	占比(%)
性别	男	728	51.63
	女	682	48.37
年龄	3～4岁	350	24.82
	4～5岁	531	37.66
	5～6岁	529	37.52
出生顺序	头胎	394	27.94
	二胎	1016	72.06
性别构成	同性	684	48.51
	异性	726	51.49
年龄差距	≤36个月	448	31.77
	>36个月	962	68.23

		n	占比(%)
性别	男	728	51.63
	女	682	48.37
年龄	3～4岁	350	24.82
	4～5岁	531	37.66
	5～6岁	529	37.52
出生顺序	头胎	394	27.94
	二胎	1016	72.06
性别构成	同性	684	48.51
	异性	726	51.49
年龄差距	≤36个月	448	31.77
	>36个月	962	68.23

模型	对数似然数	df	AIC	BIC	aBIC	LMR(p)	BLRT(p)	Entropy
单类别	−8894.73	12	17813.45	17876.47	17838.35
两类别	−8179.86	19	16397.71	16497.49	16437.13	0.00	0.00	0.80
三类别	−7580.01	26	15212.01	15348.55	15265.96	0.01	0.00	0.87
四类别	−7191.75	33	14449.49	14622.79	14517.96	0.33	0.00	0.89

模型	对数似然数	df	AIC	BIC	aBIC	LMR(p)	BLRT(p)	Entropy
单类别	−8894.73	12	17813.45	17876.47	17838.35
两类别	−8179.86	19	16397.71	16497.49	16437.13	0.00	0.00	0.80
三类别	−7580.01	26	15212.01	15348.55	15265.96	0.01	0.00	0.87
四类别	−7191.75	33	14449.49	14622.79	14517.96	0.33	0.00	0.89

类型	n	陪伴	共情	教学	竞争	攻击	回避
1(磨合成长型)	690	3.78±0.52	3.82±0.50	3.49±0.70	2.55±0.77	2.04±0.70	1.18±0.33
2(相对和谐型)	664	4.74±0.35	4.79±0.29	4.59±0.55	2.46±0.89	1.80±0.65	1.05±0.18
3(矛盾冲突型)	56	3.84±0.63	3.85±0.72	3.77±0.69	3.38±0.71	3.19±0.72	3.23±0.71
F		765.45***	907.82***	510.16***	32.02***	116.92***	1399.94***
事后检验		2>1=3	2>1=3	2>3>1	3>2=1	3>1>2	3>1>2
效应量		0.52	0.56	0.42	0.04	0.14	0.67