不同网络游戏成瘾程度青少年对游戏信息注意偏向的差异

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2026.03.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对成瘾相关信息的注意偏向是引起和维持个体成瘾行为的重要影响因素之一。但是，目前关于不同网络游戏成瘾程度青少年对游戏信息注意偏向的模式差异尚不明确。本研究将点探测范式与眼动追踪技术相结合，以网络游戏成瘾青少年、问题性网络游戏使用青少年和对照组为被试，记录了他们浏览游戏相关信息和游戏无关信息时的眼动模式，探讨他们对不同类型信息的注意偏向模式差异。结果发现，网络游戏成瘾青少年对游戏相关信息的首次到达时间显著短于问题性网络游戏使用青少年和对照组；网络游戏成瘾青少年、问题性网络游戏使用青少年对游戏相关信息的首次加工时间和总注视时间均显著长于游戏无关信息。研究表明，不同网络游戏成瘾程度青少年的注意偏向模式存在差异，网络游戏成瘾青少年对游戏相关信息的注意偏向表现为警觉-脱离困难模式，而问题性网络游戏使用青少年则表现为注意脱离困难模式。

关键词: 青少年, 网络游戏成瘾, 注意偏向, 注意警觉, 注意脱离困难

Abstract: Attentional bias toward addiction-related information is one of the key factors underlying the emergence and maintenance of addictive behaviors. However, it remains unclear whether there are distinct patterns of attentional bias toward game information among adolescents with different levels of internet gaming addiction. The present study combined the dot-probe paradigm with eye-tracking technology, recruiting three groups of participants: adolescents with internet gaming addiction, adolescents with problematic online gaming use, and controls. We recorded their eye-movement patterns while viewing game-related and game-unrelated information, to examine group differences in attentional bias patterns toward different types of information. The results showed that adolescents with internet gaming addiction exhibited a significantly shorter first fixation latency toward game-related information than those with problematic online gaming use and controls. Adolescents with internet gaming addiction and those with problematic online gaming use both showed significantly longer first fixation duration and total fixation duration on game-related information than on game-unrelated information. These findings indicate that adolescents with different levels of internet gaming addiction show distinct patterns of attentional bias. Adolescents with internet gaming addiction exhibited a vigilance-disengagement difficulty pattern toward game-related information, whereas adolescents with problematic online gaming use showed a disengagement difficulty pattern.

Key words: adolescents, internet gaming addiction, attentional bias, attentional vigilance, attentional disengagement difficulty

中图分类号:

B849

杨海波, 李奕康, 郭雅雯, 刘冰洁. 不同网络游戏成瘾程度青少年对游戏信息注意偏向的差异[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2026, 24(3): 401-409.

YANG Haibo, LI Yikang, GUO Yawen, LIU Bingjie. Differences in Attentional Bias Toward Game Information Among Adolescents with Varying Levels of Internet Gaming Addiction[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2026, 24(3): 401-409.

参考文献

崔丽娟. (2006). 用安戈夫方法对网络成瘾与网络游戏成瘾的界定. 应用心理学, 12(2), 142–147
戴珅懿, 马庆国, 王小毅. (2011). 网络游戏成瘾者对成瘾相关线索的注意偏向: 一项ERP研究. 心理科学, 34(6), 1302–1307
共青团中央, 中国互联网络信息中心. (2024). 第6次中国未成年人互联网使用情况调查报告. 2025-09-26取自https://news.youth.cn/gn/202411/t20241124_15670305.htm
龚栩, 黄宇霞, 王妍, 罗跃嘉. (2011). 中国面孔表情图片系统的修订. 中国心理卫生杂志, 25(1), 40–46
贾云丞, 程刚, 丁芳媛, 陈加, 龙女, 陈玉荣, 林楠. (2024). 对中性婴儿面孔注意偏向与表情不确定性的关系. 心理科学进展, 32(9), 1393–1407
杨海波. (2022). 创伤后应激障碍青少年的注意加工. 北京: 科学出版社.
中国音像与数字出版协会游戏出版工作委员会, 伽马数据(CNG). (2024). 2024中国游戏产业未成年人保护报告. 2025-09-26 取自 https://www.nppa.gov.cn/xxfb/ywdt/202412/t20241216_877443.html
Anderson, B. A. (2017). Reward processing in the value-driven attention network: Reward signals tracking cue identity and location. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 12(3), 461–467
Bai, Y., Elhai, J. D., Montag, C., & Yang, H. B. (2023). Biased processing of game-related information in problematic mobile gaming users. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 12(2), 480–489
Berridge, K. C., & Robinson, T. E. (2016). Liking, wanting and the incentive-sensitization theory of addiction. American Psychologist, 71(8), 670–679
Bishop, S. J. (2009). Trait anxiety and impoverished prefrontal control of attention. Nature Neuroscience, 12(1), 92–98
Brand, M., Müller, A., Wegmann, E., Antons, S., Brandtner, A., Müller, S. M., … Potenza, M. N. (2025). Current interpretations of the I-PACE model of behavioral addictions. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 14(1), 1–17
Brand, M., Wegmann, E., Stark, R., Müller, A., Wölfling, K., Robbins, T. W., & Potenza, M. N. (2019). The interaction of person-affect-cognition-execution (I-PACE) model for addictive behaviors: Update, generalization to addictive behaviors beyond internet-use disorders, and specification of the process character of addictive behaviors. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 104, 1–10
Brand, M., Young, K. S., Laier, C., Wölfling, K., & Potenza, M. N. (2016). Integrating psychological and neurobiological considerations regarding the development and maintenance of specific internet-use disorders: An interaction of person-affect-cognition-execution (I-PACE) model. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 71, 252–266
Cardoso, S., Fernandes, C., & Barbosa, F. (2021). Emotional and attentional bias in fibromyalgia: A pilot ERP study of the dot-probe task. Neurology and Therapy, 10(2), 1079–1093
Cisler, J. M., & Koster, E. H. W. (2010). Mechanisms of attentional biases towards threat in anxiety disorders: An integrative review. Clinical Psychology Review, 30(2), 203–216
Duncan, J., Ward, R., & Shapiro, K. (1994). Direct measurement of attentional dwell time in human vision. Nature, 369(6478), 313–315
Field, M., & Cox, W. M. (2008). Attentional bias in addictive behaviors: A review of its development, causes, and consequences. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 97(1–2), 1–20
Gao, W., Cao, B., Shan, S. G., Chen, X. L., Zhou, D. L., Zhang, X. H., & Zhao, D. B. (2008). The CAS-PEAL large-scale Chinese face database and baseline evaluations. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Part A: Systems and Humans, 38(1), 149–161.
Goldstein, R. Z., & Volkow, N. D. (2011). Dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex in addiction: Neuroimaging findings and clinical implications. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 12(11), 652–669
Guo, Y. W., Elhai, J. D., Montag, C., Wang, Y., & Yang, H. B. (2024). Problematic mobile gamers have attention bias toward game social information. Computers in Human Behavior, 152, 108074
Gupta, R. S., Kujawa, A., & Vago, D. R. (2019). The neural chronometry of threat-related attentional bias: Event-related potential (ERP) evidence for early and late stages of selective attentional processing. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 146, 20–42
Huang, G. D., Han, C. L., Yang, J. H., Ye, C. H., Javed, I., Liu, F., … Yang, M. (2023). Neural basis of the attention bias during addiction stroop task in methamphetamine-dependent patients with and without a history of psychosis: An ERP study. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1173711
Klaver, S. J., Dvorak, R. D., De Leon, A. N., Burr, E. K., Leary, A. V., Hayden, E. R., … Gwaltney, C. J. (2024). Support for incentive-sensitization theory in adolescent ad libitum smokers using ecological momentary assessment. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 32(1), 27–34
Koob, G. F., & Volkow, N. D. (2010). Neurocircuitry of addiction. Neuropsychopharmacology, 35(1), 217–238
Koster, E. H. W., Crombez, G., Verschuere, B., van Damme, S., & Wiersema, J. R. (2006). Components of attentional bias to threat in high trait anxiety: Facilitated engagement, impaired disengagement, and attentional avoidance. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44(12), 1757–1771
Liossi, C., Schoth, D. E., Godwin, H. J., & Liversedge, S. P. (2014). Using eye movements to investigate selective attention in chronic daily headache. Pain, 155(3), 503–510
Lorenz, R. C., Krüger, J. K., Neumann, B., Schott, B. H., Kaufmann, C., Heinz, A., & Wüstenberg, T. (2013). Cue reactivity and its inhibition in pathological computer game players. Addiction Biology, 18(1), 134–146
Metcalf, O., & Pammer, K. (2011). Attentional bias in excessive massively multiplayer online role-playing gamers using a modified stroop task. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(5), 1942–1947
Motamedy, S., Ebrahimi, M. N., Fathi, M., Talebi Moghaddam, M., Mazhari, S., & Pourrahimi, A. M. (2025). Assessment of attentional bias in Internet Gaming Disorder using the addiction stroop task and event-related potentials. Addiction & Health, 17, 1571
Robinson, T. E., & Berridge, K. C. (2001). Incentive-sensitization and addiction. Addiction, 96(1), 103–114
Robinson, T. E., & Berridge, K. C. (2025). The incentive-sensitization theory of addiction 30 years on. Annual Review of Psychology, 76(1), 29–58
Sheppes, G., Luria, R., Fukuda, K., & Gross, J. J. (2013). There’s more to anxiety than meets the eye: Isolating threat-related attentional engagement and disengagement biases. Emotion, 13(3), 520–528
Waters, A. J., Shiffman, S., Sayette, M. A., Paty, J. A., Gwaltney, C. J., & Balabanis, M. H. (2003). Attentional bias predicts outcome in smoking cessation. Health Psychology, 22(4), 378–387
World Health Organization. (2025). International classification of diseases for mortality and morbidity statistics (11th Revision). Retrieved March 20, 2026, from https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en
Young, K. S. (1998). Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyber Psychology & Behavior, 1(3), 237–244

[1]	罗品超, 罗佳娴, 陆子秀, 李显哲. 社会排斥对高低攻击特质青少年情绪表情知觉敏感性的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2026, 24(3): 312-319.
[2]	赵海燕, 马燕, 周爱保. 青少年心理复原力的发展趋势及性别的作用：基于动态发展视角[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2026, 24(3): 335-342.
[3]	王惠惠, 唐慎佩, 赵双祐, 黄向圆, 兰松. 内在自我与外界眼光：自我评价与反射性评价一致性对青少年心理健康问题的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2026, 24(2): 187-194.
[4]	樊雪戎, 段依凡, 邢晓沛. 温暖的亲子感知差异与青少年内化问题的关系：基于二项式回归的响应面分析[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2026, 24(2): 195-203.
[5]	张一林, 牛更枫, 白旭青, 辛素飞, 孙晓军. 社会逆境感知与青少年社交媒体成瘾的双向关系：控制感的作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2026, 24(2): 258-264.
[6]	丁晓茜, 刘华语. 社会排斥影响个体社交行为的双路径机制：消极完美主义与注意偏向的作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2026, 24(1): 51-59.
[7]	曾子豪, 何震, 袁言云, 赵纤, 印利红, 谭嵘, 常梦梦, 胡义秋. HPA轴系统多基因−亲子关系交互对青少年抑郁发展影响及性别差异[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2026, 24(1): 78-86.
[8]	杨昕珠, 王腾飞, 郑晓龙. 青少年社会情感能力与学业倦怠的双向预测作用：一项交叉滞后研究[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2025, 23(6): 789-797.
[9]	谷莉, 黄晓彤, 梁广华, 蔡頠, 郭丰波. 核心自我评价与青少年自伤行为的关系：有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2025, 23(6): 798-805.
[10]	赵晨光, 吴容, 李垚锦, 张微. 网络游戏成瘾者干扰控制的神经机制：来自整体−局部任务和近红外脑成像的证据[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2025, 23(5): 603-611.
[11]	张春妹, 骆玉冰, 温冬雪, 郑航. 青少年逆反心理与偏差行为的关系：偏差同伴联系和偏差群体同一性的链式中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2025, 23(5): 645-652.
[12]	刘鑫, 刘衍玲, 曾晋逸. 心理需要挫折与青少年抑郁症状的纵向联系：心理素质的调节作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2025, 23(4): 496-503.
[13]	鲍振宙, 刘花, 于明申. 青少年校园欺凌旁观行为与焦虑抑郁症状的关系：基于纵向网络分析法[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2025, 23(4): 504-512.
[14]	刘佳, 高培晋, 李楠, 孙敏, 白学军. 社会变化程度感知对青少年社会公平感的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2025, 23(4): 551-559.
[15]	张庆吉, 郭丰波, 涂叶满, 卿再花, 宋凤. 劳动价值观对青少年心理健康潜在类别及其转换的影响：双因素模型视角[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2025, 23(4): 569-576.