Studies of Psychology and Behavior ›› 2022, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (1): 88-95.DOI: 10.12139/j.1672-0628.2022.01.013

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Meaning in Life and Mental Health of the Elderly Based on the Dual-Factor Model : Mediating Effects of Attitudes Toward Aging

CHEN Yantao1,2, GAO Xiaotong1, CHEN Zhaolin1, HUANG Shihua1,3   

  1. 1. Department of Applied Psychology, School of Public Health and Management, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006;
    2. School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060;
    3. Research Center for Guangdong Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service and Industry Development, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006
  • Received:2021-04-06 Online:2022-01-20

基于双因素模型的老年人生命意义感与心理健康:老化态度的中介作用——基于双因素模型的老年人生命意义感与心理健康:老化态度的中介作用

陈艳桃1,2, 高晓彤1, 陈兆琳1, 黄时华1,3   

  1. 1. 广州中医药大学公共卫生与管理学院应用心理学系,广州 510006;
    2. 深圳大学心理学院,深圳 518060;
    3. 广州中医药大学中医药健康养老服务管理研究中心,广州 510006
  • 通讯作者: 黄时华,E-mail:hshjg@gzucm.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年基金(71804031);国家级大学生创新训练项目(201910572018);广东省中医药局项目(20184010);广东省哲学社会科学“十三五”规划项目(GD18XSH05);广州中医药大学广东省中医药服务与产业发展研究中心项目(2019YBA12)

Abstract: Under the influence of positive psychology, the dual-factor model of mental health combined both subjective well-being and psychopathology. This study aimed to verify the applicability of the dual-factor model of mental health among the elderly and investigate multiple mediating effects of attitudes toward aging between meaning in life and mental health. Two hundred and eighty-three elderly people in the Guangzhou community completed 12-item General Health Questionnaire, Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale, Meaning in Life Questionnaire and Attitudes to Ageing Questionnaire. Results showed that: 1) The dual-factor model of mental health fitted better than the single-factor model. 2) Meaning in life promoted mental health through three pathways of attitudes toward aging, i.e., positive attitudes toward physical change, psychological growth and psychosocial loss. However, specific mechanisms differed. With the improvement of the presence of and the search for meaning in life, subjective well-being could be strengthened through complete mediation of attitudes toward aging. Attitudes toward aging completely mediated the negative association between the presence of meaning in life and psychopathology, but partially mediated the positive association between the search for meaning in life and psychopathology. Overall, this study expands applicable age range of the dual-factor model of mental health and provides empirical evidence for improving mental health of the elderly.

Key words: the dual-factor model of mental health, meaning in life, attitudes toward aging, mediating effect

摘要: 在积极心理学的影响下,心理健康双因素模型包含主观幸福感和精神病理学指标。研究旨在验证心理健康双因素模型在老年人中的适用性,考察老化态度在生命意义感和心理健康间的多重中介作用。采用爱丁堡幸福量表、一般健康问卷、老化态度问卷和人生意义问卷调查了283名广州市社区老年人。结果发现:(1)心理健康双因素模型较单因素模型的拟合度更优。(2)生命意义感通过老化态度的三条路径(对身体变化、心理获得和心理社会丧失的积极态度)促进心理健康,但具体机制不同。增强意义体验、意义追寻通过老化态度的完全中介作用,提高主观幸福感。增强意义体验通过老化态度的完全中介作用,减弱意义追寻通过老化态度的部分中介作用,减少精神病理学症状。研究结果扩大了心理健康双因素模型的适用年龄范围,为提升老年人的心理健康提供实证依据。

关键词: 心理健康双因素模型, 生命意义感, 老化态度, 中介效应

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