Abstract: There were three scales mentioned in the current study Junior High School Students′ Anti-frustration Ability, Self-esteem, and Optimistic Attributional Style. A sample of 574 junior high school students were recruited to participate in the study. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between optimistic attributional style and anti-frustration ability, and the possible mediating role of self-esteem. The results showed that 1)There were significant relationship among Optimistic Attributional Style, Anti-frustration Ability and Self-esteem. 2)Positive attributional event could predict junior high school students′ anti-frustration ability. Meanwhile, self-esteem are partially mediated the effect of positive attributional event on anti-frustration ability. 3)Self-esteem are wholly mediated the relationship between negative attributional event and anti-frustration ability. These results indicated that the different property of attributional event played different role on its anti-frustration ability, and that self-esteem played an important mediating role between junior high school students′ optimistic attributional style and anti-frustration ability.

Key words: junior high school students, optimistic attributional style, self-esteem, anti-frustration ability, mediating effect.

摘要： 采用《中学生抗挫折能力》、《自尊》和《乐观归因风格》三个问卷,以574名初中生作为被试,应用中介效应检验程序探讨乐观归因风格与抗挫折能力的关系及自尊在二者之间的中介作用。结果表明：（1）乐观归因风格与抗挫折能力、自尊之间存在密切关系;（2）积极事件归因不仅会直接影响初中生的抗挫折能力,而且还会通过自尊对其产生间接影响;（3）消极事件归因仅通过自尊间接地影响初中生的抗挫折能力。这表明不同性质的事件归因对抗挫折能力的影响有差异,自尊在初中生乐观归因风格与抗挫折能力之间起着重要的中介作用。

关键词: 初中生, 乐观归因风格, 自尊, 抗挫折能力, 中介作用。